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Ghent University

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Ghent University (Dutch: Universiteit Gent, abbreviated as UGent) is a public research university located in Ghent, Belgium.

Ghent University
Universiteit Gent
Seal of Ghent University
Latin: Universitas Gandavensis[1]
Former names
State University of Ghent
MottoSapere Aude (Latin)
Motto in English
Dare to Think/Durf Denken
TypePublic
Established1817; 207 years ago (1817)
RectorRik Van de Walle
Administrative staff
9,000
Students+50,000
Location
Belgium Ghent
,
Belgium
CampusUniversity town
ColoursUGent blue & white[2]
   
AffiliationsCESAER
EUA
The Guild
SGroup
ENLIGHT
3I University Network
3C Partnership
Websitewww.ugent.be Edit this at Wikidata

Located in Flanders, Ghent University is the second largest Belgian university, consisting of 50,000 students and 9,000 staff members. The university also supports the Ghent University Library (including the famous Boekentoren) and the Ghent University Hospital, which is one of the biggest hospitals in Belgium. In addition to satellite campuses elsewhere in Flanders and a Global Campus in Songdo, South Korea, Ghent University maintains many inter-university partnerships and programs both inside and outside of Europe.

Established before the state of Belgium itself, the university was founded by the Dutch King William I in 1817, when the region was incorporated into the United Kingdom of the Netherlands after the fall of First French Empire. In that same year, he founded two other universities for the southern provinces as well, alongside Ghent University: University of Liège and State University of Leuven.

After the Belgian revolution of 1830, the newly formed Belgian state began to administer Ghent University. In 1930, UGent became the first Dutch-speaking university in Belgium. Previously, French (and, even earlier, Latin) had been the standard academic language in what was Université de Gand. In 1991, it was granted major autonomy and changed its name accordingly from State University of Ghent (Dutch: Rijksuniversiteit Gent, abbreviated as RUG) to its current designation.

History

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Painting of the establishment of the State University of Ghent in 1817 when the city was under Dutch rule

Foundation in the 19th century

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Ghent was one of the largest and most important cities of Europe in the medieval period.

The university in Ghent was opened on 9 October 1817, with JC van Rotterdam as the first rector. The foundation of universities in Ghent, Liege, and Leuven that year – by the Dutch King William I – was part of a larger policy to stimulate academic lag across the southern provinces of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands (which would later become Belgium).[citation needed] The original four faculties comprised Humanities (Letters), Law, Medicine, and Science, with the language of instruction being Latin. In the first year, it had 190 students and 16 professors.

 
Pharmacy students during practicum (1890)

In the wake of the Belgian Revolution, of 1830, the number of students declined, having peaked at 414. Although the faculties of humanities and science were dissolved from the university, they were restored five years later, in 1835. At this time, French also became the language of instruction, taking the place of Latin.

Ghent University played a role in the foundation of modern organic chemistry. Friedrich August Kekulé unraveled the structure of benzene at Ghent and Adolf von Baeyer (Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer), a student of August Kekulé, made contributions to organic chemistry.[citation needed]

In 1882, Sidonie Verhelst became the first female student at Ghent University, in science and pharmacology.[3]

 
2021 Boekentoren - Ghent University Library

Developments in the 20th century

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In 1903, the Flemish politician Lodewijk De Raet led a successful campaign to begin instruction in Dutch, and the first courses were begun in 1906.[citation needed]

During World War I, Ghent University was closed initially due to the hostilities and subsequently due to the refusal of the academic staff and the students to resume classes while Belgium was occupied. Moritz von Bissing, the German Governor-General of occupied Belgium sought to make the territory easier to govern by exploiting the pre-war linguistic division. The Flamenpolitik ("Policy regarding the Flemish people") was launched in 1916. The occupying German administration set up the first Dutch-speaking university in Belgium in Ghent under the name Vlaamsche Hoogeschool (Flemish Institute of Higher Learning). Pejoratively referred to as the Von Bissing University, the Vlaamsche Hoogeschoolwas founded in 1916 but was disestablished after the war and the University of Ghent resumed its activities with French as the sole medium of instruction. In 1923, Cabinet Minister Pierre Nolf put forward a motion to definitively establish the university as a Dutch-speaking university, and this was realized in 1930. August Vermeylen served as the first rector of a Dutch-language university in Belgium.[4]

 
Student Association "Société Académique d'Histoire" (1910)

In the Second World War, the German administration of the university attempted to create a German orientation, removing faculty members and installing loyal activists.

