Phase | Symptom | Whole-body absorbed dose (Gy) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1–2 Gy | 2–6 Gy | 6–8 Gy | 8–30 Gy | > 30 Gy | ||
Immediate | Nausea and vomiting | 5–50% | 50–100% | 75–100% | 90–100% | 100% |
Time of onset | 2–6 h | 1–2 h | 10–60 min | < 10 min | Minutes | |
Duration | < 24 h | 24–48 h | < 48 h | < 48 h | — (patients die in < 48 h) | |
Diarrhea | None | None to mild (< 10%) | Heavy (> 10%) | Heavy (> 95%) | Heavy (100%) | |
Time of onset | — | 3–8 h | 1–3 h | < 1 h | < 1 h | |
Headache | Slight | Mild to moderate (50%) | Moderate (80%) | Severe (80–90%) | Severe (100%) | |
Time of onset | — | 4–24 h | 3–4 h | 1–2 h | < 1 h | |
Fever | None | Moderate increase (10–100%) | Moderate to severe (100%) | Severe (100%) | Severe (100%) | |
Time of onset | — | 1–3 h | < 1 h | < 1 h | < 1 h | |
CNS function | No impairment | Cognitive impairment 6–20 h | Cognitive impairment > 24 h | Rapid incapacitation | Seizures, tremor, ataxia, lethargy | |
Latent period | 28–31 days | 7–28 days | < 7 days | None | None | |
Illness | Mild to moderate Leukopenia Fatigue Weakness |
Moderate to severe Leukopenia Purpura Hemorrhage Infections Alopecia after 3 Gy |
Severe leukopenia High fever Diarrhea Vomiting Dizziness and disorientation Hypotension Electrolyte disturbance |
Nausea Vomiting Severe diarrhea High fever Electrolyte disturbance Shock |
— (patients die in < 48h) | |
Mortality | Without care | 0–5% | 5–95% | 95–100% | 100% | 100% |
With care | 0–5% | 5–50% | 50–100% | 99–100% | 100% | |
Death | 6–8 weeks | 4–6 weeks | 2–4 weeks | 2 days – 2 weeks | 1–2 days | |
Table source[1] |
- ^ "Radiation Exposure and Contamination - Injuries; Poisoning - Merck Manuals Professional Edition". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Retrieved 2017-09-06.