1794–95 United States House of Representatives elections
(Redirected from United States House of Representatives elections, 1794 and 1795)
The 1794–95 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 25, 1794 (New Hampshire), and September 5, 1795 (Kentucky). Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 4th United States Congress convened on December 7, 1795. They were held during President George Washington's second term. Elections were held for all 105 seats, representing 15 states.
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All 105 seats in the United States House of Representatives 53 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results: Democratic-Republican hold Democratic-Republican gain Federalist hold Federalist gain Undistricted territory or split plural district | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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In the first election for the House of Representatives with organized political parties, the Democratic-Republican Party, which opposed the incumbent Washington Administration, defeated the pro-administration Federalist Party. The outgoing speaker, Frederick Muhlenberg, had supported the pro-administration forces during his first two terms, but was elected by a coalition made up mainly of anti-administration members in 1793, and by 1795 he was seen as more favorable to the Democratic-Republicans. Despite the Democratic-Republican majority, however, Muhlenberg was not re-elected, and was succeeded by Federalist Jonathan Dayton.[3]
Election summary
editDuring this period, each state fixed its own date for a congressional general election. Elections took place both in the even-numbered year before and in the odd-numbered year when a Congress convened. In some states, the congressional delegation was not elected until after the legal start of the Congress (on the 4th day of March in the odd-numbered year).
| 59 | 47 |
| Democratic-Republican | Federalist |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Democratic- Republican (formerly Anti-Administration) |
Federalist (formerly Pro-Administration) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | Change | Seats | Change | ||||
| Connecticut | At-large | September 15, 1794 | 7 | 0 | 
|
7 |
|
| Delaware | At-large | October 5, 1794 | 1 | 1 |  1
|
0 |  1
|
| Georgia | At-large | October 6, 1794 | 2 | 2 |
|
0 |
|
| Maryland | Districts | October 6, 1794 | 8 | 4 |
|
4 |
|
| Massachusetts | Districts | November 3, 1794[e] | 14 | 3 |
|
11 |
|
| New Hampshire | At-large | August 25, 1794[f] | 4 | 1 |
|
3 |
|
| New Jersey | At-large | December 30, 1794 | 5 | 0 |
|
5 |
|
| New York | Districts | December 12, 1794 | 10 | 5 | 2
|
5 | 2
|
| Pennsylvania | Districts | October 14, 1794 | 13 | 9 | 1
|
4 | 1
|
| Rhode Island | At-large | August 26, 1794 | 2 | 0 |
|
2 |
|
| South Carolina | Districts | October 14, 1794 | 6 | 4 | 1
|
2 | 1
|
| Vermont | Districts | December 30, 1794[g] | 2 | 1 | 1
|
1 | 1
|
| North Carolina | Districts | February 13, 1795 | 10 | 9 |
|
1 |
|
| Late elections (After the March 4, 1795 beginning of the next term) | |||||||
| Virginia | Districts | March 16, 1795 | 19 | 17 | 2
|
2 | 2
|
| Kentucky | Districts | September 5, 1795 | 2 | 2 |
|
0 |
|
| Tennessee | At-large | October 15, 1796 | 1 | 1 | 1
|
0 |
|
| Total[b] | 106 | 59 55.2% |
5
|
47 44.8% |
4
| ||
Special elections
editThere were special and late elections to the 3rd and 4th Congresses in 1794 and 1795.
