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Jorge del Carmen Valenzuela Torres (23 August 1938 – 30 April 1963), popularly known as "El Chacal de Nahueltoro" (The Jackal of Nahueltoro),[1] was a Chilean farmer and mass murderer who killed his partner and his five stepchildren in what the Investigations Police of Chile has called one of the most important crimes of twentieth century Chile.[2] After spending almost 3 years in prison, he was sentenced to execution by firing squad, which was carried out in 1963. His execution sparked an important debate in Chilean society, questioning the legitimacy of executing a man who had shown regret and rehabilitation.[3]
The Jackal of Nahueltoro | |
|---|---|
 Valenzuela during his September 1960 arrest | |
| Born | Jorge del Carmen Valenzuela Torres 23 August 1938 Cocharcas, Chile |
| Died | 30 April 1963 (aged 24) Chillán, Chile |
| Cause of death | Execution by firing squad |
| Resting place | Cemetery of San Carlos, Chile |
| Other names | Fake names: José Jorge Castillo Torres Jorge Sandoval Espinoza José del Carmen Valenzuela Torres Aliases: El Campano ("The Bell") El Canaca ("The Chinaman") La Trucha ("The Trout") |
| Criminal status | Executed |
| Conviction(s) | Murder (6 counts) |
| Criminal penalty | Death |
| Accomplice(s) | Rosa Rivas (1960) |
| Details | |
| Victims | 6–7 |
| Date | 20 August 1960 |
| Weapon | Scythe |
Date apprehended | 19 September 1960 |
Biography
editJorge Valenzuela was born in Cocharcas, a locality in San Carlos, to Melvina Torres Mella and Carlos Alberto Valenzuela Ortiz, who died in 1943. He left his home when he was only 7, after his mother remarried with one of his father's older sons from a previous marriage.[4] From there, he lived on by walking from city to city, taking any jobs he could, often resorting to stealing animals and other goods.
Murders
editAt one point Valenzuela had been living in a house in the commune of Nahueltoro in the Ñuble Province assigned to widow Rosa Elena Rivas Acuña, aged 38, with her and the five children she had from a previous marriage to Óscar Armando Sánchez (who had died several months earlier). The owners of the house eventually evicted them due to Valenzuela's reputation as an illiterate drunk,[1] after which Valenzuela and Rivas moved to La Isla (island in the Ñuble River).
On 20 August 1960, Valenzuela was waiting for Rivas in the ranch they had built for a home. He wanted her to bring him money from her widow's pension so that he could continue his drinking with it, but Rivas was unable to get her pension because of a mechanical problem with the bus she was on.[4] When she returned without the money, he flew into a rage and killed her with a scythe. Still in the drunken rage, he killed each of her children, stomping a 6-month-old baby to death in the process.[4] After this, Valenzuela, still under the effects of alcohol, fell asleep.[5]
After waking up and seeing what he had done, he proceeded to place stones over each one of the bodies, although it is not known why.[6] He then fled the area, often using different names to prevent persecution, including "Jorge Sandoval Espinoza" and "José Jorge Castillo Torres". Valenzuela is also suspected of murdering 39-year-old Pedro Ojeda while on the run from police,[7] but he was never tried or convicted of this crime.
Several days later, Exequiel "Quelo" Dinamarca, a local landlord, found the bodies of the six victims and informed the Carabineros de Chile.[6] A month later, he was spotted in the sector or General Cruz in the commune of Pemuco, where two locals trapped him in a sack while he was in a state of sobriety and turned him over to police.
Legal process
editAfter being arrested and imprisoned Valenzuela repented, became literate, became a stronger Catholic (with the guidance of the prison priest, Eloy Parra), and learned the trade of guitar-making. His eventual execution by firing squad was considered controversial as it went against the concept of rehabilitation, of which Valenzuela was considered a prime example.[1]
In popular culture
editThe film El Chacal de Nahueltoro (1969) was based on Valenzuela's story and is considered by some to be the best Chilean film ever made.[8]
See also
edit- Jackal of Pupunahue – 20th-century Chilean mass murderer
References
edit- ^ a b c "La Cuarta: "Chacal de Nahueltoro" exterminó a conviviente y sus 5 hijos". 7 June 2006. Archived from the original on 16 February 2009. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ^ "La Tercera – Consideran al "Chacal de Nahueltoro" uno de los 100 crímenes más importantes de Chile en el siglo XX". 30 April 2009. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ^ Labra, Pedro (15 August 2003). "¿El mejor filme chileno de todos los tiempos? El chacal de Nahueltoro". Mabuse (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 August 2003. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ a b c Baeza Muñoz, Marianela Alejandra (2016). "Pena de muerte y fusilamientos públicos en el siglo XX : caso el chacal de Nahueltoro" (PDF).
- ^ "El chacal de Nahueltoro fue premiado 33 años de cárcel". Vea (in Spanish). No. 1193. 1962.
- ^ a b Torres Abarzúa, Manuel (7 June 2006). ""Chacal de Nahueltoro" exterminó a conviviente y sus 5 hijos". La Cuarta (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 16 February 2009.
- ^ "Asesino de Nahueltoro derrota a la policía".
- ^ "Littín's JACKAL OF NAHUELTORO Is Named Best Chilean Film of All-Time". Cinema Tropical. 20 June 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
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