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Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China

(Redirected from Timeline of diplomatic relations of Taiwan)

Numerous states have ceased their diplomatic recognition of the Republic of China during the last 70 years, since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Under the One China policy, the ROC is recognized by 11 UN member states and Holy See with 59 UN member states and Somaliland maintaining unofficial cultural and economic relations.


   Republic of China
  Countries that have diplomatic relations with the ROC
  Countries that formerly had diplomatic relations with the ROC
  Countries that have never had diplomatic relations with the ROC

Timeline

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Former French Embassy to the Republic of China in Nanjing.
 
Former Mexican Embassy to the Republic of China in Nanjing.
 
Former Soviet Union Embassy to the Republic of China in Nanjing.
 
Former United Kingdom Embassy to the Republic of China in Nanjing.
 
Former United States Embassy to the Republic of China in Nanjing.

The timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China encompasses the years from 1912 to 1949 (the establishment of the People's Republic of China), and the year of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) establishments as a substitute for embassies in the absence of official diplomatic relations with the ROC.

Year State Event TECRO establishment
1912   Australia Recognition; continuation of relations began under the Qing dynasty in 1908
1912   Austria-Hungary Recognition; relations began in 1869
1912   Belgium Recognition; relations began in 1865
1912   Brazil Recognition; relations began in 1880
1912   Canada Recognition; relations began in 1909
1912   Cape Colony Recognition; relations began in 1904
1912   Cuba Recognition; relations began in 1902
1912   Denmark Recognition; relations began in 1908
1912   Italy Recognition; relations began in 1866
1912   Japan Recognition; relations began in 1871
1912   Mexico Recognition; relations began in 1899
1912   Netherlands Recognition; relations began in 1863
1912   New Zealand Recognition; continuation of relations began under the Qing dynasty in 1908
1912   Norway Recognition; relations began in 1847
1912   Portugal Recognition; relations began in 1862
1912   Sweden Recognition; relations began in 1847
1912   United Kingdom Recognition; continuation of relations begun in the Qing dynasty 1963[1]
1912   United States Recognition; continuation of relations begun in the Qing dynasty in 1844
1913   France Recognition; continuation of relations begun in the Qing dynasty
1913   Russia Recognition; relations began in 1878
1913   Germany Recognition of the establishment of the Republic of China; relations began in 1861.
1913   Peru Recognition; continuation of relations begun in the Qing dynasty in 1875
1915   Chile Diplomatic relations established
1917   Germany Diplomatic relations ceased (first time)
1918   Russia Diplomatic relations ceased (first time)
1919   Bolivia Diplomatic relations established
1919   Finland Diplomatic relations established
1919   Poland Diplomatic relations established
1921   Estonia Diplomatic relations established
1921   Germany Diplomatic relations resumed (first time)
1921   Lithuania Diplomatic relations established 2021[2][3]
1922   Panama Diplomatic re-established; relations began with the Qing dynasty in 1909.
1923   Latvia Diplomatic relations established[4] 1992 (Consulate)
1995[5][6]
1924   Soviet Union Diplomatic relations resumed (first time)
1929   Soviet Union Diplomatic relations ceased (second time)
1930   Nicaragua Diplomatic relations established
1931   Czechoslovakia Diplomatic relations established
1932   Soviet Union Diplomatic relations resumed (second time)
1933   Guatemala Diplomatic relations established
1934   Monaco Diplomatic relations established
1934   Turkey Diplomatic relations established
1937   Iran Diplomatic relations established[7]
1937   Japan Diplomatic relations ceased (Beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War)
1939   Romania Diplomatic relations established
1941   Nazi Germany Diplomatic relations ceased (second time, German diplomatic recognition of the Wang Jingwei regime)
1941   Colombia Diplomatic relations established
1941   Honduras Diplomatic relations established
1941   Italy Diplomatic relations ceased (first time, Italian diplomatic recognition of the Wang Jingwei regime)
1941   Romania Diplomatic relations ceased (Romanian diplomatic recognition of the Wang Jingwei regime)
1942   Holy See Diplomatic relations established
1942   El Salvador Diplomatic relations established
1942   Iraq Diplomatic relations established
1944   Afghanistan Diplomatic relations established
1944   Dominican Republic Diplomatic relations established
1945   Yugoslavia Diplomatic relations established
1946   Italy Diplomatic relations resumed (second time)
1946   Mongolia Recognition achieved
1946   Syria Recognition achieved
1946   Thailand Diplomatic relations established
1947   Bulgaria Diplomatic relations established
1947   Saudi Arabia Diplomatic relations established
1947   India Diplomatic relations established
1948   Burma Diplomatic relations established
1949   Israel Recognition achieved
