The following is a timeline of the history of the city of A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
Prior to 19th century
edit- 4000-2000 BC – Burial constructions in Monte das Arcas[1]
- 3rd century BC – Castro de Elviña begins occupation.
- 62 BC – Julius Caesar came to the city (then named Brigantium) in pursuit of the metal trade, establishing commerce with what are now France, England and Portugal.
- 2nd century CE – Tower of Hercules built (approximate date).[2]
- 9th century – Björn Ironside visited Tower of Hercules looking for gold
- 911 – Bermudo II started the construction of military positions in the coast, with a defensive role. A fortress with a permanent garrison was built at Faro, in the ruins of the Tower of Hercules.
- 12th century – Igrexa de Santiago (A Coruña) (church) built.[2]
- 13th century – Royal Mint of A Coruña established.
- 1208
- Afonso IX founded again Crunia. With the privilege of disembarking and selling salt without paying taxes
- Construction of Walls of A Coruña begins.[3]
- 1302 – Colexiata de Santa María do Campo (church) built.[2]
- 1370 – A Coruña was attacked by Portuguese
- 1386 – A Coruña was attacked by Portuguese again
- 1397 – Walls of A Coruña were rebuilt after portuguese attacks
- 15th century – City renamed "A Coruña".[2]
- 16th century – Palacio de Capitanía de A Coruña is built[4]
- 1501 – Catherine of Aragon departs from Port of A Coruña to marry Arthur, Prince of Wales and become Queen of England.
- 1563 – A Coruña becomes capital of Galicia, when Philip II granted the city the headquarters of the captaincy and the audience[5]
- 1588 – Spanish Armada sails from A Coruña with the purpose of invading England.[6]
- 1589 – The Siege of Coruña by the English Armada. Maria Pita lead defense of the city.
- 1595 – Castelo de Santo Antón (fort) finished (began in 1587).[2]
- 1598 – Coruna sacked by English forces.[7]
- 1693 – Igrexa de San Xurxo (A Coruña) (church) built (approximate date).[2]
- 1722 – A Coruña Aqueduct is built[8]
- 1748 – Palacio de Capitanía de A Coruña is rebuilt[4]
- 1764 – Royal Maritime Posts of America created, growing in the port and commercial field.
- 1765 – Academia de Agricultura del reino de Galicia (learned society) established.[9]
- 1775 – Royal Audience of Galicia builds the Archive of the Kingdom of Galicia
- 1785 – Consulado (merchant guild) established.[10]
- 1790 – Consulado creates first public library in the city following principles of enlightenment.[11][12]
19th century
edit- 1804 – Fábrica Nacional de Cigarros (National Cigar Factory) created.
- 1805 – First stable printing press stablished[13]
- 1809 – 16 January: Battle of Corunna.[7]
- 1820 – A Coruña "joined the revolutionary movement."[7]
- 1823 – City taken by French forces.[14]
- 1835 – Deputación da Coruña (provincial governing body) established.
- 1836 – A Coruña "captured by the Carlists."[7]
- 1841 – Teatro Nuevo (theatre) built on the Rúa Real (A Coruña).
- 1842 – Population: 19,415.[15]
- 1854 – Gas lighting network is created.[16]
- 1858 – First telegraph line between Rioseco (León) and A Coruña[17][18]
- 1862 – Palacio Provincial rebuilt.[19](gl)
- 1869 – City walls partially dismantled to join neighbourhoods.
- 1880s – Electric lighting network is created.[16]
- 1882 – La Voz de Galicia newspaper begins publication.
- 1875 – First train begins circulation. A Coruña-Lugo line.[20]
- 1885 – A Coruña-Madrid train begins circulation.
- 1886 – Chamber of Commerce established.[21]
- 1900 – Population: 43,971.[22]
20th century
edit- 1901 – Marcela and Elisa marry in Igrexa de San Xurxo becoming first same-sex marriage in Spain.
