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Timeline of Syrian history

This is a timeline of Syrian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Syria and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Syria.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Millennia: 1st BC · 1st–2nd · 3rd
Centuries: 1st · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th · 6th · 7th · 8th · 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th · 16th · 17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · See also · Further reading

1st century BC

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Year Date Event
64 BC Syria became a Roman (later Byzantine) province.
40 BC Syria is briefly captured by the Parthian forces under Pacorus I

1st century

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Syria is not

2nd century

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198 Emperor Septimius Severus divided Syria into two provinces called Coele Syria and Syria Phoenice.[1]

3rd century

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4th century

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5th century

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6th century

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Year Date Event
526 The 526 Antioch earthquake and conflagration destroyed most of the city.

7th century

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Year Date Event
614 Syria fell to the Sasanian forces under Shahrbaraz
636 Byzantine rule over Syria came to an end.
661 The reign of the Umayyad Caliphate began.

8th century

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Year Date Event
750 The reign of the Umayyad Caliphate ended.

9th century

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10th century

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Year Date Event
977 Fatimid Caliph Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah conquered Ramla.
994 The Hamdanid dynasty came to power over Syria.

11th century

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Year Date Event
1097 First Crusade: The forces of the First Crusade captured Antioch.

‘'Poet 'Al Maari' writes 'The Epistle of Forgiveness' amongst other great works.'’

12th century

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13th century

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Year Date Event
1260 1 March Hulagu Khan, grandson of Genghis, conquered Damascus.
1260 September Baibars, Mamluk Sultan, wages war with the Mongols to recapture Damascus and Aleppo.[2]

14th century

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15th century

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Year Date Event
1485 The Ottomans invade Anatolia and Syria, starting the first Ottoman–Mamluk War (1485–1491).
1491 The Ottoman–Mamluk War (1485–1491) ends in a stalemate. A peace treaty is signed, returning Mamluk control to the pre-war status quo.

16th century

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Year Date Event
1516 The Ottoman Empire established its rule over Syria.

17th century

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18th century

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19th century

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Massacre of Aleppo 1860 Mount Lebanon civil war

20th century

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Year Date Event
1918 The Ottoman Empire's rule over Syria came to an end.
1 October The Allies of World War I, joined by Arab nationalists, entered Damascus.
1920 April San Remo conference: The conference partitioned the Ottoman Empire, establishing a French mandate in Syria and Lebanon.
1925 July Great Syrian Revolt: Revolts started against French rule.
1936 The Franco-Syrian Treaty of Independence (1936) was signed.
1939 The monks of Alexandretta and Antioch were ceded to Turkey by the French.
1946 1 January Syria was recognized as an independent republic.
1946 17 April French troops evacuated Syria.
1947 The first Baʿth Party congress was held in Damascus.
1948 1948 Arab–Israeli War: Syria was involved in the war.
1958 1 February The United Arab Republic (UAR) was formed by the union of Syria and Egypt.
1961 28 September Following a military coup Syria seceded from the UAR, reestablishing itself as the Syrian Arab Republic.
1967 5 June Six-Day War: A war with Israel began.
Six-Day War: The Golan Heights were occupied by Israel.
1970 13 November Minister of Defense Hafiz al-Assad effected a bloodless military coup and assumed the role of President.
1973 6 October Yom Kippur War: Syria and Egypt fought against Israel.
1974 May Syria and Israel signed a disengagement agreement.
1976 Syrian occupation of Lebanon: The Syrian occupation of Lebanon began.
1982 February A Muslim Brotherhood uprising in Hama was suppressed by the military.
1990 Syria participated in a United States-led multinational coalition against Saddam Hussein.

21st century

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Year Date Event
2000 10 June Al-Assad died.
10 July Al-Assad's son Bashar al-Assad was made President.
2003 5 October Ain es Saheb airstrike: Israel bombed a site near Damascus.
2005 Syrian occupation of Lebanon: Syria withdrew from Lebanon.
2007 6 September Operation Orchard: Israel bombed a target in the area of Deir ez-Zor.
2008 October Syria established diplomatic relations with Lebanon.
2011 26 January 2011 Syrian uprising: Anti-government protests began in Syria.

See also

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Cities in Syria

References

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  1. ^ de Gueleneer, Adolphe (1874). Essai sur la vie et le règne de Septime Sévère [Essay on the Life and Reign of Septimius Severus] (in French). University of Minnesota. p. 245.
  2. ^ Cummins, Joseph (2011), p. 89. History's Greatest Wars: The Epic Conflicts that Shaped the Modern World. Fair Winds Press. ISBN 9781610580557.

Further reading

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