3rd Congress
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maryland 2 | John Francis Mercer | Anti- Administration |
1791 (special) | Incumbent resigned April 13, 1794. New member elected May 5, 1794.[h] Anti-Administration hold. Successor also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| South Carolina 5 | Alexander Gillon | Anti- Administration |
1793 | Incumbent died October 6, 1794. New member elected October 13–14, 1794. Pro-Administration gain. Successor also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Maryland 3 | Uriah Forrest | Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent resigned November 8, 1794. New member elected December 8, 1794 and seated in January 1795. Pro-Administration hold. Successor was not elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| New Jersey at-large | Abraham Clark | Pro- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent died September 15, 1794. New member elected January 11, 1795 and seated January 29, 1795.[8] Pro-Administration hold. Successor had already been elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| South Carolina 2 | John Barnwell | Pro- Administration |
1794 | Incumbent representative-elect declined to serve. New member elected January 19–20, 1795 and seated December 7, 1795.[9] Anti-Administration gain. |
|
4th Congress
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Connecticut at-large | Jonathan Trumbull Jr. | Federalist | 1788 | Incumbent Representative-elect declined to serve when elected U.S. Senator. New member elected April 13, 1795 and seated December 7, 1795.[4] Federalist hold. |
|
| North Carolina 4 | Alexander Mebane | Democratic- Republican |
1793 | Incumbent died July 5, 1795. New member elected August 14, 1795 and seated December 7, 1795.[11] Democratic-Republican hold. |
|
Connecticut
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a General ticket |
James Hillhouse | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Amasa Learned | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent retired. | ||
| Joshua Coit | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ||
| Jonathan Trumbull Jr. | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. Senator. | ||
| Jeremiah Wadsworth | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent retired. | ||
| Zephaniah Swift | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ||
| Uriah Tracy | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ||
Delaware
editOnly two candidates are recorded for Delaware's congressional election in 1794, suggesting that the voting procedure in place for the first three Congresses for two candidates had been changed.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Delaware at-large | Henry Latimer | Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
Georgia
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Georgia at-large 2 seats on a General ticket |
Abraham Baldwin | Anti- Administration |
1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Thomas P. Carnes | Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||
Kentucky
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Kentucky 1 "Southern District" |
Christopher Greenup | Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Christopher Greenup (Democratic-Republican)[i]
|
| Kentucky 2 "Northern District" |
Alexander D. Orr | Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Alexander D. Orr (Democratic-Republican)[i]
|
Maryland
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Maryland 1 | George Dent | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Maryland 2 | John Francis Mercer | Anti-Administration | 1791 (Special) | Incumbent resigned April 13, 1794. Successor also elected to finish the term. |
|
| Maryland 3 | Uriah Forrest | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent retired. | ▌ Jeremiah Crabb (Federalist) 100%
|
| Maryland 4 | Thomas Sprigg | Anti-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Maryland 5 | Samuel Smith | Anti-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Samuel Smith (Democratic-Republican)[i]
|
| Maryland 6 | Gabriel Christie | Anti-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Maryland 7 | William Hindman | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Maryland 8 | William V. Murray | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ▌ William V. Murray (Federalist) 100%
|
Massachusetts
editMassachusetts redistricted between the 3rd and 4th Congress, dividing itself into 14 districts. The 12th-14th districts were in the District of Maine (the modern State of Maine). A majority was required for election. Additional ballots were required in five districts due to the majority requirement not being met on the first ballot.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Massachusetts 1 "1st Western" |
Theodore Sedgwick Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Pro- Administration |
1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Massachusetts 2 "2nd Western" |
William Lyman | Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Massachusetts 3 "3rd Western" |
None (new district) | New seat. Federalist gain. |
| ||
| Massachusetts 4 "4th Western" |
Dwight Foster Redistricted from the 2nd district |
Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Massachusetts 5 "1st Southern" |
Peleg Coffin Jr. Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. |
|
| Massachusetts 6 "2nd Southern" |
None (new district) | New seat. Federalist gain. |
| ||
| Massachusetts 7 "3rd Southern" |
David Cobb Redistricted from the at-large seat |
Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. | First ballot (November 3, 1794)
Second ballot (January 17, 1795)
Third ballot (March 23, 1795)
|
| Massachusetts 8 "1st Middle" |
Fisher Ames Redistricted from the 1st district |
Pro- Administration |
1788 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Massachusetts 9 "2nd Middle" |
Samuel Dexter Redistricted from the 1st district |
Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. Election unsuccessfully challenged.[j] |
First ballot (November 3, 1794)
Second ballot (January 17, 1795)
|
| Massachusetts 10 "3rd Middle" |
Benjamin Goodhue Redistricted from the 1st district |
Pro- Administration |
1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Samuel Holten Redistricted from the 1st district |
Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. Federalist loss. | ||
| Massachusetts 11 "4th Middle" |
None (new district) | New seat. Federalist gain. |
First ballot (November 3, 1794)
Second ballot (January 17, 1795)
| ||
| Massachusetts 12 District of Maine "1st Eastern" |
Henry Dearborn Redistricted from the 4th district |
Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Massachusetts 13 District of Maine "2nd Eastern" |
Peleg Wadsworth Redistricted from the 4th district |
Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | First ballot (November 3, 1794)
|
| Massachusetts 14 District of Maine "3rd Eastern" |
George Thatcher Redistricted from the 4th district |
Pro- Administration |
1788 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | First ballot (November 3, 1794)
|
New Hampshire
editUnder New Hampshire's electoral laws, a majority of voters (12.5% of votes) was required for election. Only three candidates achieved a majority, and so a run-off election was held for the fourth seat.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New Hampshire at-large (General ticket) |
