Wikipedia

Timeline of Yunnan-Guizhou

This is a timeline of Yunnan and Guizhou.

4th century BC

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Year Date Event
328 Chu military commander Zhuang Qiao invades Yunnan and sets up the Dian Kingdom[1]

2nd century BC

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Year Date Event
135 BC Tang Meng creates Jianwei Commandery (modern Zunyi)[1]
122 BC Emperor Wu of Han sends envoys to the southwest in search of a route to Daxia[2]
111 BC Zangke Commandery is created in modern Guiyang and Yelang is vassalized[3]
109 BC Han conquest of Dian: The Dian Kingdom and Tian Kingdom become Han vassals and Yizhou Commandery is created in modern Qujing[3]

1st century BC

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Year Date Event
86 BC Rebellion occurs in the southwest[4]
83 BC Rebellion occurs in the southwest[4]
27 BC Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[5]

1st century

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Year Date Event
12 Aboriginals in Zangke Commandery (Guizhou) rebel[5]
14 Aboriginals in Yi Province rebel[5]
45 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
51 An Ailao tribe defects to Han[7]
57 Yongchang Commandery is created in modern Kachin State[6]
69 An Ailao tribe defects to Han[7]

2nd century

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Year Date Event
107 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
116 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
123 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
146 Policy of assimilation in the southwest is implemented through education programs[4]
156 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
159 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]
176 Aboriginals rebel in the southwest[6]

3rd century

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Year Date Event
225 Zhuge Liang's Southern Campaign: Zhuge Liang conquers Nanzhong[8]

4th century

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Year Date Event
338 Cuan Chen of the Cuanman gains control over Yunnan[9]

6th century

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Year Date Event
570 Cuan Zan splits his realm into the Wuman/Black Mywa, ruled by his son Cuan Zhen, in the east and the Baiman/White Mywa, ruled by his eldest son Cuan Wan, in the west
593 The Cuanman rebel in Yunnan[9]
597 A campaign is launched against the Cuanman[9]

7th century

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Year Date Event
602 Sui defeats the Cuanman[9]

8th century

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Year Date Event
703 Tridu Songtsen of the Tibetan Empire subjugates the White and Black Mywa[10]
737 Piluoge (皮羅閣) unites the six zhaos (kingdoms) of the White Mywa with Tang support[11]
751 Xianyu Zhongtong attacks Nanzhao with an army of 80,000 but is utterly defeated, losing three quarters of his original force[12]
754 Yang Guozhong invades Nanzhao but fails to engage with the enemy until supplies ran out, at which time they were attacked and routed[12]

9th century

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Year Date Event
801 Tang and Nanzhao defeat Tibetan Empire and their Abbasid slave soldiers[13]
829 Nanzhao takes Chengdu and captures 20,000 Chinese engineers[14]
846 Nanzhao raids Annam[15]
861 Nanzhao attacks Bo Prefecture and Annam but is repulsed.[16]
863 Nanzhao conquers Annam[17]
866 Gao Pian retakes Annam from Nanzhao[17]
869 Nanzhao lays siege to Chengdu but fails to capture it[18]
870 Nanzhao lays siege to Chengdu (in Sichuan)[17]
877 Nanzhao retreats from Qianzhong Circuit in modern Guizhou[18]

10th century

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Year Date Event
902 Zheng Maisi murders the king of Nanzhao and sets up his own Dachanghe regime[9]
928 Zhao Shanzhen kills the king of Dachanghe and sets up Datianxing[9]
929 Yang Hefeng removes Zhao Shanzhen and sets up Dayining[9]
937 Duan Siping defeats Dayining and creates the Dali Kingdom[9]
967 Long Yanyao of Nanning, the Yang clan of Bo Prefecture, and the Tian clan of Si Prefecture submit to the Song dynasty in return for their autonomy[19]
Song dynasty recognizes the Bole of the Luodian kingdom, the Mangbu of the Badedian kingdom, and the Awangren of the Yushi kingdom[20]
975 Emperor Taizu of Song tries to convince Pugui of the Mu'ege Kingdom situated in northwest, central, east, and southeast Guizhou to acquiesce to Song overlordship[21]
976 Song dynasty and aboriginal allies in Guizhou attack the Mu'ege Kingdom, forcing them to retreat to Dafang County[22]
980 Long Yanyao's grandson Long Qiongju presents tribute to the Emperor Taizong of Song[19]
995 Long Hanyao of Nanning presents tribute to the Song court[19]
998 Long Hanyao of Nanning presents tribute to the Song court[19]

11th century

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Year Date Event
1042 Song dynasty appoints Degai of the Mu'ege Kingdom as regional inspector[22]
1043 The Yao people of Guiyang rebel[23]
1049 Nong Zhigao of the Zhuang people rebels in Guangnan West Circuit[23]
1051 The Yao rebellion of Guiyang is suppressed[23]
1053 Nong Zhigao's rebellion is suppressed[23]

