The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Erbil, Kurdistan Region.
Prior to 20th century
edit- 1232 - Mudhafaria Minaret built.[1]
- 1870 - Mustafa Agha became first Director Municipality of Erbil .[2]
- 1883 - Sheikh Choli Mosque built .[3]
20th century
edit- 1918 – Erbil occupied by British forces on November
- 1923 - Ahmed Othman became first Governor of Erbil.[4]
- 1930 - Erbil al-Aulla School established .[5]
- 1943 - Library of Erbil established .[6]
- 1966 - 7 September: Erbil Chamber of Commerce founded .[7]
- 1968
- 1981 - Salahaddin University moved to Erbil from Sulaymaniyah .[10]
- 1991 - 11 March: People in the Erbil attacked the Iraqi military bases and stormed government buildings and took control of the City and inflicted heavy damage on government forces[11]
- 1992 - City becomes capital of the Kurdistan Region[4]
- 1996
- Erbil Polytechnic University founded.[12]
- 31 August: City occupied by forces of Iraqi Republican Guard.[13]
21st century
edit
- 2001 - Politician Franso Hariri assassinated .[14]
- 2004
- 1 February: Bombings .[15]
- Kurdish Textile Museum established .[16]
- 2005
- Hawler Medical University founded .[17]
- 4 May : bombing.[18]
- 7 July: Erbil International Airport opens .[19]
- 2006 - University of Kurdistan Hewler established .[20]
- 2007
- Jalil Khayat Mosque built.[21]
- 9 May: Bombing.[22]
- 2013 - 29 September: Bombings.[23]
- 2014 - 19 November: Bombing.[24]
- 2015 - 17 April: Car Bomb Explodes Outside US Consulate.[25]
- 2017 - 29 October: Protesters storm Iraqi Kurdistan parliament after Barzani announces resignation[26]
- 2018
- 23 July: Erbil governorate building attack by unknown Gunmen .[27]
- 4 August: Fire destroys Qaysari Bazaar .[28]
- 25 October: Fire destroys Second-hand shops .[29]
- 2020 - 30 September: Erbil International Airport rocket attacks[30]
- 2021
- 2022
- 2024
References
edit- ^ Al-Sabaah Newspaper, مديرية بلدية اربيل.
- ^ Hawler Government, January 24, 2020.
- ^ "مسجد جولي في أربيل.. تاريخ وموائد رمضانية مجانية". Asharq Al-Awsat Newspaper. 7 July 2015.
- ^ a b "Erbil History". Hawler Government Website.
- ^ School,متحف أرشيف تربية اربيل.
- ^ "Library of Hawler-Zaytun". Hawler Government Website.
- ^ "Erbil Chamber of Commerce History". Erbil Chamber of Commerce and Industry Website.
- ^ Hawler Governorate,Gilkand Park.
- ^ About Erbil Sport Club, October 19, 2017.
- ^ University History,.
- ^ ذكرى انتفاضة أربيل 1991, March 15, 2018.
- ^ Erbil Polytechnic University,.
- ^ "للتاريخ فقط لا غير.. إجتياح حرس صدام الجمهوري لأربيل عام 1996؟". Elaph Newspaper. 2 September 2010. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
- ^ Ekurds,.
- ^ RUDAW TV, February 15, 2018.
- ^ Brandkri, June 10, 2020.
- ^ University Overview,.
- ^ Jaff, Warzer; Oppel Jr., Richard A. (May 5, 2005). "60 Kurds Killed by Suicide Bomb in Northern Iraq". The New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
- ^ Erbil International Airport,.
- ^ "University of Kurdistan Hewlêr". UKH.
- ^ "World Beautiful Mosques Pictures". www.beautifulmosque.com. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
- ^ "Truck bomb kills 19, wounds 70 in Iraqi Kurdistan's capital". Ekurd. 9 May 2007. Retrieved 9 May 2007.
- ^ "انفجارات تستهدف عاصمة إقليم كردستان "الآمن"". DW News. 29 September 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
- ^ "Deadly blast near governor's office in Iraqi Kurdish capital". France24. 19 November 2014. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
- ^ "Erbil Blast: Car Bomb Explodes Outside U.S. Consulate in Iraq, Official Says". NBC News. 17 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
- ^ "Iraqi Kurds Storm Parliament After Leader Steps Down". Voa News. 29 October 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
- ^ "Iraq: Deadly standoff in Erbil governorate building ends". ALJAZEERA TV. 23 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
- ^ "حريق في سوق قيصري قرب القلعة الأثرية في أربيل". Kurdistan TV. 5 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
- ^ "Fire tears through commercial district of Iraq's Erbil". Anadolu Agency. 5 August 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
- ^ "Rockets strike Iraqi base where US troops are located, US defense official says". CNN TV. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ "بالصور"متحف الأوهام" بأربيل يأسر زواره بالإثارة والخيال والغموض". Kurdistan 24. January 31, 2021.
- ^ U.S. Department of State, February 15, 2021.
- ^ "Opening of Erbil's Armenian Cultural Center". Kurdistan Regional Government Website. 24 February 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ Reuters, April 14, 2021.
- ^ "Fire breaks out in Erbil mall damaging scores of businesses". Rudaw. 25 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.
- ^ "Explosive-laden drone hit Erbil airport in Iraq, aimed at U.S. base -security sources". Reuters. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- ^ The National News,Two university professors killed in shooting in Iraq’s Erbil.
- ^ Zagros Newsمرّة أخرى.. النار تلتهم عشرات المحال التجارية بسوق اللنكة وسط أربيل.
- ^ Rudaw News, اندلاع حريق في سوق "قيصري" وسط أربيل .