1949   Luxembourg Diplomatic relations established
1949   South Africa Diplomatic relations resumed
1949   South Korea Diplomatic relations re-established, relations began under the Korean Empire in 1899
1949   Soviet Union Diplomatic relations ceased (third time)[8] 1993 (in Russia)[9]
1949   Czechoslovakia Diplomatic relations ceased 1991[10] (in Czech Republic)
2003[11] (in Slovakia)
1949   Poland Diplomatic relations ceased 1992?
1949   Hungary Diplomatic relations ceased 1990
1949   Albania Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1949   Bulgaria Diplomatic relations ceased
1950   Afghanistan Diplomatic relations ceased
1950   Norway Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1980[12] to 2017
1950    Switzerland Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1973[12]
1950   Finland Diplomatic relations ceased 1990[13]
1950   Sweden Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1981?
1950   Denmark Diplomatic relations ceased 1973? or 1980[14]
1950   India Diplomatic relations ceased 1995[15]
1950   Ceylon Diplomatic relations ceased
1950   Burma Diplomatic relations ceased 2015[16] or 2016[17]
1950   Indonesia Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1971
1951   Pakistan Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1952   Japan Diplomatic relations re-established (2nd time)
1953   Laos Diplomatic relations established
1953   Mongolia Recognition revoked 2002
1954   Lebanon Diplomatic relations established
1954   Netherlands Diplomatic relations ceased 1981
1955   South Vietnam Diplomatic relations established
1955   West Germany Diplomatic relations resumed (second time)
1955     Nepal Diplomatic relations ceased
1955   Yugoslavia Diplomatic relations ceased
1956   Egypt Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1956   Iran Diplomatic relations established[7]
1956   Syria Recognition withdrawn
1956   Haiti Diplomatic relations established
1957   Jordan Diplomatic relations established
1957   Paraguay Diplomatic relations established
1958   Iraq Diplomatic relations ceased
1958   Morocco Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1959   Sudan Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1960   Cuba Diplomatic relations ceased
1960   Nigeria Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1960   Guatemala Diplomatic relations established
1960   Congo-Léopoldville Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1961   El Salvador Diplomatic relations established
1961   Congo-Léopoldville Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1961   Laos Diplomatic relations ceased (first time)
1961   Upper Volta Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1961   Congo-Léopoldville Diplomatic relations resumed (1st time)
1962   Laos Diplomatic relations resumed
1962   Uganda Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1963   Niger Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1964   France Diplomatic relations ceased 1974[18]
1964   Central African Republic Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)[clarification needed]
1964   Malaysia Diplomatic relations established
1966   Malawi Diplomatic relations established
1966   Lesotho Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1968   Gambia Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1968   Central African Republic Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
1968   Swaziland Diplomatic relations established
1969   Senegal Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1970   Italy Diplomatic relations ceased (second time) 1990[19]
1970   Khmer Republic Diplomatic relations established
1970   Canada Diplomatic relations ceased 1991[20]
1970   Chile Diplomatic relations ceased 1975[21]
1971   Belgium Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1971[22]
1971   Austria Diplomatic relations ceased 1972[12]
1971   Iceland Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1971   Turkey Diplomatic relations ceased 1989?
1971   Iran Diplomatic relations ceased
1971   Kuwait Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1986
1971   Lebanon Diplomatic relations ceased
1971   Peru Diplomatic relations ceased 1978[23]
1971   Nigeria Diplomatic relations ceased 1991[24]
1972   United Kingdom Diplomatic relations ceased[25] 1963
(as "The Free Chinese Centre,
London")
1993[1]
1972   Japan Diplomatic relations ceased (second) 1972
1972   West Germany Diplomatic relations ceased (third time) 1999 (in Germany)[26]
1972   Greece Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1973
1972   Australia Diplomatic relations ceased 1992[27]
1972   New Zealand Diplomatic relations ceased 1973[28]
1972   Luxembourg Diplomatic relations ceased 1975
1972   Mexico Diplomatic relations ceased 1989?
1972   Argentina Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1995[29]
1972   Jamaica Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1972   Chad Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)[clarification needed]
1972   Zaire Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
1972   Senegal Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1973   Spain Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1973[12]
1973   Upper Volta Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1974   Malaysia Diplomatic relations ceased 1974[30]
