URSAL (Portuguese: União das Repúblicas Socialistas da América Latina, Union of Socialist Republics of Latin America) is a term coined in 2001 by Brazilian sociologist Maria Lúcia Victor Barbosa[1][2] to mock criticism from left-wing politicians and intellectuals with regards to the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas.[3][4] The expression was taken seriously by Brazilian right-wingers, including Olavo de Carvalho, and resurfaced on YouTube and other media as a supposed Latin American integration plan backed by the São Paulo Forum.[5][6][7]

Latin America.

Appearances

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In 2018, during the first Brazilian presidential debate, the then-federal deputy and presidential candidate Cabo Daciolo spoke of URSAL as a plan to end sovereignty in South America while questioning fellow candidate Ciro Gomes.[4][8] Daciolo said that URSAL would be a socialist federation of Latin American and Caribbean countries.[9]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Tudo que sabemos sobre a URSAL". Vice. 2018-08-14.
  2. ^ Originally, she used the pejorative word Republiquetas (little republics) instead of Repúblicas.
  3. ^ "Os companheiros" (in Portuguese). Folha de Londrina. 2001-12-08.
  4. ^ a b "Crítica do PT, socióloga diz que inventou Ursal em 2001 como ironia". Folha de S. Paulo. 2018-08-13.
  5. ^ "#ElectionWatch: URSAL, Illuminati, and Brazil's YouTube Subculture". Digital Forensic Research Lab. Atlantic Council. 2018-08-30.
  6. ^ "YouTube ajudou a amplificar teoria da Ursal, diz relatório". Folha de S.Paulo. 2018-08-30.
  7. ^ "La URSAL: una teoría de la conspiración que llegó al debate político de Brasil" (in Spanish). El País. 2018-08-16.(in Portuguese)
  8. ^ "Cabo Daciolo pode ter um papel mais importante do que parece na eleição, diz Financial Times". InfoMoney. 2018-08-21.
  9. ^ "Citada por Cabo Daciolo, Ursal seria 5ª maior economia do mundo". O Globo. 2018-08-10.

Further reading

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  • BOMFIM, Manoel. A América Latina: males de origem. Ed. do centenário. Rio de Janeiro: Topbooks, 2005. 390 p. ISBN 9788574751023
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