Tianqi (simplified Chinese: 天启; traditional Chinese: 天啓; pinyin: Tiānqǐ; Wade–Giles: T'ien-ch'i; lit. 'heavenly opening'; 22 January 1621 – 4 February 1628) was the era name (nianhao) of the Tianqi Emperor, the 16th emperor of the Ming dynasty, lasting for 7 years.
On 2 October 1627 (Tianqi 7, 24th day of 8th month), the Chongzhen Emperor ascended to the throne and continued to use the Tianqi era name. The following year, the era was changed to Chongzhen.[1][2]
Art
editColorful porcelain and blue and white porcelain are the styles of this period.[3]
Comparison table
edit| Tianqi | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AD | 1621 | 1622 | 1623 | 1624 | 1625 | 1626 | 1627 |
| Sexagenary cycle | Xīnyǒu (辛酉) | Rénxū (壬戌) | Guǐhài (癸亥) | Jiǎzǐ (甲子) | Yǐchǒu (乙丑) | Bǐngyín (丙寅) | Dīngmǎo (丁卯) |
Other regimes' era names that existed during the same period
edit- China
- Tianming (天命, 1616–1626): Later Jin—era name of Nurhaci
- Tiancong (天聰, 1627–1636): Later Jin—era name of Hong Taiji
- Ruiying (瑞應, 1621–1629): Ming period—era name of She Chongming (奢崇明)
- Yitong (一統, 1622): Ming period—era name of Zheng Zhenming (鄭振明)
- Dachengxingsheng (大成興盛) (Dachengxingsheng, 大乘興勝) (1622): Ming period—era name of Xu Hongru (徐鴻儒)
- Yuanjing (元靜, 1622): Ming period—era name of Wan Side (万俟德)
- Yide (懿德, 1624): Ming period—era name of Yang Huan (楊桓) and Yang Congru (楊從儒)
- Kuanhe (寬和, 1625): Ming period—era name of Zhejiang pirates
- Vietnam
- Vĩnh Tộ (永祚, 1619–1629): Later Lê dynasty—era name of Lê Thần Tông
- Long Thái (隆泰, 1618–1625): Mạc dynasty—era name of Mạc Kính Khoan
- Japan
- Genna (元和, 1615–1624): era name of Emperor Go-Mizunoo
- Kan'ei (寛永, 1624–1644): era name of Emperor Go-Mizunoo, Empress Meishō and Emperor Go-Kōmyō
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Li, Chongzhi (December 2004). 中國歷代年號考 [Zhongguo Lidai Nianhao Kao] (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Co. p. 208. ISBN 978-7-101-02512-5.
- ^ History of Ming, Volume 23:〔天啟七年八月〕丁巳，即皇帝位。大赦天下，以明年為崇禎元年。
- ^ 藝術與建築索引典—天启[permanent dead link] 於2011 年4 月7 日查閱
Bibliography
edit- Li, Chongzhi (December 2004). 中國歷代年號考 [Zhongguo Lidai Nianhao Kao] (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Co. ISBN 7101025129.
- Deng, Hongbo (March 2005). 東亞歷史年表 [Chronology of East Asian History] (in Chinese). Taipei: National Taiwan University Program for East Asian Classics and Cultures. ISBN 9789860005189. Archived from the original on 25 August 2007. Retrieved 26 November 2021.
External links
edit- 中央研究院 兩千年中西曆轉換Archived 2018-06-15 at the Wayback Machine