12th century

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Year Date Event
1133 Ayong of the Mu'ege Kingdom leads a large trade delegation of several thousand to the Song city of Luzhou in Sichuan[20]

13th century

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Year Date Event
1208 Yao people rebel in Jinghu and are suppressed[24]
1252 summer Möngke Khan places Kublai Khan in charge of the invasion of the Dali Kingdom[25]
1253 September Kublai Khan's forces set up headquarters on the Jinsha River in western Yunnan and march on Dali in three columns[25]
1254 January The Dali Kingdom is conquered, although its dynasty remains in power, and the king, Duan Xingzhi, is later invested with the title of Maharajah by Möngke Khan; so ends the Dali Kingdom[26]
winter Kublai Khan returns to Mongolia and leaves Subutai's son Uryankhadai in charge of campaigns against local Yi tribes[26]
1257 Uriyangkhadai, son of Subutai, pacifies Yunnan and returns to Gansu[26]
winter Mongol invasions of Vietnam: Uriyangkhadai returns to Yunnan and invades the Trần dynasty of Đại Việt[26]

14th century

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Year Date Event
1332 March War of the Two Capitals: Loyalist rebels in Yunnan are defeated[27]
1360 Basalawarmi takes control of Yunnan[28]
1381 December Ming conquest of Yunnan: Ming forces take Qujing[29]
1382 April Ming conquest of Yunnan: Ming forces conquer Yunnan[30]
1386 January Ming–Mong Mao War: Si Lunfa of Mong Mao rebels[31]
1388 Ming–Mong Mao War: Mong Mao is defeated by the Ming artillery corps utilizing volley fire[32]
1389 January Ming forces defeat Yi rebels in Yuezhou[33]
December Ming–Mong Mao War: Si Lunfa surrenders to the Ming dynasty[33]
1397 December Ming–Mong Mao Intervention: Si Lunfa is deposed and requests Ming aid in restoring him to power[34]
1398 January Ming–Mong Mao Intervention: Si Lunfa is restored to power[35]

15th century

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Year Date Event
1438 8 December Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming carries out a punitive expedition against Si Renfa of Mong Mao for attacking neighboring tusi, but fails to defeat him[36]
1441 27 February Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming forces attack Mong Mao[37]
1442 January Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Mong Mao is defeated but Si Renfa escapes to Ava[38]
1443 March Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming forces defeat Si Jifa but fail to capture him[39]
1445 August Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ava hands over Si Renfa to Ming in return for their support in attacking Hsenwi[40]
1446 January Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Si Renfa is executed[40]
1449 March Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns: Ming forces invade Mong Yang for harboring Si Jifa, but he manages to escape again[41]
1450 Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Yao and Miao people rebel in Guizhou and Huguang[42]
1452 Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Yao and Miao rebels are suppressed[42]
1456 Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people in Huguang rebel and are suppressed[42]
1464 Hou Dagou of the Yao people rebels in Guangxi[43]
1466 January Ming forces defeat and capture Hou Dagou, but the rebellion continues anyway[43]
Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people rebel in Hunan as well as the Sichuan-Guizhou border and are suppressed[44]
1475 Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people rebel in Hunan and are suppressed[44]
1479 Miao rebellions under the Ming dynasty: Miao people rebel in Sichuan[45]
1499 Yi people rebel in Guizhou[46]

16th century

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Year Date Event
1502 Yi rebels in Guizhou are suppressed[46]
1589 Bozhou rebellion: Miao people rebel in Bozhou[47]
1592 14 July Ordos Campaign: Ye Mengxiong brings cannons and additional Miao troops to the siege of Ningxia[48]
1594 Bozhou rebellion: Ming forces are defeated in Sichuan[49]
1598 Bozhou rebellion: The Miao rebellion is suppressed[49]

17th century

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Year Date Event
1606 Army officers in Yunnan riot and kill Yang Rong, a eunuch superintendent of mining[50]
1621 fall She-An Rebellion: Yi people rebel in Sichuan and Guizhou[51]
1623 She-An Rebellion: Ming forces are defeated[51]
1624 She-An Rebellion: Ming forces defeat rebels but are unable to decisively quell the rebellion[51]
1629 She-An Rebellion: The rebels are defeated[51]
1656 March The Yongli Emperor arrives in Yunnan[52]
1657 October Sun Kewang's forces are defeated by Li Dingguo in eastern Yunnan and he retreats to Guizhou[52]
1659 7 January Qing forces advance into Yunnan and the Yongli Emperor flees to Toungoo dynasty[53]
10 March Qing forces capture Yongchang and defeat Li Dingguo's army, securing Yunnan[53]
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References

