Toʻxtasin Jalilov (Uzbek: Toʻxtasin Jalilov, Тўхтасин Жалилов; Russian: Тохтасын Джалилов, romanized Tokhtasyn Dzhalilov; c. 1895[a] — 11 May 1966) was an Uzbek composer and musician. One of the founders of the Uzbek drama musical genre and an early contributor to Uzbek opera, he received many prestigious awards for his work, including the title People's Artist of the Uzbek SSR, the Order of Lenin, and Order of Outstanding Merit.
Toʻxtasin Jalilov | |
|---|---|
| Тўхтасин Жалилов Toʻxtasin Jalilov | |
| Born | c. 1895[a] Andijon, Russian Turkestan, Russian Empire |
| Died | 11 May 1966 |
| Occupation | composer |
Life and career
editToʻxtasin Jalilov was born c. 1895 in Andijon.[a] He came from an impoverished peasant family. His father was a farmworker, and due to extreme poverty, he sold Toʻxtasin to a baker to work in his bakery, who then resold him. Despite his young age, Jalilov was forced to work all day while being badly abused and given very little food to eat. A lover of music, in the very little time he had to spare he played music and sang, gaining a reputation for his good singing voice.[1] After the October Revolution he started building his music career.[2] He took lessons from famous musicians in the region, but never graduated from any formal music school.[3]
In the late 1910s, in the midst of the Basmachi movement, Jalilov helped Hamza Hakimzade Niyazi form a mobile musical ensemble, which travelled on a car decorated with red banners.[4] He personally helped found the Andijan Theater and the Uzbek State Philharmonic, where he worked for many years.[5] He then worked at the Muqimiy Theater from 1940 until his death in 1966.
As his career took off in the 1920s and 30s, he worked with many different musical groups, including the National Music Circle, Uzbek Ethnographic Troupe, Andijan Musical Drama Theater, the Uzbek State Musical Theater in Tashkent named after Ya. M. Sverdlov, and the Uzbek State Philharmonic.[5][6][7][8] He also worked with many celebrated musical artists. In 1935, Jalilov participated in an international music festival in London with other famous artists of the Uzbek SSR including Usta Olim Komilov and Tamara Khanum.[1]
Jalilov died on 11 May 1966 in Tashkent.[2] His children followed in his footsteps and also worked in the theater industry.[9]
Works
editJalilov composed the music for classic Uzbek plays, operas, and songs based on the works of Soviet poets.[1] He mastered many different instruments including the tanbur, dutar, ghijak, and dulcimer.[3] He composed the opera Tohir and Zukra, working with Boris Brovtsyn, and created melodies, albeit without using sheet music.[10]
Among the musical dramas he collaborated in composing music for were Oʻzbekiston qilichi along with Nabijon Hasanov, Muqimiy by Sobir Abdulla, Ravshan and Zulhumor by Komil Yashin, Alpomish by Sobir Abdulla, Gʻunchalar by Zinnat Fatxullin, and Fargʻona hikoyasi by Hamid Gʻulom.[5]
Accolades
edit- Order of Lenin (18 March 1959)[11]
- Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labour (31 May 1937[12] and 16 January 1950)[13]
- Order of the Badge of Honour (23 December 1939)[2]
- People's Artist of the Uzbek SSR (1937)[5]
- Order of Outstanding Merit (23 August 2002)[14]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c Sources vary as to when he was born. His obituary in Sovet Oʻzbekistoni states he was born in 1894; OʻzME indicates he was born on 13 December 1895; and various other sources say he was born in 1896.
References
edit- ^ a b c Mikhailova, L. (19 January 1965). "Аксакал музыкальной культуры Узбекистана: Тухтасин Джалилову - 70 лет" [Aksakal of musical culture of Uzbekistan: Tokhtasin Dzhalilov is 70 years old]. Pravda Vostoka (in Russian). p. 4.
- ^ a b c "Тўхтасин Жалилов". Sovet Oʻzbekistoni (in Uzbek). 13 May 1966. p. 4.
- ^ a b Mahmudov, Avazbek (2018). Andijon sanʼati fidoiylari (2 ed.). Akademnashr. p. 5. ISBN 978-9943-5226-4-0.
- ^ Rakhmanov, Mamadzhan (1960). Хамза и узбекский театр (in Russian). Гос. изд-во худож. лит-ры. p. 199.
- ^ a b c d "Жалилов Тўхтасин". Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi. Vol. 3. National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan State Scientific Publishing House. 2002.
- ^ Ташкент: энциклопедия [Tashkent: Encyclopedia]. Глав. ред. Узбекской сов. энциклопедии. 1983. p. 108.
- ^ "Джалилов Тохтасын" [Dzhalilov Tokhtasyn]. Музыкальная энциклопедия. Том 2. Гондольера - Корсов (in Russian). «Сов. энцклопедия» -- «Сов. композитор». 1974. p. 219.
- ^ Советские композиторы: краткий биографический справочник [Soviet Composers: A Brief Biographical Guide] (in Russian). Sovetsky kompozitor. 1957. p. 185.
- ^ "Сегодня идёт Баядера" [Bayadera is screening today]. Ogonyok (in Russian) (14–15): 29. 1946.
- ^ Frolova-Walker, Marina (2016). Stalin's Music Prize: Soviet Culture and Politics. Yale University Press. p. 168.
- ^ "Ўзбекистон ССР санъати ва адабиёти ходимларини СССР орденлари ва медаллари билан мукофотлаш тўғрисида". Qizil Oʻzbekiston (in Uzbek). No. 65. 19 March 1959. p. 1.
- ^ "О награждении работников Узбекского Музыкального театра и Узбекской Филармонии — участников декады узбекского искусства в Москве". Pravda (in Russian). No. 149. 1 June 1937. p. 1.
- ^ "Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР О награждении орденами и медалями работников промышленности, сельского хозяйства, науки, культуры и искусства Узбекской ССР". Pravda Vostoka (in Russian). No. 23. 28 January 1950. p. 3.
- ^ "О награждении посмертно деятелей науки и искусства, внесших огромный вклад в развитие науки и культуры Узбекистана". Narodnoe slovo (in Uzbek). No. 172. 24 August 2002. p. 1.