Timothy Meaher (1812 – 3 March 1892) was an American slave trader, son of an Irish immigrant father and an Anglo-Irish American mother. He was raised in rural Whitefield, Maine. In his 20s, he moved to Mobile, Alabama where he became a wealthy human trafficker, businessman and landowner.[1][2] He built and owned the slave-ship Clotilda[1][3] and was responsible for illegally smuggling the last enslaved Africans into the United States in 1860.[4]
Timothy Meaher | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1812 Bowdoinham, Maine or Gardiner, Maine, US |
| Died | March 3, 1892 (aged 79–80) Mobile, Alabama, US |
| Occupation | slave trader |
Slave trade
editThe illegal purchasing and transporting of slaves was made as a bet to see if Meaher could avoid the 1807 Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves.[1] Meaher reportedly described the bet as "a thousand dollars that inside two years I myself can bring a shipful of niggers right into Mobile Bay under the officers' noses."[5] Meaher sold some of the slaves but took the rest to work for his brother and himself.[6] Meaher had its captain, William Foster (1825–1901), burn and scuttle Clotilda in Mobile Bay, attempting to destroy evidence of their joint lawbreaking. The wreck was located in 2019.[2]
The slaves were freed in 1865, but Meaher refused to help them return home or provide reparations. Meaher sold them part of his own land, where they established their own community called Africatown, which still exists to this day. [7][6] The United States government attempted to charge Meaher, but due to factors such as difficulty proving the crime and the Civil War, he was never prosecuted.[1] However in 1890, two years before his death, Meaher bragged in a newspaper interview about his slave trading.[2]
Death and legacy
editTimothy Meaher died on 3 March 1892 in Mobile, Alabama. He is buried at the Catholic Cemetery in Toulminville, Alabama.[8] The Meaher family is still prominent in Alabama, with Meaher State Park bearing the name, as well as a Meaher Street running through Africatown.[1] The family has refused to make any statement "about their sinister ancestor’s crime" or release his personal papers.[7][9] Some of the family members composed a letter with a public statement in October 2022 expressing disapproval of their ancestor's action.[10]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Reeves, Jay (8 February 2019). "Descendants from last US slave ship gathering in Alabama". AP NEWS. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ a b c Raines, Ben (23 January 2018). "Wreck found by reporter may be last American slave ship, archaeologists say". AL.com. Archived from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ "The Last American Slave Ship". The Coastal South. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ Zanolli, Lauren (26 January 2018). "'Still fighting': Africatown, site of last US slave shipment, sues over pollution". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ Diouf, Sylviane A. (2009). Dreams of Africa in Alabama: The Slave Ship Clotilda and the Story of the Last Africans Brought to America. Oxford University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-19-972398-0. Archived from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
- ^ a b Little, Becky. "Descendants of Last Slave Ship Still Live in Alabama Community". HISTORY. Archived from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ a b Tabor, Nick (2 May 2018). "Africatown and the 21st-Century Stain of Slavery". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on 4 August 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ Diouf, Sylviane A. (2009). Dreams of Africa in Alabama: The Slave Ship Clotilda and the Story of the Last Africans Brought to America. Oxford University Press. p. 183. ISBN 9780199723980. Archived from the original on 2023-06-21. Retrieved 2020-12-05.
- ^ Smith, Kiona N. (2 August 2019). "What will happen to the last slave ship in the US?". Ars Technica. Retrieved 4 August 2019.
- ^ "ABC News:October 28, 2022: Family members of the financier of the last American slave ship break silence". Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved July 11, 2024.