- 1902 – A Coruña Aqueduct stops being used[8]
- 1903 – First tram begins circulation between Puerta Real and railway station.[23]
- 1906 – Deportivo de La Coruña (football club) formed.
- 1912
- Santa María de Oza becomes part of city.
- Palacio municipal de La Coruña (city hall) built.
- 1916
- Irmandades da Fala (political group) organized.
- Emilia Pardo Bazán monument erected in the Méndez Núñez Garden.
- 1917 – El Ideal Gallego newspaper begins publication.
- 1925 – Banco Pastor Building built becoming first skyscraper and tallest building in Spain
- 1935 – A Coruña-San Cristovo railway station built.
- 1940 – Population: 104,220.[15]
- 1943 – A Coruña-Santiago rail line inaugurated.
- 1944 – Estadio Riazor (stadium) opens.
- 1948 – First trolleybus begins circulation between Plaza de Pontevedra and Monelos.[23]
- 1960 – Population: 177,502.[15]
- 1962 – Last tram circulates, replaced by trolleybus[24]
- 1963 – A Coruña Airport is inaugurated and the first commercial flight lands (May 23)
- 1964 – A Coruña Termino train station burned in a fire.[25]
- 1965 – First urban bus line.[26]
- 1967 – Dique de Abrigo (Shelter Dam) is inaugurated
- 1968 – Museo Arqueolóxico e Histórico Castelo de Santo Antón (museum) established.
- 1970 – Pazo dos Deportes de Riazor (arena) opens.
- 1973 – Hercón Tower built becoming tallest building in Galicia (119 meters).
- 1975 – First Zara store opens its doors.
- 1979 – Last trolleybus operates in the city[26]
- 1981 – Population: 232,356.[15]
- 1989 – University of A Coruña established.[27]
- 1991 – Coliseum da Coruña and Centro Galego de Artes da Imaxe (film archive) open.
- 1992
- Orquesta Sinfónica de Galicia (orchestra) formed.
- Aegean Sea tanker oil spill
- A Coruña Sea Promenade inaugurated.
- 1994 – Ronda de Outeiro (Second Ring Road) finished.
- 1995 – Domus (museum) opens.
- 1998 – Festival Mozart begins.
- 1999 – Aquarium Finisterrae opens.
- 2000
- La Opinión A Coruña newspaper begins publication.
- SuperDepor wins La Liga.
21st century
edit- 2001 – R (cable operator) begins operations and spreads fiber optic network across the city.
- 2002 – Estación de Elviña-Universidad (railway station) opens in San Vicente de Elviña.
- 2007 – Elevador del Monte de San Pedro begins operating.
- 2009 – Bicicoruña public bicycle sharing system created.[28]
- 2011 – Population: 245,053.[15]
- 2012 – National Museum of Science and Technology (MUNCYT) opens.
- 2015
- Xulio Ferreiro becomes mayor.
- Third Ring Road opens.
- 2019 – Bike lanes reach 35 km[29]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Coruña, Ayuntamiento de A. Coruña / Concello da. "La línea del tiempo". Castro de Elviña. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f María Dolores Díaz Vaquero, "La Coruña", Oxford Art Online Retrieved 26 October 2016
- ^ "La pequeña historia de las murallas de la ciudad", El Ideal Gallego (in Spanish), 24 May 2015
- ^ a b Coruña, Ayuntamiento de A. Coruña / Concello da. "Palacio de Capitanía Xeral". Cultura Coruña. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Muruais, Perfecto Conde (20 April 1978). "Santiago y La Coruña se disputan la capitalidad de Galicia". El País. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Britannica Concise Encyclopedia (Revised and Expanded ed.). Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2006. pp. 1, 104. ISBN 978-1-59339-293-2.
- ^ a b c d Britannica 1910.
