Trams in Ostrava

Ostrava tramway network
Ostrava tramway network
	Ostrava Škoda 39T tram near Náměstí Republiky stop
Operation
Locale	Ostrava, Czech Republic
Open	1894 (steam); 1901 (electric)
Status	Operational
Routes	16
Operator(s)	Dopravní podnik Ostrava
Infrastructure
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Electrification	600 V DC
Stock	260 tram vehicles
Statistics
Track length (single)	62.7 km (39.0 mi)
Route length	230.3 km (143.1 mi)
2012	46.2 million (2017)
Website	dpo.cz

The Ostrava tramway network is the third largest tram network in the Czech Republic. The network is operated by Dopravní podnik Ostrava, a company wholly owned by the city of Ostrava that also runs the city's bus and trolleybus network. As of 2022, DPO runs 17 lines with a total route length of 231.5 kilometres (143.8 mi) on 62.7 kilometres (39.0 mi) of track. The network is a part of ODIS, the integrated public transport system of the Moravian-Silesian Region.

Most of the network is double-track and runs within the boundaries of the city. The only exception to both is Line 5 between Poruba and Budišovice, which runs on a single-track section with two sidings and is one out of two remaining single-track tram lines in the Czech Republic that is in regular operation, the other being the interurban line between Liberec and Jablonec nad Nisou.^{[citation needed]}

History

The first tram engine line that ran between Přívoz and Vítkovice was opened on 18 August 1894 by Brünner Local-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (BLEG, Czech: Brněnská společnost místních drah). The network was first extended two years later, when a branch leading to the Reichsbrücke (Czech: Řišský most, modern day Miloš Sýkora Bridge) opened. Eventually, a new line to Hulváky opened in 1899. At this point, trams were running every 20 minutes and the network was used for over a million trips. Neglected maintenance and increased operating costs of tram engines led BLEG to reduce its rolling stock from 16 to 9 engines and to adjust the interval to 30 minutes.^[1]

A historic T1 tram

The network was electrified at the turn of the 20th century and regular electric tram service started on 5 April 1901, although tram engines continued to be used for freight until 1922. The network further expanded in the following years, adding two new lines in 1907: Hulváky-Svinov and Mariánské Hory-Vítkovice^{[citation needed]}. A second rail was also added to busier sections of existing lines. In 1920, BLEG changed name to Společnost moravských místních drah (SMMD) and moved its headquarters to Moravská Ostrava.

Post-World War II

Post-World War II, with the industry of the city growing, authorities also developed the public transportation, which included tramways. The main extensions of the system were from the city centre to industrial and residential areas in the south. In 1950s and 60s, the city started operating the larger Tatra T2 and Tatra T3 trams.^[2] Around the same time, it was decided that trams should be the main public transport in the city, as the system was open to be modernised later and could carry a lot of passengers.^[3] In the early 1960s, tramlines were added to new urban areas in the south, as they weren't connected to railway.^[4] Further expansions were aimed at improving connections between new urban areas and industrial areas rather than the city centre.^[5] Trams were used to connect Poruba, which had only one route and thus was prone traffic congestion, to the rest of the city.^[6]

21st century

The nine Inekon 01 Trio cars date from 2002 to 2004. Since 2005, low-floor new-builds of T3 trams VarioLF have also been in operation, which are being used for the renewal of the fleet^{[citation needed]}. Some line sections have also been reconstructed and a new transport terminal at Hranečník was opened in August 2015^{[citation needed]}.

Between 2003 and 2011, the two-way KT8D5 trams were reconstructed to the new one-way type KT8D5R.N1 with a medium low-floor section.

In May 2018, new Tango NF2 trams from the Swiss company Stadler Rail were delivered to Ostrava. These are medium-capacity cars, of which there will be 40 in total. The vehicles now have full-carriage air conditioning.

In 2018, the paintwork of public transport and service vehicles was changed. The new corporate livery is light blue to turquoise. The color is complemented by a silver stripe under the windows and black window frames. The new paint will be given to new Stadler cars and cars that will be on the grand tour.

