Multiplier = 1 1 − M P C = 1 M P S {\displaystyle {\mbox{Multiplier}}={\frac {1}{1-MPC}}={\frac {1}{MPS}}}
A V C = V C U {\displaystyle AVC={\frac {VC}{U}}}
produced and imported food population × 365 {\displaystyle {\frac {\mbox{produced and imported food}}{{\mbox{population}}\times 365}}}
XPED x , y = Δ Q x Q 1 x × P 1 x Δ P y {\displaystyle {\mbox{XPED}}_{x,y}={\frac {\Delta Q_{x}}{{Q_{1}}_{x}}}\times {\frac {{P_{1}}_{x}}{\Delta P_{y}}}}
Net = Gross − Depreciation {\displaystyle {\mbox{Net}}={\mbox{Gross}}-{\mbox{Depreciation}}}
National = Domestic − Income Going Abroad + Incomg From Abroad {\displaystyle {\mbox{National}}={\mbox{Domestic}}-{\mbox{Income Going Abroad}}+{\mbox{Incomg From Abroad}}}
Factor Cost = Market Prices − taxes + subsidies {\displaystyle {\mbox{Factor Cost}}={\mbox{Market Prices}}-{\mbox{taxes}}+{\mbox{subsidies}}}
Real = Nominal × 100 120 , i f t h e i n t e r e s t r a t e i s 20 % {\displaystyle {\mbox{Real}}={\mbox{Nominal}}\times {\frac {100}{120}},if\ the\ interest\ rate\ is\ 20\%}
Per Capita = Total population {\displaystyle {\mbox{Per Capita}}={\frac {\mbox{Total}}{\mbox{population}}}}