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  1. ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 457.
  2. ^ Watson 1993, p. 236.
  3. ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 458.
  4. ^ a b c Twitchett 2008, p. 459.
  5. ^ a b c Twitchett 2008, p. 235.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Twitchett 2008, p. 460.
  7. ^ a b Twitchett 2008, p. 272.
  8. ^ Xiong 2009, p. lxxxviii.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h Yang 2008a.
  10. ^ Beckwith 1987, p. 64.
  11. ^ Wang 2013, p. 103.
  12. ^ a b Graff 2002, p. 214.
  13. ^ Beckwith 1987, p. 157.
  14. ^ Herman 2007, pp. 33, 35.
  15. ^ Taylor 2013, p. 41.
  16. ^ Herman 2007, p. 36.
  17. ^ a b c Xiong 2009, p. cxiv.
  18. ^ a b Herman 2007, p. 37.
  19. ^ a b c d Herman 2007, p. 39.
  20. ^ a b Herman 2007, p. 43.
  21. ^ Herman 2007, p. 40.
  22. ^ a b Herman 2007, p. 42.
  23. ^ a b c d Twitchett 2009, p. 329.
  24. ^ Twitchett 2009, p. 831.
  25. ^ a b Twitchett 1994, p. 405.
  26. ^ a b c d Twitchett 1994, p. 407.
  27. ^ Twitchett 1994, p. 545.
  28. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 72.
  29. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 144.
  30. ^ Mote 2003, p. 557.
  31. ^ Liew 1996, pp. 163–164.
  32. ^ Andrade 2016, p. 158.
  33. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 160.
  34. ^ Fernquest 2006, p. 47.
  35. ^ Fernquest 2006, pp. 47–48.
  36. ^ Liew 1996, pp. 174–175.
  37. ^ Liew 1996, p. 178.
  38. ^ Liew 1996, pp. 181–182.
  39. ^ Liew 1996, p. 184.
  40. ^ a b Liew 1996, p. 185.
  41. ^ Liew 1996, p. 192.
  42. ^ a b c Twitchett 1998, p. 336.
  43. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 377.
  44. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 380.
  45. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 383.
  46. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 381.
  47. ^ Lewis 2015, p. 209.
  48. ^ Swope 2009, p. 30.
  49. ^ a b Dardess 2012, p. 9.
  50. ^ Twitchett 1998, p. 531.
  51. ^ a b c d Dardess 2012, p. 10.
  52. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 706.
  53. ^ a b Twitchett 1998, p. 707.

Bibliography

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  • Andrade, Tonio (2016), The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7.
  • Beckwith, Christopher I (1987), The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages, Princeton University Press
  • Crespigny, Rafe (2007), A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23-220 AD), Brill
  • Dardess, John (2012), Ming China 1368-1644 A Concise History of A Resilient Empire, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
  • Fernquest, John (2006), Crucible of War: Burma and the Ming in the Tai Frontier Zone (1382-1454)
  • Graff, David A. (2002), Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900, Warfare and History, London: Routledge, ISBN 0415239559
  • Graff, David Andrew (2016), The Eurasian Way of War Military Practice in Seventh-Century China and Byzantium, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-46034-7.
  • Herman, John E. (2007), Amid the Clouds and Mist China's Colonization of Guizhou, 1200–1700, Harvard University Asia Center, ISBN 978-0-674-02591-2
  • Lewis, James (2015), The East Asian War, 1592-1598: International Relations, Violence and Memory, Routledge
  • Liew, Foon Ming (1996), The Luchuan-Pingmian Campaigns (1436-1449) in the Light of Official Chinese Historiography
  • Mote, F. W. (2003), Imperial China: 900–1800, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0674012127
  • Swope, Kenneth M. (2009), A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592-1598, University of Oklahoma Press.
  • Swope, Kenneth (2014), The Military Collapse of China's Ming Dynasty, Routledge
  • Taylor, K.W. (2013), A History of the Vietnamese, Cambridge University Press
  • Twitchett, Denis (1994), The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6, Alien Regime and Border States, 907-1368, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521243319
  • Twitchett, Denis (1998), The Cambridge History of China Volume 7 The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644, Part I, Cambridge University Press
  • Twitchett, Denis (1998b), The Cambridge History of China Volume 8 The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644, Part 2, Cambridge University Press
  • Twitchett, Denis (2008), The Cambridge History of China 1, Cambridge University Press
  • Twitchett, Denis (2009), The Cambridge History of China Volume 5 The Sung dynasty and its Predecessors, 907-1279, Cambridge University Press
  • Wang, Zhenping (2013), Tang China in Multi-Polar Asia: A History of Diplomacy and War, University of Hawaii Press
  • Watson, Burton (1993), Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian: Han Dynasty II (Revised Edition, Columbia University Press
  • Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009), Historical Dictionary of Medieval China, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 978-0810860537
  • Yang, Bin (2008a), "Chapter 3: Military Campaigns against Yunnan: A Cross-Regional Analysis", Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE), Columbia University Press
  • Yang, Bin (2008b), "Chapter 4: Rule Based on Native Customs", Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE), Columbia University Press
  • Yang, Bin (2008c), "Chapter 5: Sinicization and Indigenization: The Emergence of the Yunnanese", Between Winds and Clouds: The Making of Yunnan (Second Century BCE to Twentieth Century CE), Columbia University Press
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