In the postwar period, Ghent University became a much larger institution, following the government policy of democratizing higher education in Flanders during the 1950s and 1960s. By 1953, there were more than 3,000 students, and by 1969 more than 11,500.

The number of faculties increased to eleven, starting with Applied Sciences in 1957. It was followed by Economics and Veterinary Medicine in 1968, Psychology and Pedagogy, as well as Bioengineering, in 1969, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

In the 1960s, there were several student demonstrations at Ghent University, notably around the Blandijn site, which houses the Faculty of Arts & Philosophy.[5] The most severe of demonstrations took place in 1969 in the wake of May 1968.

Since the end of the Cold War

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In 1991, the university officially changed its name from Rijksuniversiteit Gent (RUG) to Universiteit Gent (UGent), following an increased grant of autonomy by the government of the Flemish Community. The faculty of Politics and Social Sciences is the most recent addition, in 1992.

Ghent University had a program founded by Andre Vlerick in 1953, then called Centre for Productivity Studies and Research. The program later evolved into a separate school called Instituut Professor Vlerick voor Management. Later in 1999 together with KU Leuven, Ghent University established Vlerick Business School merging the two MBA programs of the universities, naming the newborn institute Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. In 2006, the school rebranded itself as Vlerick Business School. KU Leuven and Ghent University are still the parent institutions of the business school where many of the school's professors teach also in Leuven or Ghent. Nevertheless, UGent still offer MBA programs even after the merger.[6][circular reference]

Academic profile

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Organisation and structure

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iGent tower in Zwijnaarde Science Park

Ghent University consists of eleven faculties with over 130 individual departments. In addition, the university maintains the Zwijnaarde science park and Greenbridge science park.

List of faculties

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Library

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Standing on the Blandijnberg, the Boekentoren houses the Ghent University Library, which contains nearly 3 million volumes. The university library has joined the Google Books Library Project. Among other notable collections, it preserves Papyrus 30, an early manuscript of the Greek New Testament.

The university is also a partner in the development of De Krook, the new public library and media center in the center of Ghent that opened in 2017.

Reputation & rankings

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University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World[18]84 (2023)
CWUR World[19]118 (2020-21)
CWTS World[20]75 (2020)
QS World[21]=159 (2024)
Reuters World[22]98 (2019)
THE World[23]115 (2024)
USNWR Global[24]=95 (2023)
National – Overall
ARWU National[18]1 (2023)
CWTS National[20]2 (2020)
CWUR National[19]2 (2020-21)
QS National[21]2 (2024)
THE National[23]2 (2024)
USNWR National[25]2 (2023)

Ghent University consistently ranks among the top 100 universities in the world, alongside the Catholic University of Leuven. In 2017, it was ranked, globally, 69th by the Academic Ranking of World Universities (or Shanghai ranking)[26] and 125th by QS World University Rankings.[27] For 2021, Ghent University has been ranked, worldwide, 85th by U.S. News & World Report[28] and 96th by Times Higher Education.[29] The Faculty of Economics and Business Administration has also been awarded with an international Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) accreditation.

International relations

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Ufo campus - university forum
 
UGent Boekentoren

The university maintains many partnerships within Belgium, across Europe, and throughout the world.

Inside Belgium, Ghent University supports the Belgian Co-ordinated Collections of Micro-organisms and the Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie.

Within Europe, it is a member of the Santander Network, the Enlight (previously the U4) Network, and the 3i University Network. It also participates in the Conference of European Schools for Advanced Engineering Education and Research. In addition, the university cooperates with numerous universities for the Erasmus and Erasmus Mundus programs; within the framework of the latter, it heads the International Master of Science in Rural Development and the International Master of Science in Soils and Global Change (IMSOGLO).[30]

Beyond Europe, Ghent University conducts exchange programs on all six continents.[31] Frameworks include its campus in South Korea and its 3C Partnership.

