Una is a City and a Municipal Council in Una district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It serves as the headquarters of Una district. There are 11 wards under Municipal Council. Una City is home to the Kila, which is a historical fort and an ancestral home of the descendants of the first guru of the Sikhs, Guru Nanak.[1]
Una | |
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  Una Location in Himachal Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 31°28′05″N 76°16′16″E / 31.468°N 76.271°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Himachal Pradesh |
| District | Una |
| Elevation | 369 m (1,211 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 18,722 |
| • Rank | 10 in HP |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| • Other spoken | Punjabi, Pahari |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | HP-19, HP-19AA, HP-20, HP-72 HP-78, HP-80 |
| Website | hpuna |
Geography and climate
editUna is located at 31°29′N 76°17′E / 31.48°N 76.28°E.[2] It has an average elevation of 369 metres (1,210 feet). The elevation keeps temperatures cooler than surrounding lowlands, however, the area still experiences temperatures up to 45 °C (113 °F).[3]
| Climate data for Una (1985–2010, extremes 1985–2011) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.0 (87.8) |
34.2 (93.6) |
39.4 (102.9) |
43.2 (109.8) |
45.2 (113.4) |
45.2 (113.4) |
42.2 (108.0) |
38.4 (101.1) |
38.6 (101.5) |
35.6 (96.1) |
33.4 (92.1) |
28.2 (82.8) |
45.2 (113.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.9 (67.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
34.3 (93.7) |
37.8 (100.0) |
37.9 (100.2) |
33.8 (92.8) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
31.1 (88.0) |
27.4 (81.3) |
22.3 (72.1) |
30.1 (86.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
5.7 (42.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
8.2 (46.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
13.5 (56.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
8.6 (47.5) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
13.2 (55.8) |
5.1 (41.2) |
1.8 (35.2) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 37.0 (1.46) |
42.4 (1.67) |
42.3 (1.67) |
24.9 (0.98) |
37.1 (1.46) |
89.6 (3.53) |
323.2 (12.72) |
320.3 (12.61) |
162.2 (6.39) |
21.1 (0.83) |
10.7 (0.42) |
20.4 (0.80) |
1,131.2 (44.54) |
| Average rainy days | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 5.5 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 5.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 51.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 65 | 63 | 57 | 42 | 41 | 49 | 68 | 72 | 67 | 61 | 58 | 61 | 59 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[4][5] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
editAccording to the 2011 Census of India, Una town had a population of 18,722 with 9,851 males and 8,871 females.[7] The literacy rate was 86.21%, higher than the state average of 82.80%.[7] The male literacy and female literacy rates were 88.84 and 83.29% respectively. There were 1,954 children below the age of six years. The sex ratio and child sex ratio of the town stood at 901 and 918 respectively.[7] Punjabi and Pahari are the main spoken languages.
Transport
editRoadways
Una serves as one of the main entry points to the rest of Himachal Pradesh through the borders of Punjab at Nangal-Mehetpur checkpoint. Una is well connected with the rest of the state, Himachal Pradesh and rest of India through National Highway 503 and National Highway 503A.[8]
Railways
Una Himachal Railway Station is well Connected with Chandigarh Junction and Capital Of India "New Delhi" through Express and Mails Trains and some other trains connected it with Ambala Cantt Junction.
Nearest Airport's and Distance
• Gaggal (Kangra) Domestic Airport (114 km)
• Chandigarh International Airport (127 km)
Famous Places
editChintpurni Temple: This is one of the most famous temples in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh. It is situated on the Dharamshala-Hoshiarpur road. It is visited by thousands of devotees, mostly from Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. Chintpurni temple, as the name suggests, is devoted to the Supreme Goddess Durga.
Kutlehar Fort: Also known as the Forts of Solasingi, is a group of forts in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh.
Dera Baba Gurbarbhag Singh:[9] It is situated in village Mairi, which is 42 Km away from the Una city.
Dera Baba Shri Chand Ji Maharaj Pubowal: This famous and beautiful religious place is devoted to Baba Shri Chand ji the founder of Udasin Samparday and the elder son of Shri Guru Nanak dev ji situated 17Km away from the district Una headquarters in Pubowal village of Haroli tehsil. This place was founded in 1980 by Sant Santosh Dass Ji in his childhood at the age of 9 years. Thousands of devotees visit here to get blessings of Dhan Dhan Baba Shri Chand ji maharaj. This place is spreading awareness about the Gurubani and Naam since 1980.
References
edit- ^ "Kila Baba Sahib Singh Ji Bedi Una Sahib". HP Tours. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Una
- ^ "India heatwave temperatures pass 50 Celsius". Phys.org. 2 June 2019. Retrieved 2 June 2019.
- ^ "Station: Una Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 775–776. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M73. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ a b c "Una Population Census 2011". Census 2011 India. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ "National Highways in Himachal Pradesh" (PDF). Himachal Pradesh Public Works Department. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
- ^ "DERA BABA BARBHAG SINGH – MAIRI | District Una, Government of Himachal Pradesh | India". Retrieved 2 November 2023.