Timeline of Almaty

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Almaty, Almaty Province, Kazakhstan.

19th century

1854 – Fort Zailiyskoe erected and then renamed Fort Vernoe ("Loyal").
1867 – The settlement around the fortress officially renamed Verny.
1870s – Panfilov Park laid out.^[1]
1871 – Population: 12,000.^[2]
1884 – Synagogue established.^[3]
1887 – 9 June: A magnitude 7.3 earthquake affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme),^[4] destroying the city and fort. Brick construction was subsequently banned in favor of wood and adobe as more earthquake resistant.

20th century

1907 – Ascension Cathedral built.
1910 – Population: 24,798.^[5]
1911 – 3 January: An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.7–8.7 affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X–XI (Extreme), causing 450 deaths,^[4] although the avoidance of brick in construction proved helpful.
1914 – Population: 36,000.^[6]
1918 – Soviets in power; city becomes part of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
1921 – Verny renamed Alma-Ata ("Father of Apples").^[7]
1927 – Capital of the Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic relocates to Alma-Ata from Kyzylorda.
1928 – Kazakh State Theatre relocates to Alma-Ata.^[8]
1930 – Turkestan-Siberia Railway begins operating.^{[citation needed]}
1931 – Central State Museum of Kazakhstan^[9] and National Library of Kazakhstan established.^[10]
1934
- Abay Opera House and Kazakh State University open.
- Alma-Ata Documentary Film Studio established.^[11]
- Uighur Music and Drama theatre group founded.^[8]
1935
- Almaty Airport built.
- National Art Gallery opens.^[9]
1936
- City becomes capital of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.
- Almaty Zoo opens.
1939 – Population: 230,528.^[12]
1941 – Central United Film Studio established.^[11]
1944 – Alma-Ata Studio for Feature and Documentary Films established.^[11]
1946 – Kurmangazy Conservatory established.^{[citation needed]}
1949 – Almaty District Library established.^[10]
1951 – Medeo skating rink opens.
1954 – Lokomotiv Almaty football club formed.
1958 – Almaty Central Stadium opens.
1960 – Republican Scientific-Technical Library established.^[9]
1963 – Korean Theatre relocates to Almaty.^[13]
1967 – Kok Tobe cable car begins operating.^{[citation needed]}
1970 – Hotel Kazakhstan built.
1972 – Medeu Dam built.
1978
- Republican Book Museum opens.^[9]
- September: International Conference on Primary Health Care held.
1979 – Population: 975,000.^[14]
1980 – Kazakhstan National Museum of Instruments founded.^[9]
1983 – Almaty Tower built.
1985 – Population: 1,068,000 (estimate).^[15]
1986 – December: Jeltoqsan protests against Soviet regime.^[16]
1989 – Voice of Asia lip synching contest begins.^{[citation needed]}
1991
- 21 December: Alma-Ata Protocol signed, establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States.
- City becomes capital of independent Republic of Kazakhstan.
1992
- Karavan begins publication.^[17]
- Central State Archives of Recent History headquartered in city.^[9]
- Akhmetzhan Yesimov becomes head of Alma-Ata regional government.^[18]
1993
- Alma-Ata officially renamed Almaty.^[19]
- Kazakh Interbank Currency Exchange headquartered in Almaty.^[20]
- Kazakhskaya Pravda in publication.^[17]
- Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies founded.^[21]
- Population: 1,176,000 (estimate).^[22]
1995 – Katelco established.
1997
- Kazakh capital moved from Almaty to Astana.^[16]
- Zamanbek Nurkadilov becomes governor of the Almaty region.^{[citation needed]}
1998 – Mukhtar Auezov Museum-House built.^[23]
2000
- Respublika (Kazakh newspaper) begins publication.
- Football Club Tsesna formed.

21st century

2001 – Public Policy Research Center, and Center for Foreign Policy and Analysis founded.^[21]
2003 – International Institute for Modern Politics founded.^[21]
2006 – Protest.^[24]
2007 – Almaty Cup tennis tournament begins.
2008
- Haileybury Almaty school founded.
- Akhmetzhan Yessimov becomes mayor.
2009 – Population: 1,365,105.^[25]
2011
- Almaty Metro begins operating.
- 2011 Asian Winter Games held.
2012 – Population: 1,472,866.
2013
- January: Airplane crash near city kills at least 20 people. No survivors reported.^[26]
- City hosts P5+1-Iran meetings.^[27]
2014 – Economic protest.^[28]
2015 – Baibek Bauyrzhan becomes mayor.