Jeremiah Smith | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | First ballot (August 25, 1794)
|
| John S. Sherburne | Anti-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ||
| Nicholas Gilman | Pro-Administration | 1788/89 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ||
| Paine Wingate | Pro-Administration | 1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||
New Jersey
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New Jersey at-large (General ticket) |
Elias Boudinot | Pro- Administration |
1789 | Incumbent retired. |
Others
|
| Vacant | Abraham Clark (Pro-Admin.) died September 15, 1794. | ||||
| Jonathan Dayton | Pro- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ||
| Lambert Cadwalader | Pro- Administration |
1789 1792 |
Incumbent lost re-election. | ||
| John Beatty | Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||
New York
editNew York's districts were not numbered at the time, but were later numbered retroactively.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| New York 1 | Vacant | Incumbent moved to the 7th district. New member elected. |
| ||
| New York 2 | John Watts | Pro-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| New York 3 | Philip Van Cortlandt | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| New York 4 | Peter Van Gaasbeck | Pro-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| New York 5 | Theodorus Bailey | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| New York 6 | Ezekiel Gilbert | Pro-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| New York 7 | John E. Van Alen | Pro-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Thomas Tredwell Moved from the 1st district |
Anti-Administration | 1791 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican loss. | ||
| New York 8 | Henry Glen | Pro-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| New York 9 | James Gordon | Pro-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent retired. Federalist hold. |
|
| New York 10 | Vacant | Incumbent Silas Talbot (Pro-Admin.) resigned to accept an appointment to the Navy. |
| ||
North Carolina
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| North Carolina 1 | Joseph McDowell | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election. |
|
| North Carolina 2 | Matthew Locke | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Matthew Locke (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| North Carolina 3 | Joseph Winston | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election. |
|
| North Carolina 4 | Alexander Mebane | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| North Carolina 5 | Nathaniel Macon | Anti-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Nathaniel Macon (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| North Carolina 6 | James Gillespie | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| North Carolina 7 | William B. Grove | Pro-Administration | 1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ▌ William B. Grove (Federalist) 100%
|
| North Carolina 8 | William J. Dawson | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election. |
|
| North Carolina 9 | Thomas Blount | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| North Carolina 10 | Benjamin Williams | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Federalist. |
|
Pennsylvania
editPennsylvania once again divided itself into districts instead of electing representatives at-large, as it had for the 3rd Congress. The state divided intself into 12 districts, one of which (the 4th) had two seats. Pennsylvania would continue to use one or more plural districts until 1842.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Pennsylvania 1 | Thomas Fitzsimons Redistricted from the at-large district |
Pro- Administration |
1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania 2 | Frederick Muhlenberg Redistricted from at-large district |
Anti- Administration |
1788 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Pennsylvania 3 | None (new district) | New seat. Federalist gain. |
| ||
| Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats |
None (new district) | New seat. Federalist gain. |
| ||
| Peter Muhlenberg Redistricted from the at-large district |
Anti- Administration |
1788 1792 |
Incumbent lost re-election. James Morris unsuccessfully disputed the election.[l] | ||
| Pennsylvania 5 | Daniel Hiester Redistricted from at-large district |
Anti- Administration |
1788 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Pennsylvania 6 | None (new district) | New seat. Democratic-Republican gain. |
| ||
| Pennsylvania 7 | John W. Kittera Redistricted from at-large district |
Pro- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Pennsylvania 8 | Thomas Hartley Redistricted from at-large district |
Pro- Administration |
1788 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Pennsylvania 9 | Andrew Gregg Redistricted from at-large district |
Anti- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| William Irvine Redistricted from the at-large district |
Anti- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican loss. | ||
| Pennsylvania 10 | None (new district) | New seat. Democratic-Republican gain. |
| ||
| Pennsylvania 11 | William Findley Redistricted from at-large district |
Anti- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Pennsylvania 12 | Thomas Scott Redistricted from at-large district |
Pro- Administration |
1788 1792 |
Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
Rhode Island
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Rhode Island at-large Seat A |
Benjamin Bourne | Pro- Administration |
1790 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Rhode Island at-large Seat B |
Francis Malbone | Pro- Administration |
1792 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
South Carolina
editElectoral data are only available for the 1st and 5th district of South Carolina's 6 districts at the time of the elections of 1794.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| South Carolina 1 | William L. Smith | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| South Carolina 2 | None (new district) | Winner declined to serve. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy; see above. |
▌ Robert Barnwell (Federalist) 100%
| ||
| South Carolina 3 | Lemuel Benton | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Lemuel Benton (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| South Carolina 4 | Richard Winn | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Richard Winn (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| South Carolina 5 | Alexander Gillon | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent died October 6, 1794. Federalist gain. Successor also elected to finish the term; see above. |
|
| John Hunter (Moved from the 2nd district) |
Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election. Anti-Administration loss. | ||
| South Carolina 6 | Andrew Pickens | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. | ▌ Samuel Earle (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
Representative-elect Barnwell of the 2nd district declined to serve. A special election was held to fill the resulting vacancy, electing Wade Hampton (Democratic-Republican).
Southwest Territory
editSee Non-voting delegates, below.
