Uriburu is a Basque language surname of Basque origin, which means "head of town" in the Basque language, from uri ("town") and buru ("head" or "high part").[1] An alternative spelling is Uruburu. The surname may refer to:
- Federico Uruburu (1934–2003), Spanish biologist
- Francisco Uriburu (1837–1906), Argentine businessman and politician
- José Félix Uriburu (1868–1932), Argentine general and President
- José Evaristo Uriburu (1831–1914), Argentine politician and President
- José C. Uriburu (1914–1996), Argentine politician
- Mario Uriburu (1901–1964), Argentine sailor
- Nicolás García Uriburu (1937–2016), Argentine artist