Mr. Tjung Tin Jan (9 February 1919 – February 1994) or Jani Arsadjaja[2] was an Indonesian politician and lawyer of Chinese Indonesian origin.
Tjung Tin Jan | |
|---|---|
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| Member of People's Representative Council | |
| In office 1950–1960 | |
| United States of Indonesia Senator from Bangka | |
| In office 16 February 1950 – 16 August 1950 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Zhong Dingyuan 钟鼎远[1] 9 February 1919 Sungai Selan, Bangka, Dutch East Indies |
| Died | February 1994 (aged 74–75) Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Political party | Catholic Party |
| Alma mater | Leiden University |
Early life and education
editTjung was born in Sungai Selan,[1][3] part of what is today Central Bangka Regency of Bangka Island, then part of the Dutch East Indies, on 9 February 1919. He studied at a Recht Hogeschool in Batavia, before heading to the Netherlands to study law at the Leiden University, and he received a Master of Laws degree.[4]
Career
editAfter Tjung returned to the Indies, he had worked at a telephone company and became a lawyer before being appointed as a deputy prosecutor in Pangkal Pinang's court. He also founded, and later led, the Bangka branch of the Chinese Association.[4] Additionally, he acted as a legal adviser to a Chinese school in Pangkal Pinang.[1][3] In 1950, he was appointed as a Senator for the newly formed Senate of the United States of Indonesia, representing Bangka.[5]
In 1950, following the Senate's dissolution and the defederation of the United States of Indonesia, Tjung was appointed to the Provisional People's Representative Council as a "minority representative", alongside several other Chinese Indonesian politicians.[6] He joined the Catholic Party in 1953, and he served in the People's Representative Council as a member of that party until 1960. Within that party, he was a member of its central board between 1953 and 1959, and its deputy general chairman between 1956 and 1958.[1]
During and after his time in the council, Tjung served as a director of several mining companies, including at Aneka Tambang where he was its financial director between 1968 and 1974.[1] He died in February 1994.[4]
Views
editTjung was a proponent of the assimilation of Chinese Indonesians, and was critical of Yap Thiam Hien's writings on discrimination of the group within Indonesia.[1][4] One example of such a critique was titled Indonesia Bukan Amerika (Indonesia is not the United States), published in 1960, in response to one of Hien's essays earlier that year.[4] In the same year he was also a signatory to the manifesto "Towards voluntary assimilation" (Indonesian: Menudju ke Asimilasi jang Wadjar) published in Star Weekly.[7] This manifesto, which may have been spearheaded by Ong Hok Ham, opposed the politics of integration advanced by Siauw Giok Tjhan and BAPERKI, which advocated for a distinct Chinese identity within a multiethnic Indonesia, and instead called for gradual and consensual assimilation into Indonesian society as a solution to ethnic conflict.[8][9][10]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Suryadinata, Leo (2015). Prominent Indonesian Chinese: Biographical Sketches (4th ed.). Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 349–350. ISBN 978-981-4620-50-5.
- ^ Lev, Daniel S. (2011). No Concessions: The Life of Yap Thiam Hien, Indonesian Human Rights Lawyer. University of Washington Press. p. 412. ISBN 978-0-295-80177-3.
- ^ a b Ministry of Information of Indonesia (1954). Kami Perkenalkan (PDF) (in Indonesian). Archipel Printers & Editors. p. 133.
- ^ a b c d e Yahya, Yunus (2002). Peranakan idealis: dari Lie Eng Hok sampai Teguh Karya (in Indonesian). Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. pp. 179–180. ISBN 978-979-9023-84-1.
- ^ Tim Penyusun Sejarah (1970). Seperempat Abad Dewan Perwakilan Rakjat Republik Indonesia [A Quarter Century of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia] (PDF) (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Sekretariat DPR-GR. p. 584.
- ^ The Indonesian Quarterly. Yayasan Proklamasi, Centre for Strategic and International Studies. 1987. p. 308.
- ^ "Menudji ke Asimilasi jang Wadjar". Star Weekly (in Indonesian). No. 743. Jakarta: Keng Po. 26 March 1960. p. 2.
- ^ Tan, Mély G. (July 1997). "The Social and Cultural Dimensions of the Role of Ethnic Chinese in Indonesian Society". Indonesia. Special issue: 120.
- ^ Reeve, David (2009). "13 More Indonesian than the Indonesians". In Sakai, Minako; Banks, Glenn; Walker, John Henry (eds.). The politics of the periphery in Indonesia : social and geographical perspectives. Singapore: NUS Press. pp. 254–73. ISBN 9789971694791.
- ^ Lev, Daniel S.; Offenhender Lev, Arlene (2011). No concessions : the life of Yap Thiam Hien, Indonesian human rights lawyer. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 178–9. ISBN 9780295801773.