Vermont
editVermont law required a majority for election to Congress, with a second election to be held if the first did not return a majority. Run-off elections were required in both districts.
| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Vermont 1 "Western District" |
Israel Smith | Anti- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. The election was contested but eventually upheld.[2] |
First ballot (December 30, 1794)
|
| Vermont 2 "Eastern District" |
Nathaniel Niles | Anti- Administration |
1791 | Incumbent lost re-election. Federalist gain. |
First ballot (December 30, 1794)
|
Virginia
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[12] | |
| Virginia 1 | Robert Rutherford | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Virginia 2 | Andrew Moore | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Andrew Moore (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 3 | Joseph Neville | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent lost re-election. |
|
| Virginia 4 | Francis Preston | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Virginia 5 | George Hancock | Pro-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. | ▌ George Hancock (Federalist) 100%
|
| Virginia 6 | Isaac Coles | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Virginia 7 | Abraham B. Venable | Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
Others
|
| Virginia 8 | Thomas Claiborne | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. |
|
| Virginia 9 | William B. Giles | Anti-Administration | 1790 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ William B. Giles (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 10 | Carter B. Harrison | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Carter B. Harrison (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 11 | Josiah Parker | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Federalist. |
|
| Virginia 12 | John Page | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ John Page (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 13 | Samuel Griffin | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent retired. Democratic-Republican gain. The loser unsuccessfully contested the election.[2] |
|
| Virginia 14 | Francis Walker | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent retired. | ▌ Samuel J. Cabell (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 15 | James Madison | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ James Madison (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 16 | Anthony New | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ Anthony New (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 17 | Richard Bland Lee | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic-Republican gain. |
|
| Virginia 18 | John Nicholas | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ John Nicholas (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
| Virginia 19 | John Heath | Anti-Administration | 1793 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democratic-Republican. | ▌ John Heath (Democratic-Republican) 100%
|
Non-voting delegates
edit3rd Congress
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Southwest Territory at-large | None (new seat) | New delegate elected by the territorial legislature and seated September 3, 1794 as Congress's first non-voting delegate. Successor also elected to the next term; see below. |
| ||
4th Congress
edit| District | Incumbent | This race | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
| Southwest Territory at-large | James White | Non-partisan | 1794 (new seat) | Incumbent delegate re-elected by the territorial legislature. |
|
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ "Election dates" does not include states admitted during the 4th Congress.
- ^ a b Including late elections
- ^ Including the late election from Tennessee who was admitted to the union after the 4th Congress had started to meet, and did not hold their elections for U.S. representatives until October 1796
- ^ Federalist Jonathan Dayton was elected Speaker of the House, despite being from the smaller party.
- ^ 3 additional ballots were required in 5 districts held January 17, March 23, and June 1, 1795.
- ^ a run-off was required for the 4th seat held on December 8, 1794.
- ^ an additional ballot was required in both districts held on February 10, 1795.
- ^ Date of election.[4]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Source does not give numbers of votes or has incomplete data.
- ^ A petition by various citizens of Massachusetts contested the election. The Committee on Elections ruled in the winner's favor and added "that the attempt to deprive him of his seat was rather the act of malevolence than a desire to promote the public good." On January 25, 1797, these words were stricken out and expressions of compliment to the member were substituted, and the report was agreed to.[2]
- ^ a b Changed parties
- ^ The original returns showed Morris in 2nd place and Richards in a close 3rd place, but Richards disputed it. Morris died July 10, 1795, before the House could act. The Elections Committee ruled in favor of Richards on January 18, 1796.
References
edit- ^ a b "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives, 1789 to Present | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
- ^ a b c d "Fourth Congress (membership roster)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 13, 2012. Retrieved December 7, 2012.
- ^ Jenkins, Jeffrey A. (2013). Fighting for the Speakership: The House and the Rise of Party Government. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University. p. 59.
- ^ a b Dubin, Michael J. (1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results. McFarland and Company.
- ^ "US Congress 1794". Archived from the original on 2020-03-13. Retrieved 2018-07-21.
- ^ "US Congress District 2 1794". Archived from the original on 2020-03-13. Retrieved 2018-07-21.
- ^ "US Congress elections". Archived from the original on 2020-03-13. Retrieved 2018-07-21.
- ^ a b "Our Campaigns - NJ At-Large - Special Election Race - Jan 10, 1795". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
- ^ a b "View Election". Archived from the original on 2013-01-06. Retrieved 2018-09-04.
- ^ "A new Nation Votes". Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
- ^ a b "North Carolina 1795 U.S. House of Representatives, District 4, Special". Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
- ^ "Virginia Elections Database » Virginia Election Results and Statistics". Virginia Elections Database. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
Bibliography
edit- "A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Archived from the original on January 29, 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
- Mapping Early American Elections project team (2019). "Mapping Early American Elections". Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media, George Mason University. Retrieved 2024-09-06.
External links
edit- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)