Trogen is a municipality in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden in Switzerland. The town is the seat of the canton's judicial authorities.
Trogen | |
|---|---|
 View of Trogen from the church | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Trogen  | |
  Trogen  Trogen | |
| Coordinates: 47°24′N 9°28′E / 47.400°N 9.467°E | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Appenzell Ausserrhoden |
| District | n.a. |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.02 km2 (3.87 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 903 m (2,963 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2018)[2] | |
• Total | 1,735 |
| • Density | 170/km2 (450/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 9043 |
| SFOS number | 3025 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-AR |
| Surrounded by | Altstätten (SG), Bühler, Gais, Oberegg (AI), Rehetobel, Speicher, Wald |
| Website | www SFSO statistics |
History
editThe first mentioning of Trogen was in 1168 (Trugin). The name Trogen refers to a number of fountains (Trögen) which is reflected in the coat of arms.
After the Appenzell Wars, the Rhode Trogen was created in 1429 which included the territories of the municipalities Oberegg as well as parts of Bühler and Gais. Trogen joined the Reformation in 1525. When Appenzell split into the half-cantons Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden in 1597, it became the administrative center of Appenzell Ausserrhoden. From then on, Trogen's territory progressively shrunk as different municipalities within built their own churches within the Rhode and thus became independent. Until 1658, the municipalities of Grub, Walzenhausen, Heiden, Wolfhalden and Lutzenberg had emerged from Trogen.[3]
From the 16th century until the Industrial Revolution, Trogen accumulated most of its wealth through the sales of weaved and embroidered fabrics. This enrichment was driven mainly by the trade of canvases by the Zellweger-family. The Zellweger trading house was founded in the 17th century by the father of the family Conrad Zellweger-Rechsteiner and his son Conrad Zellweger-Tanner. The so-called Zellweger-Paläste (Zellweger-palaces), which are built around the town center, Landsgemeindeplatz, of Trogen, were built by the different members and generations of the family. The buildings led to inner tensions within the Zellweger-family and partial dissolutions of business alliances, as every new building was meant to outdo the previous palaces. The last Zellweger-owned business went bankrupt in 1817, and since 1866, the Landsgemeindeplatz has remained unmodified. A renovation of the town center and the palaces was voted for in 2011 and executed from 2019 to 2021.[3] The grammar school (Kantonsschule) that is today the only grammar school in the canton was also founded by the family in 1821.[4]
In the beginning of the 20th century, Trogen's main source of income was the textile industry, as 66% of its inhabitants were active in this sector. At the same time, the village began to expand its sources of income by slowly developing its health and ski resort infrastructure, which also led to the foundation of the Strassenbahn St. Gallen–Speicher–Trogen in 1900 and the inauguration of the Trogenerbahn three years later.[5] During the interwar period from 1918 to 1939, Trogen's number of inhabitants sank drastically. Although the economy recovered thereafter, the maximum value of inhabitants of 1850 (cf. Demographics) was since then never surpassed.[6]
Trogen has been the home of the Kinderdorf Pestalozzi since 1946. Further, Trogen has been an Energiestadt since 2014.The label attests that the municipality is making particular efforts in climate protection such as more ecological transportation, investments in renewable energy sources and more efficient usage of energy.[7]
Geography
edit
Trogen has an area, as of 2023, of 10.03 km2 (3.87 sq mi). Of this area, 49.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 41.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 8.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.8%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).[8] Trogen is dominated by the local mountain Gäbris.
