The Jinan Trolleybus System (Chinese: 济南无轨电车系统) serves the city of Jinan, in the province of Shandong, China. Opened in 1977, the system is operated by the Jinan Public Transport Corporation, and presently consists of 15 lines.
| Jinan Trolleybus System | |
|---|---|
 A Yutong trolleybus in Jinan in 2014 | |
| Operation | |
| Locale | Jinan, Shandong, China |
| Open | 1 January 1977 |
| Routes | 15 |
| Operator(s) | Jinan Public Transport Group Co., Ltd (济南公共交通集团有限公司) |
| Infrastructure | |
| Electrification | 750 V DC |
| Website | http://www.jnbus.com.cn/ Jinan Public Transport Group (in Chinese) |
History
editThe first trolleybus route in Jinan, route 1, was opened to public on 1 January 1977.[1] In the same year, route 2 commenced operations. The routes were renumbered to 101 and 102 in 1992. In the late 1990s, two more routes, 103 and 104, were opened.
The first trolleybus with batteries was introduced on route 101 in March 2011, while the last trolleybuses without batteries were retired in August 2018, allowing greater flexibility of routing.[2]
From 2020, a large BRT trolleybus network was constructed with loans from the Asian Development Bank.[3] The original plan for 111.2 km of new trolleybus contact network was modified to a total of 60.8 km of new contact network and 15 km of upgraded network, with the other sections replaced by either electric buses or trolleybuses running on autonoumous course to "provide better city landscape",[4] while also introducing a trolleybus museum to the plan.
On 20 September 2022, articulated LCK5180A trolleybuses started operations on BRT-1.[5] Newer dual power trolleybuses serve the line, reducing the reliance on a contact network and reducing visual pollution. Due to this design, trolleybuses enter and exit the depots on autonoumous course, and BRT-10 also partially drives on battery power for part of its route.[6]
Routes
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| Route | Route | Length | |
|---|---|---|---|
| B70 | |||
| K101 | Jinan University (济南大学) – Dianliuzhuang (甸柳庄) | 16.5 km | 24 hour route |
| K102 | Jinan University (济南大学) – Gejiazhuang (葛家庄) | 13.6 km | Has night service |
| B103 | Yanquan (砚泉) – Daguanyuan (大观园) | 10.3 km | |
| K125 | Baimashan Bus Station (白马山停车场) — Chengfengqiao (成丰桥) | ||
| BRT-1 | Jinanxi Station Bus Terminal (济南西站公交枢纽) – Quanfu Flyover West (全福立交桥西) | 17.0 km | Has night service |
| BRT-5 | |||
| BRT-6 | 北全福 (Beiquanfu) — 省立医院东院区 (Shandong Provincial Hospital East Campus) | ||
| BRT-7 | Jinan University (济南大学) – Zouzhuangxincun (邹庄新村) | 15.0 km | |
| BRT-10 | Fenghuangshan Flyover (凤凰山立交桥) – Huanggang Rd. (黄岗路) | 11.7 km |
Fleet
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From the early 2000s to 2013, the only model of trolleybus used in Jinan was the JK6120D, manufactured by China National Heavy Duty Truck Group (Chinese: 中国重型汽车集团有限公司), or Sinotruk, which is based in Jinan. In earlier years, Jinan also employed some second-hand SK561G articulated trolleybuses purchased from Luoyang; those 1980s-models were all retired before 2007. In 2014, the entire fleet was replaced by dual-mode trolleybuses manufactured by Yutong and Zhongtong Bus.[7] These new trolleybuses featured air-conditioning, low-floor access, leather-covered seats, "maternal-and-child" seats and LED destination signs.
As part of the ADB-funded BRT trolleybus project, 385 trolleybuses were ordered, modified from the original 735.[4]
Expansion
editThe Jinan Government drafted a plan to expand the trolleybus system into a "Three Horizontal Five Vertical" Trolleybus BRT network by 2021.[8][9] 292 articulated and 443 rigid trolleybuses were ordered to service the expansion.[10] Jinan BRT 1 and 7 will be the first to convert over to trolleybus operation by 2019.
A trolleybus museum was introduced into the BRT trolleybus plan with a purpose of reshaping the public's perspective on trolleybuses.[11][12] It was eventually completed as part of the bus museum, with exhibits showcasing various trolleybus related equipments.[13]
See also
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References
edit- ^ Murray, Alan (2000). World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. p. 84. ISBN 0-904235-18-1.
- ^ "济南又添"大辫子"公交". sd.people.com.cn. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
- ^ "济南复兴无轨电车 从四条线到"五环九射"_大众网". www.dzwww.com. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ a b https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-documents/50010/50010-002-emr-en_6.pdf
- ^ "济南：BRT开跑"大辫子"-新华网山东频道". www.sd.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ "新式无轨电车开进济南，高架下设电车走廊，日运量将破20万人次 - 济南社会 - 舜网新闻". news.e23.cn. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
- ^ "济南造巨无霸电车！或用于无轨电车BRT，正在调试". news.ifeng.com. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ "济南无轨电车来了 新开39条公交线路 经过你家么". sd.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ "济南无轨电车公交项目获批 设三横五纵8条公交专用走廊-齐鲁财富网". qlmoney.com. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ 石慧. 济南或引入18米长"巨无霸"公交，能容纳100多乘客_山东新闻_大众网. sd.dzwww.com (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ "济南将建设全国首个公共交通主题城市文化公园_泉城_无轨电车_展区". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
- ^ "济南将建全国首个公共交通主题公园_山东各地 _山东新闻_新闻_齐鲁网". news.iqilu.com. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
- ^ "濟南公交." 城市公共交通 .05(2023):71. doi:CNKI:SUN:CSGJ.0.2023-05-040.
External links
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Media related to Trolleybuses in Jinan at Wikimedia Commons
- "Trolleybus city: Jinan (China)". Trolleymotion.
- Jinan database / photo gallery and Jinan trolleybus list at Urban Electric Transit – in various languages, including English.
- China National Heavy Duty Truck Group (Sinotruk) – official site