 European Union(in respect of its defence arm, the Common Security and Defence Policy) |
 NATO
| ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mutual defence clause | Article 42.7 of the consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union:
"If a Member State is the victim of armed aggression on its territory, the other Member States shall have towards it an obligation of aid and assistance by all the means in their power, in accordance with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter. This shall not prejudice the specific character of the security and defence policy of certain Member States. [...]" |
Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty:
"The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them [on their territory] shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defence recognised by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area. [...]" | |
| Political strategic organisation | |||
| Highest office | High Representative (HR/VP) | Secretary General | |
| Principal decision-making body | Foreign Affairs Council | North Atlantic Council | |
| Liaison body | European External Action Service | International Staff | |
| Seat | Kortenberg building (Brussels, Belgium) |  NATO headquarters (Brussels, Belgium)
| |
| Military strategic organisation | |||
| Supreme commander |   Director of the Military Planning and Conduct Capability
|
 Supreme Allied Commander Europe
| |
| Headquarters | Military Planning and Conduct Capability (Brussels, Belgium)
|
Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (Mons, Belgium)
| |
| Chair of chiefs of defence assembly |  Chairman of the European Union Military Committee
|
 Chair of the NATO Military Committee
| |
| Chiefs of defence assembly |  European Union Military Committee
|
NATO Military Committee
| |
| Advisory body | European Union Military Staff
|
 International Military Staff
| |
| Membership | Permanent Structured Cooperation | Membership | |
| Member states of both the EU and NATO | |||
 Belgium
|
Founder | Founder | Founder |
 Bulgaria
|
2007 | Founder | 2004 |
 Croatia
|
2013 | Founder | 2009 |
 Czech Republic
|
2004 | Founder | 1999 |
 Denmark
|
1973 | 2023 | Founder |
 Estonia
|
2004 | Founder | 2004 |
 Finland
|
1995 | Founder | 2023 |
 France
|
Founder | Founder | Founder |
 Germany
|
Founder | Founder | 1955 |
 Greece
|
1981 | Founder | 1952 |
 Hungary
|
2004 | Founder | 1999 |
 Italy
|
Founder | Founder | Founder |
 Latvia
|
2004 | Founder | 2004 |
 Lithuania
|
2004 | Founder | 2004 |
 Luxembourg
|
Founder | Founder | Founder |
 Netherlands
|
Founder | Founder | Founder |
 Poland
|
2004 | Founder | 1999 |
 Portugal
|
1986 | Founder | Founder |
 Romania
|
2007 | Founder | 2004 |
 Slovakia
|
2004 | Founder | 2004 |
 Slovenia
|
2004 | Founder | 2004 |
 Spain
|
1986 | Founder | 1982 |
 Sweden
|
1995 | Founder | 2024 |
| Non-NATO EU member states | |||
 Austria
|
1995 | Founder | Partnership for Peace |
 Cyprus
|
2004 | Founder | No |
 Ireland
|
1973 | Founder | Partnership for Peace |
 Malta
|
2004 | No | Partnership for Peace |
| Non-EU NATO member states | |||
 Albania
|
Candidate | — | 2009 |
 Iceland
|
No | — | Founder |
 Montenegro
|
Candidate | — | 2017 |
 North Macedonia
|
Candidate | — | 2020 |
 Norway
|
Defence Agency agreement | — | Founder |
 Turkey
|
Candidate | — | 1952 |
 United Kingdom
|
No | — | Founder |
| European countries outside both the EU and NATO | |||
 Andorra
|
No | — | No |
 Armenia
|
No | — | Individual Partnership Action Plan |
 Azerbaijan
|
No | — | Individual Partnership Action Plan |
 Belarus
|
No | — | Partnership for Peace |
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
Candidate | — | Membership Action Plan |
 Georgia
|
Candidate | — | Intensified Dialogue |
 Kazakhstan
|
No | — | Individual Partnership Action Plan |
 Kosovo
|
Applicant / Potential candidate | — | No |
 Liechtenstein
|
No | — | No |
 Moldova
|
Candidate | — | Individual Partnership Action Plan |
 Monaco
|
No | — | No |
 Russia
|
No | — | Partnership for Peace |
 San Marino
|
No | — | No |
 Serbia
|
Candidate | — | Individual Partnership Action Plan |
 Switzerland
|
Defence Agency agreement | — | Partnership for Peace |
 Ukraine
|
Candidate | — | Intensified Dialogue |
 Vatican City
|
No | — | No |
| NATO member states located in North America, which are therefore ineligible for EU membership | |||
 Canada
|
— | — | Founder |
 United States
|
— | — | Founder |
| Members of NATO's Partnership for Peace located outside Europe, which are therefore neither eligible for EU nor NATO membership | |||
 Kyrgyzstan
|
— | — | Partnership for Peace |
 Tajikistan
|
— | — | Partnership for Peace |
 Turkmenistan
|
— | — | Partnership for Peace |
 Uzbekistan
|
— | — | Partnership for Peace |
Non-European countries
Transcontinental countries