Demographics
editTrogen has a population (as of 2008[update]) of 1,688, of which about 7.7% are foreign nationals.[9] Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -15.2%. Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (92.9%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common ( 2.0%) and Italian being third ( 0.9%).[10] As of 2000[update], the gender distribution of the population was 50.3% male and 49.7% female.[11] The age distribution, as of 2000[update], in Trogen is; 130 people or 7.0% of the population are between 0–6 years old. 271 people or 14.5% are 6–15, and 149 people or 8.0% are 16–19. Of the adult population, 80 people or 4.3% of the population are between 20 and 24 years old. 502 people or 26.9% are 25–44, and 452 people or 24.2% are 45–64. The senior population distribution is 186 people or 10.0% of the population are between 65 and 79 years old, and 97 people or 5.2% are over 80.[11]
In the 2007 federal election the FDP received 66.8% of the vote.[10]
In Trogen about 74.8% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[10]
Trogen has an unemployment rate of 1.46%. As of 2005[update], there were 62 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 34 businesses involved in this sector. 76 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 20 businesses in this sector. 751 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 86 businesses in this sector.[10]
The historical population is given in the following table:
| Population development[12][13] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 1667 | 1734 | 1813 | 1850 | 1900 | 1950 | 1980 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2021 |
| Number of inhabitants | 2262* | 2250** | 2370 | 2611 | 2496 | 2142 | 1853 | 1867 | 1751 | 1687 | 1877 |
*(incl. Wald, Rehetobel)**(excl. Wald, Rehetobel)
Heritage sites of national significance
edit
Several buildings in the village core, the Protestant church of 1782, the refectory with the cantonal library, the 1805 town hall and the two Zellweger palaces (Doppelpalast / Fünfeckpalast) are listed as heritage sites of national significance.[14]
Weather
editTrogen has an average of 155.1 days of rain per year and on average receives 1,644 mm (64.7 in) of precipitation. The wettest month is July during which time Trogen receives an average of 209 mm (8.2 in) of precipitation. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 14.2 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is June, with an average of 15.4, but with only 203 mm (8.0 in) of precipitation. The driest month of the year is January with an average of 86 mm (3.4 in) of precipitation over 14.2 days.[15]
Transport
editTrogen is linked to the city of St. Gallen and Appenzell by the Appenzell–St. Gallen–Trogen railway, a narrow-gauge road-side railway line. The line operates two trains per hour throughout the day, with four trains per hour during peak periods. Services are operated by Appenzell Railways for S-Bahn St. Gallen. There are two stations within the municipality, Trogen and Gfend. The journey from St. Gallen to Trogen takes 25 minutes.[16]
Notable people
edit- Mark Staff Brandl (* 1955), artist and art historian, lives in Trogen
- Wangpo Tethong (born 1963), Swiss-Tibetan activist, writer, spokesperson of Greenpeace Switzerland and member of the 15th Tibetan Parliament in Exile.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
- ^ "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
- ^ a b Heidi Eisenhut, Moritz Flury-Rova, Vreni Härdi (2021). Der Landsgemeindeplatz Trogen (in Swiss High German) (1st ed.). Bern: Schweizerische Kunstführer. ISBN 978-3-03797-751-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Geschichte | Werdegang | Kanti Trogen" (in German). 2020-05-08. Retrieved 2023-03-04.
- ^ Daniel Brugger: 75 Jahre Trogenerbahn 1903–1978. Die Geschichte der Trogenerbahn 1903–1978. Verlag Trogenerbahn, Speicher 1978, pages 94–98.
- ^ Fuchs, Thomas. "Trogen". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS.
- ^ Energiestadt, Trägerverein. "Das Label Energiestadt". Energiestadt (in German). Retrieved 2023-03-03.
- ^ Der Kanton in Zahlen - Daten und Fakten 2022/23 (in Swiss High German) (1st ed.). Kanton Appenzell Ausserrhoden. June 2022. p. 16.
- ^ Brief Statistics for the half-canton Archived 2011-06-12 at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 15 September 2009
- ^ a b c d Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 17-Sep-2009
- ^ a b Appenzell Outer Rhodes website Archived 2009-09-13 at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 15 September 2009
- ^ "Trogen". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz HLS. 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2023-03-04.
- ^ "Daten der Eidgenössischen Volkszählungen ab 1850 nach Gemeinden (CSV-Datensatz)" (CSV). Bundesamt für Statistik. 2019. Retrieved 2022-07-07.
- ^ Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance Archived 2009-05-01 at the Wayback Machine 21.11.2008 version, (in German) accessed 17-Sep-2009
- ^ "Temperature and Precipitation Average Values-Table, 1961-1990" (in German, French, and Italian). Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology - MeteoSwiss. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2009., the weather station elevation is 945 meters above sea level.
- ^ "Trogen - St. Gallen – Appenzell (timetable)" (PDF). Bundesamt für Verkehr. 2023-09-15. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- ^ Phuntsok Yangchen (2010-11-24). "European Chitue Candidates". tibetanpoliticalreview.org. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
External links
edit- Official Page (in German)
Media related to Trogen at Wikimedia Commons- Pestalozzi Children Foundation
