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1st Draft: Ethical Considerations: With internet technology vastly changing existing and introducing new mechanisms by which to attain, share and employ information, internet activism raises ethical issues for consideration. Proponents contend internet activism serves as an outlet for social progress but only if personal and professional ethics are employed.[1] Supporters of online activism claim new information and communications technologies help increase the political power of activist groups that would otherwise have less resources. Proponents along this line of thinking claim the most effective use of online activism is its use in conjunction with more traditional or historical activism activities.[2] Conversely, critics worry about facts and beliefs becoming indistinct in online campaigns and about "sectors of online activism [being] more self-interested than socially interested."[1] These critics warn against the manipulation commonplace to online activism for private or personal interests such as exploiting charities for monetary gain, influencing voters in the political arena and inflating self importance or effectiveness. In this sense, the ethical implication is that activism becomes descriptive rather than transformative of society.[1] One of these reviewers suggests seven pitfalls to beware of in internet activism: "self-promotion at the expense of the movement,...unsolicited bulk email,... Hacktivism,...violating copyright,...nagging,... violating privacy,...and being scary." [3] Many of the ethical criticisms against the prevalence of online activism are further discussed in the criticisms section of this article.
Hashtag activism
editHashtag activism is the use of hashtags for activist purposes. Its use has been associated with the 2014 Chibok kidnapping, with hopes that it would help keep the story in the news and raise international attention.[4] The hashtag itself has received 2 million retweets.
One example of the powerful rise of hashtag activism can be seen in the black feminist movement's use of hashtags to convey their cause. The famous hashtag "IamJada" was an internet backlash to the mocking "#Jadapose" that went viral, ensuing after a sixteen-year old old girl Jada Smart was photographed following her gang rape [5] In this instance, a hashtag was employed to convey a powerful anti-rape message.
I also plan to add citations to existing information that does not include a source. I am still researching sources to add information to the internet activism page. I need both sources about what internet activism entails generally and other sources on ethical implications for internet activism. I think the article could also use an ethics section but need to evaluate if that can be embedded within the controversies section or it it needs its own heading.
I plan to add articles about animal activism to the internet activism page. I noticed it did not have anything on that topic but included other similar topics. I also wanted to add to the critiques part and the fundraising sections.
- ^ a b c Jaber, Rimah (February 22, 2016). "Ethics in Online Activism: False Senses of Social Action or Effective Source of Change?". Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
- ^ Jenny Pickerill, “Rethinking political participation: Experiments in internet activism in Australia and Britain.” Curtin University of Technology, July, 2002. Retrieved 2017-3-18.
- ^ Tom Head, “A Short Guide to the Ethics and Etiquette of Online Activism.” Pearson, August 4, 2010. Retrieved 2017-3-18.
- ^ "Michelle Obama raises pressure over kidnapped schoolgirls". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
- ^ "Digital Defense: Black Feminists Resist Violence With Hashtag Activism". Feminist Media Studies. 15.