Treaty of Chudnov

Treaty of Chudnov, Treaty of Cudnów (Polish: Ugoda cudnowska) or Treaty of Slobodishche (Ukrainian: Слободищенський трактат) was a treaty between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Cossack Hetmanate, signed in Chudniv (Polish: Cudnów) on 17 October 1660 during the Khmelnytsky Uprising. It restored most of the provisions of the Treaty of Hadiach, except for the elevation of Ruthenia to the status equal of the Poland and Lithuania. It invalidated the Pereiaslav Articles, which were often considered unfavorable for Ukraine, severed the union with the Tsardom of Russia and restored Ukraine's state ties with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Although the Ukrainian government insisted on the full restoration of the Treaty of Hadiach of 1658, the side of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, represented by Stanisław Potocki and Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, did not agree to the restitution of the Grand Duchy of Ruthenia, leaving other points of the Treaty of Hadiach in force.

The treaty was signed following the Polish victory at the Battle of Chudnov. The treaty meant that the Cossacks withdrew their support from Russia in the Russo–Polish War (1654–67), and transferred it back to the Commonwealth.^[1] The war would eventually be concluded with the 1667 Treaty of Andrusovo.

Terms

The Treaty of Chudnov contained the following main points:

I	The representers of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Potocki and Lubomirski must confirm with their oath the Treaty of Hadiach, with the exception of the points that concern the Grand Principality of Ruthenia.
II	Yurii Khmelnytsky with the Ukrainian Cossack army retreats from the Tsar of Russia and should not look for a patron other than the King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
III	The hetman with the army returns to Ukraine to take back the fortresses that are under the control of Russia.
IV	The Pereiaslav colonel Tymish Tsytsiura is forgiven for his crimes. He undertakes to return the weapon against the Russians and prove his loyalty to the king.
V	The Nizhyn and Chernihiv regiments are ordered to retreat from the Russians, otherwise Khmelnytsky must oppose them.
VI	In case of a rebellion in the Cossack Hetmanate or in other localities, the hetman must suppress it.
VII	The possessions of the Crimean Khanate should not be attacked by the Cossacks as long as the friendship between the khan and the king of the Commonwealth continues.
VIII	Not only the hetman, but also the common people must swear to the king before the sent commissioners.