Guangyun Table of Consonants
edit| Table of Consonants in the Guangyun Sound System[1][2] | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Manner | |||||||||||||
| Traditional Name | New Name | Traditional Name |
Unvoiced Unaspirated |
Unvoiced Aspirated |
Voiced | Nasal | ||||||||
| New Name |
Unaspirated | Aspirated | Voiced | Nasal | l | Semivowels | ||||||||
| Stops | Affricates | Fricatives | Stops | Affricates | Stops | Affricates | Fricatives | |||||||
| Labial | Bilabials | Bilabial | p | pʰ | b | m | ||||||||
| Labiodentals | Labiodental | pf | pfʰ | bv | ɱ | |||||||||
| Aveolar | Dental stops |
Dental stops |
t | tʰ | d | n | ||||||||
| Retroflex stops |
Palatal | ȶ | ȶʰ | ȡ | ȵ | |||||||||
| Lateral | Dental affricates |
Anterior coronal |
ts | s | sʰ | dz | z | |||||||
| Retroflex/ Alveolo-palatal affricates |
Tongue blade | tʃ | ʃ | tʃʰ | dʒ | |||||||||
| Palatal | tɕ | ɕ | tɕʰ | dʑ | ʒ | |||||||||
| Velars | Guttural | k | kʰ | g | ŋ | |||||||||
| Glottal | Glottal | ʔ | ||||||||||||
| Guttural | x | ɣ | ||||||||||||
| Laminal | j | |||||||||||||
| Half dental lateral |
Alveolar | l | ||||||||||||
| Half retroflex |
Palatal | ȵ, ʑ | ||||||||||||
| 《广韵》音系声母表[1] | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 发音部位 | 发音方法 | |||||||||||||
| 旧名 | 新名 | 旧名 | 全清 | 次请 | 全浊 | 次浊 | ||||||||
| 新名 | 不送气清音 | 送气清音 | 浊音 | 鼻音 | 边音 | 半元音 | ||||||||
| 塞音 | 塞擦音 | 擦音 | 塞音 | 塞擦音 | 塞音 | 塞擦音 | 擦音 | |||||||
| 唇音 | 重唇 | 双唇音 | p | pʰ | b | m | ||||||||
| 轻唇 | 唇齿音 | pf | pfʰ | bv | ɱ | |||||||||
| 舌音 | 舌头 | 舌尖中音 | t | tʰ | d | n | ||||||||
| 舌上 | 舌面前音 | ȶ | ȶʰ | ȡ | ȵ | |||||||||
| 齿音 | 齿头 | 舌尖前 | ts | s | sʰ | dz | z | |||||||
| 正齿 | 舌叶 | tʃ | ʃ | tʃʰ | dʒ | |||||||||
| 舌面前 | tɕ | ɕ | tɕʰ | dʑ | ʒ | |||||||||
| 牙音 | 舌根 | k | kʰ | g | ŋ | |||||||||
| 喉音 | 喉 | ʔ | ||||||||||||
| 舌根 | x | ɣ | ||||||||||||
| 舌面中 | j | |||||||||||||
| 半舌 | 舌尖中音 | l | ||||||||||||
| 半齿 | 舌面前 | ȵ、ʑ | ||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ a b Li 2017, p. 48.
- ^ JACQUES 2015.
Bibliography
edit- Fisiak, Jacek (1980). Theoretical issues in contrastive linguistics. Amsterdam: Benjamins. ISBN 9027235023.
- JACQUES, Guillaume (2015). "Traditional Chinese Phonology". In Sybesma, Rint (ed.). Encyclopedia of Chinese Language and Linguistics. Brill. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
- Li, Jialong （李加龙） (2017). Hànyǔ Fāngyán Diàochá 汉语方言调查 [Chinese Phonological Research]. Beijing: The Commercial Press. ISBN 978-7-100-12869-8.
- Třísková, Hana (September 2008). "Are the Mandarin retroflex initial consonants really retroflex? Are the palatals really palatal?... The notes on terminology" (PDF). Oriental Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague. Retrieved December 21, 2018.