The twospot hawkfish (Amblycirrhitus bimacula), or twinspot hawkfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a hawkfish belonging to the family Cirrhitidae. it is found in the Indo-Pacific. It can be found in the aquarium trade.
| Twospot hawkfish | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Centrarchiformes |
| Family: | Cirrhitidae |
| Genus: | Amblycirrhitus |
| Species: | A. bimacula
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| Binomial name | |
| Amblycirrhitus bimacula (Jenkins, 1903)
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| Synonyms[2] | |
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Taxonomy
editThe twospot hawkfish was first formally described in 1903 as Cirrhitoidea bimacula by the American zoologist Oliver Peebles Jenkins with the type locality given as Honolulu.[3] The specific name bimacula means “two spot” a reference to the two spots, one on the operculum and the other on the upper body towards the caudal fin.[4]
Description
editThe twospot hawkfish has a body which has a depth which is approximately one third of its standard length.[5] The dorsal fin has 10 spines and 12 soft rays while the anal fin has 3spines and 6 soft rays.[2] This species grows to a maximum length of 9 cm (3.5 in).[6] This species has undulating reddish-brown bars on the flanks. There is a large pale margined black spot on the opercle, and a similar spot at the rear over the base of the dorsal fin.[7]
Distribution and habitat
editThe twospot hawkfish has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. It is found along the coast of Eastern Africa between Kenya and South Africa the east across the Indian Ocean into the Pacific Ocean as Far East as Hawaii and the Pitcairn Islands, north to the Ryukyu and Ogasawara Islands and south to Australia.[1] In Australian territorial waters it is found at Christmas Island and the Coco (Keeling) Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean, from Ningaloo Reef to Rosily Island in Western Australia and along the Great Barrier Reef south to Moreton Bay in Queensland. It is also found at Boot Reef and Osprey Reef in the Coral Sea.[7] They are found from 0 to 20 m (0 to 66 ft) on coral reefs.[1]
Biology
editThe twospot hawkfish is a secretive, benthic species[2] which is typically found hiding in crevices in reefs or between rocks or rubble.[7] It can be common where there is exposure to surge or currents on seaward reefs. It feeds on small crustaceans.[2]
Utilisation
editThe twospot hawkfish is collected for the aquarium trade.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d Greenfield, D. & Williams, I. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Amblycirrhitus bimacula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T67996575A115449885. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T67996575A68001641.en. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Amblycirrhitus bimacula". FishBase. June 2021 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Amblycirrhitus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (25 February 2021). "Order CENTRARCHIFORMES: Families CENTRARCHIDAE, ELASSOMATIDAE, ENOPLOSIDAE, SINIPERCIDAE, APLODACTYLIDAE, CHEILODACTYLIDAE, CHIRONEMIDAE, CIRRHITIDAE, LATRIDAE, PERCICHTHYIDAE, DICHISTIIDAE, GIRELLIDAE, KUHLIIDAE, KYPHOSIDAE, OPLEGNATHIDAE, TERAPONTIDAE, MICROCANTHIDAE and SCORPIDIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Randall, J. E. (1963). "Review of the hawkfishes (family Cirrhitidae)". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 114 (3472): 389–451.
- ^ "Amblycirrhitus bimacula". Reef Life Survey. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ a b c "Amblycirrhitus bimacula". Fishes of Australia. MuseumsVictoria. Retrieved 23 July 2021.