The Tuapsinsky okrug (Russian: Туапси́нскій о́кругъ, romanized: Tuapsínsky ókrug) was a district (okrug) of the Black Sea Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Kuban Oblast to the north, the Novorossiysky okrug to the west, the Sochinsky okrug to the east, and the Black Sea to the south. The area of the Tuapsinsky okrug mostly corresponds to the Krasnodar Krai region of Russia. The district was eponymously named for its administrative centre, Tuapse.[1]
Tuapsinsky okrug
Туапсинскій округъ | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in the Black Sea Governorate | |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Governorate | Black Sea |
| Established | 1849 |
| Abolished | 1917 |
| Capital | Tuapse |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,777.49 km2 (686.29 sq mi) |
| Population (1916) | |
• Total | 40,365 |
| • Density | 23/km2 (59/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 44.14% |
| • Rural | 55.86% |
Demographics
editRussian Empire Census
editAccording to the Russian Empire Census, the Tuapsinsky okrug had a population of 9,051, including 5,249 men and 3,802 women. The plurality of the population indicated Russian to be their mother tongue, with significant Ukrainian, Armenian, and Circassian speaking minorities.[2]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Russian | 2,782 | 30.74 |
| Ukrainian | 2,170 | 23.98 |
| Armenian | 1,689 | 18.66 |
| Circassian | 1,179 | 13.03 |
| Greek | 375 | 4.14 |
| Czech | 269 | 2.97 |
| Romanian | 144 | 1.59 |
| Polish | 83 | 0.92 |
| German | 82 | 0.91 |
| Turkish | 80 | 0.88 |
| Persian | 52 | 0.57 |
| Imeretian | 35 | 0.39 |
| Georgian | 30 | 0.33 |
| Belarusian | 22 | 0.24 |
| Mingrelian | 15 | 0.17 |
| Jewish | 11 | 0.12 |
| Tatar[a] | 3 | 0.03 |
| Estonian | 2 | 0.02 |
| Other | 28 | 0.31 |
| TOTAL | 9,051 | 100.00 |
Kavkazskiy kalendar
editAccording to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Tuapsinsky okrug had a population of 40,365 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 25,053 men and 15,312 women, 15,642 of whom were the permanent population, and 24,723 were temporary residents:[5]
| Nationality | Urban | Rural | TOTAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Russians | 11,634 | 65.30 | 15,262 | 67.69 | 26,896 | 66.63 |
| Asiatic Christians | 3,407 | 19.12 | 1,924 | 8.53 | 5,331 | 13.21 |
| North Caucasians | 250 | 1.40 | 2,606 | 11.56 | 2,856 | 7.08 |
| Armenians | 1,036 | 5.81 | 1,803 | 8.00 | 2,839 | 7.03 |
| Other Europeans | 1,073 | 6.02 | 751 | 3.33 | 1,824 | 4.52 |
| Shia Muslims[b] | 333 | 1.87 | 195 | 0.86 | 528 | 1.31 |
| Jews | 77 | 0.43 | 0 | 0.00 | 77 | 0.19 |
| Sunni Muslims[c] | 7 | 0.04 | 7 | 0.03 | 14 | 0.03 |
| TOTAL | 17,817 | 100.00 | 22,548 | 100.00 | 40,365 | 100.00 |
Notes
edit- ^ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[3][4]
- ^ Primarily Tatars.[6]
- ^ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[6]
References
edit- ^ Tsutsiev 2014.
- ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
- ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
- ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 214–217.
- ^ a b Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
Bibliography
edit- Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.
- Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
- Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.