In July and August 2020, the speed was increased to 80 km/h between the Třebovice OC and Nová Ves vodárna stops. In March 2021 there was also a speed increase between the Hranečník interchange and the Zárubek mine. In October of the same year, the speed was also increased on the line along Místecká from the Dolní Vítkovice stop to the Jeremenko Colony. In early October 2021, the first Škoda 39T car was delivered. At the end of 2022, the last Tatra T3 cars with the original resistance equipment with accelerator were taken out of service. On 29 June 2023, the last Tatra T6A5 cars were retired.^[7]

Routes

As of 2023, 17 routes are operated on Ostrava tramway's network:

day services – in operation between 04:00 and 23:00
day & night services – in operation continuously
night services – in operation from 23:00 until 04:00 the following day

Line	Route	Type	Length (km)
1	Hlavní nádraží – Křižíkova – Karolina – Dolní Vítkovice – Dřevoprodej – Dubina	Day	11.4
2	Hlavní nádraží – Křižíkova – Karolina – Dolní Vítkovice – Karpatská – Výškovice	Day & night	12.2
3	Poruba,vozovna – Svinov,mosty – Hulváky – Vítk. Mírové nám. - ÚMOB Jih - Dubina	Day	14.7
4	Martinov – Svinov,mosty – Hulváky – Karolina – Hranečník – Nová huť již. brána	Day & night	17.2
5	Budišovice,Zátiší – Dolní Lhota – Krásné Pole – Vřesina – Poruba,Vřesinská	Day	8.8
6	Mor. Ostrava,Plynárny – Karolina – Dolní Vítkovice – Kpt. Vajdy – Výškovice	Day	11.4
7	Poruba,Vřesinská – Svinov,mosty – Palkovského – SPORT ARÉNA – Karpatská – Výškovice	Day & night	13.8
8	Poruba,Vřesinská – Svinov,mosty – Hulváky – Karolina – Hlavní nádraží	Day & night	13.6
8	Poruba,Vřesinská – Svinov,mosty – Hulváky – Karolina – Přívoz,Hlučínská	Day & night	14.5
10	Hranečník – Výstaviště – Karolina – Dolní Vítkovice – Dřevoprodej – Dubina	Day	11.2
11	Por. vozovna - Svinov mosty - Hulvácká – SPORT ARÉNA – Kpt. Vajdy – Zábřeh	Day	12.2
12	Hranečník – Výstaviště – Karolina – Hulváky – SPORT ARÉNA – Provaznická – Dubina	Day	13.6
14	Přívoz,Hlučínská – Křižíkova – Výstaviště – Hranečník – Nová huť již.brána	Day	10.5
15	Dubina – ÚMOb Jih – Kpt. Vajdy – Výškovice	Day	6.9
17	Dubina – ÚMOb Jih – Hulvácká – Svinov,mosty – Poruba,vozovna (– Poruba,Vřesinská)	Day	13.3
18	Hlavní nádraží – Křižíkova – Karolina – Hulváky – Hulvácká – ÚMOb Jih – Dubina	Night	13.3
19	Martinov – Svinov,mosty – Hulváky – SPORT ARÉNA – Provaznická – Dubina	Night	16.9

Rolling stock

In December 2017, 260 trams intended for passenger transport were in operation in Ostrava:^[8]

Type	Subtypes	Delivered	In service (as of 2023-12-31)^[9]
Tatra T3	Tatra T3R.P	1983–1987	20
Tatra KT8D5	Tatra KT8D5R.N1	1989–1990	16
Škoda 03T	Škoda 03T Astra	1998–2001	14
Inekon 01 Trio	Inekon 01 Trio	2002–2004	9
VarioLF	VarioLFR.E	2004–2012	47
VarioLF	VarioLFR.S	2013–2014	16
VarioLF2	VarioLF2	2007	1
VarioLF2	VarioLF2R.S	2013	2
VarioLF3	VarioLF3	2006–2007	2
VarioLF3/2	VarioLF3/2	2008–2011	3
VarioLF2 plus	VarioLF2 plus	2009	1
Stadler Tango	Stadler Tango NF2 (nOVA)	2018–2019	39
Škoda 39T	ForCity Smart Ostrava	2021–2023	35