Associated contributions and innovations

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Ghent University has been instrumental in the development of COinS and Unipept.[citation needed]

People

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  •  
    Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, statesman
  •  
    Henri Pirenne, historian
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    George de Hevesy, Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry
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    Maurice Maeterlinck, Nobel Prize winner in Literature
  •  
    Corneel Heymans, Nobel Prize winner in Medicine
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    Marguerite Legot, first female government minister in Belgium
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    Yaakov Dori, president of the Technion, Haifa
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    Suzanne Lilar, feminist writer
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    Jozef Schell (right), molecular biologist
  •  
    Marc van Montagu, molecular biologist
  •  
    Robert Cailliau, co-inventor of the World Wide Web
  •  
    Guy Verhofstadt, politician
  •  
    Gustave Rolin-Jaequemyns, jurist and diplomat
  •  
    Hélène Mallebrancke (1902-1940) Civil engineer and Belgian Resistance member in Second World War

Notable alumni

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Notable faculty

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Rectors

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Recipients of honorary doctorates

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See also

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Notes and references

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  1. ^ Anderson, Peter John (1907). Record of the Celebration of the Quatercentenary of the University of Aberdeen: From 25th to 28th September, 1906. Aberdeen, United Kingdom: Aberdeen University Press (University of Aberdeen). ASIN B001PK7B5G. ISBN 9781363625079.
  2. ^ Basic principles: Corporate colours – website of the UGent
  3. ^ "Ghent University Memorials". September 2010.
  4. ^ "A Language Come Back", Time, 28 April 1923
  5. ^ Danniau, Fien (17 August 2010). "Haard van verzet" (in Dutch). UGent Memorie. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
  6. ^ "Vlerick Business School".
  7. ^ Vervaeke, Ann. "Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte – Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte".
  8. ^ "Faculty of Law Ghent University". Archived from the original on 6 April 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  9. ^ "Faculty of Sciences — Ghent University".
  10. ^ "Faculteit Geneeskunde en Gezondheidswetenschappen — Universiteit Gent".
  11. ^ "Faculty of Engineering and Architecture — Ghent University".
  12. ^ "Faculty of Economics and Business Administration". Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  13. ^ "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine — Ghent University".
  14. ^ "Faculteit Psychologie en Pedagoghische Wetenschappen (FPPW)".
  15. ^ Vervaeke, Ann. "Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte – Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte".
  16. ^ "Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences — Ghent University".
  17. ^ "Faculty of Political and Social Sciences — Ghent University".
  18. ^ a b "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2023". ShanghaiRanking. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  19. ^ a b "World University Rankings 2020-2021". Center for World University Rankings. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  20. ^ a b "CWTS Leiden Ranking 2020 - P(top 10%)". CWTS Leiden Ranking. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  21. ^ a b "QS World University Rankings: Ghent University". QS Top Universities. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  22. ^ "Reuters World's Top 100 Innovative Universities 2019". Thomson Reuters. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  23. ^ a b "World University Rankings 2024 - Ghent University". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  24. ^ "Best Global Universities 2022-23 - Ghent University". U.S. News Education. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  25. ^ "Best Global Universities in Belgium". U.S. News Education. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  26. ^ "Shanghai Ranking 2017 Results". Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
  27. ^ "QS Top Universities Ranking 2014–2015". 16 July 2015.
  28. ^ "Best Global Universities 2021".
  29. ^ "The Times Higher Education World University Rankings". timeshighereducation.com. 3 September 2021.
  30. ^ "Home". IMSOGLO. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
  31. ^ "Bestemmingen — Studentenportaal — Universiteit Gent". ugent.be.
  32. ^ "Daskalidès, Jean (1922–1992) | UGentMemorie". Ugentmemorie.be. 16 August 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
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51°02′48″N 3°43′41″E / 51.046582°N 3.727918°E / 51.046582; 3.727918

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