1974   Brazil Diplomatic relations ceased 1975
1974   Venezuela Diplomatic relations ceased
1974   Niger Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1974   Gabon Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1974   Gambia Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1975   Thailand Diplomatic relations ceased 1975[31]
1975   Khmer Republic Diplomatic relations ceased 1994 to 1997
1975   South Vietnam Defeat of South Vietnam 1992 (in Vietnam)
1975   Laos Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
1975   Philippines Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1976   Central African Republic Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
1977   Jordan Diplomatic relations ceased 1977
1977   Liberia Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)[clarification needed]
1978   Libya Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1980 to 1997 (1st time)
2008 to 2011 (2nd time)
1979   United States Diplomatic relations ceased 1979[32]
1979   Portugal Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1992
1979   Colombia Diplomatic relations ceased 1980?
1979   Tuvalu Diplomatic relations established
1980   Nauru Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1980   Ecuador Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1981   Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Diplomatic relations established
1983   Dominica Diplomatic relations established
1983   Lesotho Diplomatic relations ceased (first)
1983   Solomon Islands Diplomatic relations established
1983   Saint Kitts and Nevis Diplomatic relations established
1984   United Arab Emirates Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1984?
1984   Saint Lucia Diplomatic relations established (1st time)
1985   Bolivia Diplomatic relations ceased 1990 to 2009
1985   Nicaragua Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1988   Uruguay Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed] 1992 to 2002
1989   Grenada Diplomatic relations established
1989   Liberia Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
1989   Bahamas Diplomatic relations established
1989   Belize Diplomatic relations established
1990   Saudi Arabia Diplomatic relations ceased 1990[33]
1990   Guinea-Bissau Diplomatic relations established
1990   Lesotho Diplomatic relations established (2nd time)
1990   Nicaragua Diplomatic relations resumed
1991   Central African Republic Diplomatic relations resumed (3rd time)
1991   People's Republic of China De facto recognition[34]
1992   South Korea Diplomatic relations ceased 1993? or 1994
1992   Israel Recognition withdrawn[35] 1993[36]
1992   Niger Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
1993   Liberia Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
1994   Lesotho Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
1994   Burkina Faso (formerly   Upper Volta) Diplomatic relations established (2nd time)
1995   Monaco Diplomatic relations ceased
1995   Gambia Diplomatic relations resumed
1996   Niger Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
1996   Senegal Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
1997   Bahamas Diplomatic relations ceased
1997   Chad Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
1997   Liberia Diplomatic relations resumed (3rd time)
1997   Saint Lucia Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
1997   São Tomé and Príncipe Diplomatic relations established
1998   South Africa Diplomatic relations ceased 1998[37]
1998   Central African Republic Diplomatic relations ceased (3rd time)
1998   Guinea-Bissau Diplomatic relations ceased
1998   Tonga Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
1998   Marshall Islands Diplomatic relations established
1999   Papua New Guinea Diplomatic relations maintained for 16 days[38] 1990[39]
1999   Macedonia Diplomatic relations established
1999   Palau Diplomatic relations established
2001   Macedonia Diplomatic relations ceased
2002   Nauru Diplomatic relations ceased (1st time)
2003   Liberia Diplomatic relations ceased (3rd time)
2003   Kiribati Diplomatic relations established
2004   Dominica Diplomatic relations ceased
2004   Vanuatu Diplomatic relations maintained for a week[40]
2005   Grenada Diplomatic relations ceased
2005   Nauru Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
2005   Senegal Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
2006   Chad Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
2007   Saint Lucia Diplomatic relations resumed (2nd time)
2007   Costa Rica Diplomatic relations ceased[clarification needed]
2008   Kosovo Recognition achieved
2008   Malawi Diplomatic relations ceased
2013   Gambia Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
2016   São Tomé and Príncipe Diplomatic relations ceased[41]
2017   Panama Diplomatic relations ceased
2018   Dominican Republic Diplomatic relations ceased
2018   Burkina Faso Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
2018   El Salvador Diplomatic relations ceased
2019   Solomon Islands Diplomatic relations ceased
2019   Kiribati Diplomatic relations ceased
2020   Somaliland Unofficial relations established
2021   Nicaragua Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)
2023   Honduras Diplomatic relations ceased
2024   Nauru Diplomatic relations ceased (2nd time)

