The United States Special Presidential Envoy for Compact Negotiations is a dedicated diplomatic position created by the Biden White House in 2022 to negotiate amendments to the Compact of Free Association (COFA), the agreement governing the relationship between the United States and the Freely Associated States (FAS) of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau. It is currently held by Ambassador Joseph Yun.
| United States Special Presidential Envoy for Compact Negotiations | |
|---|---|
Incumbent since March 22, 2022Joseph Y. Yun | |
| Type | Special Presidential Envoy |
| Appointer | President of the United States |
| Formation | March 22, 2022 |
| First holder | Joseph Y. Yun. |
History
editThe three strategically important Pacific nations have been affiliated with the United States since the U.N. made them part of the U.S.-governed Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in 1947. They achieved full sovereignty in 1986, when the U.S. Congress ratified the COFA, providing the FAS with economic benefits and visa-free entry to any U.S. jurisdiction in exchange for full international defense authority and responsibilities.[1] The initial terms for economic assistance provisions ran to 2003, followed by an amended agreement guaranteeing financial assistance through 2023.[2]
Negotiations to extend the compacts became stalled in December 2020. In February 2022 the Republic of the Marshall Islands' Ambassador to the United States, Gerald Zackios, attributed the impasse to Washington's failure to appoint a negotiator empowered by the president to discuss key issues beyond economic assistance, including remuneration for the legacy of nuclear testing on the islands, the continuing presence of U.S. military bases and the ballistic missile test site at Kwajalein Atoll and climate-change mitigation.[3] Citing "the critical nature of these complex negotiations," U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced the creation of the position of Special Presidential Envoy for Compact Negotiations on March 22, 2022,[4] President Biden named Ambassador Yun to be the inaugural envoy.
After 18 months of negotiations with the Compact states, led by Ambassador Yun, and with the bipartisan support of the US Congress, on March 8, 2024, the renewed Compacts of Free Association (COFA) were officially signed into law as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act.[5]
References
edit- ^ "Compact of Free Association". Legal Information System of the Federated States of Micronesia. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
- ^ "Compacts of Free Association". U.S. Department of the Interior. 15 October 2015. Retrieved March 24, 2022.
- ^ "With Blinken in Pacific, Marshall Islands says talks on U.S. military access 'stalled'". Reuters. February 9, 2022.
- ^ "Announcing the Special Presidential Envoy for Compact Negotiations". U.S. Department of State press statement. March 22, 2022.
- ^ "Historic Agreement Supporting Pacific Allies Signed Into Law". US House Committee on Natural Resources press release. March 8, 2024.
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