- ^ a b "El punto de abastecimiento de agua de la ciudad entre 1722 y 1902". La Opinión de A Coruña. 4 May 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Braulio Antón Ramírez, ed. (1865). "Sociedades economicas del reino". Diccionario de bibliografía agronómica (in Spanish). Madrid: Manuel Rivadeneyra. pp. 390–409. hdl:2027/ucm.5309027638 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680
- ^ "La biblioteca de la Ilustración". La Voz de Galicia. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Coruña, Gemma Malvido | A. (6 December 2009). "La casa de los saberes". La Opinión de A Coruña. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "La primera imprenta estable empezó a trabajar en 1805". La Voz de Galicia. 14 September 2005. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Baedeker 1913.
- ^ a b c d e "Alterations to the municipalities in the Population Censuses since 1842: 15030 Coruña, A". Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain). Retrieved 26 October 2016.
- ^ a b "LA TRANSICIÓN ENERGÉTICA EN LAS CIUDADES DE GALICIA. DEL GAS A LA ELECTRICIDAD, 1850-1936" (PDF). Ub.edu. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ VILAGARCÍA, VÍCTOR VIANA- (4 November 2012). "Vilagarcía, primer municipio de la comarca en instalar el telégrafo". Faro de Vigo. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Bahamonde Magro, Ángel; Martínez Lorente, Gaspar; Otero Carvajal, Luis Enrique (1993). "La evolución del telégrafo en España, 1800-1936". Las comunicaciones en la construcción del Estado contemporáneo en España. 1700-1936. Madrid: Ministerio de Obras Públicas, Transportes y Medio Ambiente. ISBN 84-7433-949-9.
- ^ Pedro Navascués (1984), "La arquitectura gallega del siglo XIX", Obradoiro (in Spanish), no. 5, Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Galicia, pp. 1–36, ISSN 0211-6065
- ^ Archived 2013-10-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Cámara Oficial de Comercio, Industria, Servicios y Navegación de A Coruña". Camaracoruna.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 October 2016.
- ^ "Spain". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1910. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368408 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ a b "Compañía de Tranvías de La Coruña | Más de 100 años de historia". Tranviascoruna.com. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Galegas, Páxinas. "Fiestas en A Coruña, ferias, romerías y festivales". Paxinasgalegas.es. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ "San Cristóbal, 80 años más tarde". La Voz de Galicia. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ a b "Compañía de Tranvías de La Coruña | Más de 100 años de historia". Tranviascoruna.com. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ Walter Rüegg, ed. (2011). "Universities founded in Europe between 1945 and 1995". Universities Since 1945. History of the University in Europe. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 576+. ISBN 978-1-139-49425-0.
- ^ "El servicio Bicicoruña se estrenó ayer con más de cien usuarios". La Voz de Galicia. 16 July 2009. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ "A Coruña: bike lanes double the existing network in 2015". Ciudadesporlabicicleta.org. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia and Galician Wikipedia.
Bibliography
editin English
edit- Josiah Conder (1830), "Corunna", The Modern Traveller, London: J.Duncan
- Richard Ford (1890), "Corunna", Handbook for Travellers in Spain, vol. 1 (7th ed.), London: J. Murray, p. 208
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 208–209.
- "Corunna", Spain and Portugal (4th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913, hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5q81nw29 – via HathiTrust
- Patrick O'Flanagan (2008). "Corunna". Port Cities of Atlantic Iberia, c.1500-1900. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-6109-2.
in Spanish
edit- Enrique de Vedia y Goossens (1845). Historia y descripción de la ciudad de La Coruña (in Spanish). La Coruña: Imp. Domingo Puga.
- Pascual Madoz, ed. (1847). "Coruña". Diccionario geográfico-estadístico-histórico de España y sus posesiones de Ultramar (in Spanish). Vol. 7. Madrid. pp. 42–126. hdl:2027/uc1.32106019734455.
- J. R. Barreiro Fernández (1986). Historia de la ciudad de La Coruña (in Spanish). La Coruña.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of A Coruña.
- "Archivo Municipal de A Coruña" (in Spanish). Ayuntamiento de La Coruña. (city archives)
- Items related to A Coruña, various dates (via Europeana)