See also

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ROC
PRC

References

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  1. ^ a b "Taiwan-UK Relations - Taiwan-UK relations - Taipei Representative Office in the U.K. 駐英國台北代表處". Archived from the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  2. ^ "Taiwan representation opens in Vilnius". 18 November 2021. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  3. ^ Agencies (19 November 2021). "China condemns opening of Taiwan office in Lithuania as 'egregious act'". the Guardian. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  4. ^ Lobzova, Liene. "Establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  5. ^ Tubilewicz, Czeslaw (7 August 2007). Taiwan and Post-Communist Europe: Shopping for Allies. Routledge. pp. 76–94. ISBN 9781134100842.
  6. ^ "本處與駐在國關係 (The relationship between the Department and the country)". 駐拉脫維亞代表處 Taipei Mission in the Republic of Latvia. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  7. ^ a b electricpulp.com. "CHINESE-IRANIAN RELATIONS v. Diplomatic – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org.
  8. ^ In April 1949, when Chiang Kai-shek abandoned his capital in Nanking, the Soviet ambassador - alone among the diplomatic corps - joined Chiang in his retreat to Canton (Guangzhou). Source: Eric Hobsbawm: The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991, London 1994, p. 227.
  9. ^ Tubilewicz, Czeslaw (7 August 2007). Taiwan and Post-Communist Europe: Shopping for Allies. Routledge. ISBN 9781134100842 – via Google Books.
  10. ^ [1] Archived 2007-09-18 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ [2] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ a b c d Hibou, Béatrice (28 December 2016). Privatising the State. Hurst. ISBN 9781850656890 – via Google Books.
  13. ^ [3] Archived 2014-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ "Organization - Organization - Taipei Representative Office in Denmark 駐丹麥台北代表處". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
  15. ^ [4] Archived 2015-11-20 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Myanmar opens trade office in Taiwan in bid to boost ties, The China Post, June 25, 2015
  17. ^ "TECO in Myanmar opens doors in Yangon: ministry". Taipei Times. 29 March 2016. p. 3. Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  18. ^ [5] Archived 2016-01-08 at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^ [6] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ [7] Archived 2015-11-18 at the Wayback Machine
  21. ^ [8] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ "Introduction - Introduction - Taipei Representative Office in the EU and Belgium 駐歐盟兼駐比利時代表處". Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
  23. ^ [9] Archived 2014-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ [10] Archived 2014-09-17 at archive.today
  25. ^ On 6 January 1950, the United Kingdom recognized the PRC and requested the exchange of ambassadors, but this was refused. The UK closed the Nanjing embassy and established relations with the PRC on 17 June 1954. The PRC government does not regard the semi-diplomatic relations at chargé d'affaires level as formal diplomatic ties. The UK does. The Tamsui consulate remained opened under the guise of the Taiwan Provincial Government. The PRC consented to the exchange of ambassadors with the UK on 13 March 1972 and closed the ROC consulate in Tamsui. See Sino-British relations for further details.
  26. ^ [11] Archived 2014-04-08 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ [12] Archived 2015-07-17 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ [13] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  29. ^ [14] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  30. ^ [15] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  31. ^ [16] Archived 2015-10-14 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ (Taiwan), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (1 May 1979). "Courage and fortitude - Taiwan Today". Taiwan Today.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  33. ^ [17] Archived 2015-06-24 at the Wayback Machine
  34. ^ Chinese (Taiwan) Yearbook of International Law and Affairs, Volume 24 (2006). BRILL. 3 February 2020. ISBN 9789004424968.
  35. ^ Israel recognized the PRC on 8 January 1950 but the request was rejected at first by the PRC.
  36. ^ [18] Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  37. ^ Team, Internet. "About Us". Taipei Liaison Office in the RSA 駐南非共和國台北聯絡代表處.
  38. ^ On August 5, 1999, Republic of China and Papua New Guinea had agreed to establish diplomatic relations, but the new government of Papua New Guinea withdrew the agreement with the ROC on August 21, 1999.
  39. ^ "Organisation". Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Papua New Guinea. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan). 19 March 2020. Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  40. ^ On November 3, 2004, Republic of China and Vanuatu had agreed to establish diplomatic relations, but the new government of Vanuatu withdrew the agreement with the ROC on November 10, 2004.
  41. ^ "São Tomé e Príncipe corta relações com Taiwan". 20 December 2016.

Sources

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