References

^ "Almaty". Kazakhstan. Lonely Planet. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ Alexander Petzholdt (1878). "Zur Literatur uber Russisch-Turkestan". Russische Revue (in German). 13. St. Petersburg. OCLC 15861931. Wernoje
^ Encyclopedia of the Jewish diaspora, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2008, ISBN 9781851098736
^ ^a ^b National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972), Significant Earthquake Database, National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
^ Britannica 1910.
^ Russia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163, Vyerni
^ Adrian Room (2006), Placenames of the World (2nd ed.), Jefferson, NC: McFarland
^ ^a ^b Natasha Rapoport (2001), "Kazakhstan", in Don Rubin; et al. (eds.), World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific, Routledge, ISBN 9780415260879
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Leslie Champeny (2010), "Kazakhstan: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127
^ ^a ^b World Guide to Libraries (25th ed.), De Gruyter Saur, 2011, ISBN 9783110230710
^ ^a ^b ^c Peter Rollberg (2009), Historical dictionary of Russian and Soviet cinema, Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, ISBN 9780810860728
^ Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Mass., USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M
^ Hae-Kyung Um, ed. (2005), Diasporas and Interculturalism in Asian Performing Arts, RoutledgeCurzon, ISBN 9780700715862
^ Henry W. Morton; Robert C. Stuart, eds. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289. Alma-Ata{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ ^a ^b "Kazakhstan Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 17 January 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ ^a ^b "WorldCat". Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ "Akim". Almaty City. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ "History of Almaty". Almaty City. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ "Kazakhstan Stock Exchange". Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ ArchNet.org. "Almaty". Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ Alexander 2007.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.
^ "Passenger plane crashes near Kazakh city of Almaty". BBC News. 29 January 2013.
^ David M. Herszenhorn (7 April 2013). "Negotiators Find in Kazakhstan the Perfect Place to Disagree". New York Times. Retrieved 9 April 2013.
^ "Kazakhstan: Devaluation, Demonstrations, and Lacy Underwear". Global Voices. 4 March 2014.

Bibliography

Lansdell, Henry (1885). "From Altyn-Immel to Vierny". Russian Central Asia, including Kuldja, Bokhara, Khiva and Merv. London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington.
Ralph Patteson Cobbold (1900), "Vierny to Balkash", Innermost Asia, London: W. Heinemann, OCLC 2398669
"Vyernyi" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 222.
Catherine Alexander (2007). "Almaty: Rethinking the Public Sector". In Catharine Alexander; Victor Buchli; Caroline Humphrey (eds.). Urban Life in Post-Soviet Asia. UK: Taylor & Francis.

External links

Photos of market in Almaty, 1995, by Carl Malamud

43°16′39″N 76°53′45″E / 43.2775°N 76.895833°E / 43.2775; 76.895833

[planet-1] "Almaty". Kazakhstan. Lonely Planet. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[2] Alexander Petzholdt (1878). "Zur Literatur uber Russisch-Turkestan". Russische Revue (in German). 13. St. Petersburg. OCLC 15861931. Wernoje

[3] Encyclopedia of the Jewish diaspora, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2008, ISBN 9781851098736

[NGDC-4] National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972), Significant Earthquake Database, National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-5] Britannica 1910.

[6] Russia, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1914, OCLC 1328163, Vyerni

[7] Adrian Room (2006), Placenames of the World (2nd ed.), Jefferson, NC: McFarland

[rubin2001-8] Natasha Rapoport (2001), "Kazakhstan", in Don Rubin; et al. (eds.), World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Asia/Pacific, Routledge, ISBN 9780415260879

[bates2010-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Leslie Champeny (2010), "Kazakhstan: Libraries, Archives and Museums", in Marcia J. Bates (ed.), Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, ISBN 9780849397127

[saur2011-10] World Guide to Libraries (25th ed.), De Gruyter Saur, 2011, ISBN 9783110230710

[rollbert2009-11] Peter Rollberg (2009), Historical dictionary of Russian and Soviet cinema, Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, ISBN 9780810860728

[webster1960-12] Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Mass., USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M

[13] Hae-Kyung Um, ed. (2005), Diasporas and Interculturalism in Asian Performing Arts, RoutledgeCurzon, ISBN 9780700715862

[Morton1984-14] Henry W. Morton; Robert C. Stuart, eds. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.

[15] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289. Alma-Ata{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[bbc-timeline-16] "Kazakhstan Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 17 January 2012. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[worldcat-17] "WorldCat". Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[18] "Akim". Almaty City. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[19] "History of Almaty". Almaty City. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[20] "Kazakhstan Stock Exchange". Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[fpri-21] "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[22] United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[archnet-23] ArchNet.org. "Almaty". Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: MIT School of Architecture and Planning. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[FOOTNOTEAlexander2007-24] Alexander 2007.

[25] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.

[26] "Passenger plane crashes near Kazakh city of Almaty". BBC News. 29 January 2013.

[27] David M. Herszenhorn (7 April 2013). "Negotiators Find in Kazakhstan the Perfect Place to Disagree". New York Times. Retrieved 9 April 2013.

[28] "Kazakhstan: Devaluation, Demonstrations, and Lacy Underwear". Global Voices. 4 March 2014.

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Timeline of Almaty

Contents

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Bibliography

External links