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User:Artemis Andromeda/sandbox/globe

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The Globe Palace, also known as the Palace Under the Globe,[a] is a Baroque Revival palace is the city of Szczecin, Poland. It is located at 2 White Eagle Square, in the neighbourhood of Old Town. 


and historically known as Grumbkow Palace,[b]


Wietzlowsches Haus

Wietzlow Palace{{efn|Polish: Pałac Wietzlowa; German: Wietzlowsches Haus

History

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In 1720, following the signing of Treaties of Stockholm, which ended the Great Northern War, the city of Stettin (now known as Szczecin), was ceded to the Kingdom of Prussia. Frederick William I of Prussia, King of Prussia, ordered to repair the damages caused to the city during the siege in 1713, and the construction of the new buildings in the place of destroyed ones. Following the orders, Philipp Otto von Grumbkow, the chancellor of the Province of Pomerania and the General Director of War and Finance, had commissioned the construction of the new buildings, around the Horse Market Place (now White Eagle Square), which was one of the main squares of the city, and around which, the previous buildings were destroyed in the war. The first building to be constructed was a palace, which became the residence of Grumbkow, and as such, known as the Grumbkow Palace.[1][2][3]

The construction began in 1723, and was financed by king Frederick William I. The building was designed by Pierre du Montarques, the major general and chief of the Engineer Corps. From 1724, the construction was overseen by Philipp Gerlach.[4][5] The king took personal interest in the project, and on 12 April 1725, he decided to paint the building façade in yellow and white.[4][2]


One of the first investors, who erected his residence in the area of the city was Philipp

Otto von Grumbkow (1684-1752). His top position in the political elites of Szczecin al-


lowed to build a palatial mansion in the type of an urban palace located at the most rep-

resentative square in town. The permit to build a palace was issued by King Friedrich

Wilhelm I just in 1723. The design was created by Pierre du Montarques of Languedoc an

architect and then, the head of the Prussian engineering corps. The designer planned

to rise a building with a facade approx. 37- meter long and a bay approx. 16- meter deep;

the palace was planned to be located on three combined plots. The construction

of the mansion was begun in late 1723 and 1724. The masonry works were led by

the Berlin foreman John Daniel Leopold, the carpentry was made from by John Andrew

Hasse from Stargard. The works proceeded relatively quickly, since in the early spring

of 1724 von Grumbkow signed first contracts to finish the palace interior. In May of 1724,

Philipp Gerlach - a chief director of the Prussian construction authorities and the main

builder of royal residences in Berlin was hired to supervise the investment. The role

of Gerlach was not limited only to the supervision of the work. It had also introduced

changes to the dispositions of interior design and the façade of the palace, and provided

advice on technical and construction issues [2, p. 744]. Certainly, it must have been Ger- lach who recommended a royal court sculptor Johann Georg Glume, who he had collabo- rated with at his Berlin project completions (Glum created, among others, the sculptural decor to the garrison church in Potsdam, designed by Gerlach) to the investor. Glume made a rich sculptural decoration of the attic for the Szczecin palace in which he used Pirna sandstone. In August of 1724, the Italian painter Philip Stechinelli was appointed to work on the interior painting, while the stucco and decorative elements were developed by an Italian stucco artist Rocco Aprile. The finishing works lasted until the end of 1726. The original appearance of the Von Grumbkow Palace was captured in the figure by J.F. Freund and J. G. Wolfgang showing a view of the Horse Market in 1732. (fig. 3). Fig. 3. Rossmarkt (the Horse Market, present pl. Orła Białego) in Szczecin, on the right there is a facade of the Grumbkow Palace. A part of an engraving by J.F. Freund and J. G. Wolfgang, 1732. Source: [3, p. 86]. . Ryc. 3. Rossmarkt (Koński Rynek, ob. Plac Orła Białego) w Szczecinie, po prawej stronie widoczna fasada Pałacu Grumbkowa. Fragment ryciny autorstwa J.F. Freunda i J.G. Wolfganga z 1732 r. Źródło: [3, str. 86]. Finally, the palace received the form of a three-storey building covered with a mansard roof. The main facade facing the square had eleven axes defined by a rhythmic arrange- ment of windows and was divided into a big order set by pilasters. The central part of the façade was crowned with an attic with a coat of arms cartouche in the middle. Four stone vases and a statue depicting the Ancient Roman goddess Flora were mounted there, on the attic. The first storey (piano nobile) stands out thanks to rustication and higher win- dows. The main entrance axis has been accentuated with a decorative portal closed by a segmental arch and a baluster balcony on the ancones proceeding the French window


of the first floor. The details appearing in the roof part became decoratively developed, and namely lucarnes flanked by pilasters topped by an overhanging arch and tall


Plastered chimneys with paneled decoration. The whole architecture has been maintained

in the type of stately bourgeois palace mansion and appealed specifically to patterns

developed on the grounds of contemporary architecture in Berlin. The overall concept of

the composition and design of the facade refers, among others, to Ordenspalais, Palais

Marschall and Wilhelmplatz buildings in Berlin from the 30s of the eighteenth century.

1.3 A new user Friedrich Witzlow

When the Pomeranian line of the von Grumbkow house died out, the palace was pur-

chased in 1782 by Friedrich Witzlow, a Szczecin merchant and financier [1, p. 26].

The new owner commissioned a slight reconstruction of the palace. The work included

some change in interior design and only slightly façade, which gained richer and more

ornate decor. Modest capitals of pilasters were replaced with richly carved Corinthian

heads, overhead festoons were placed under the window pediments of the first floor and the figurative representations (putti) under window panels. Above the windows outside the central axis of an avant-corps carved tondi were placed. Moreover, the windows of the third storey received more decorative luminaire (ancones and decorative keys added), while von Grumbkow’s coat of arms was removed from the attic. The facade of the palace of that period has been immortalized on a colorful watercolor made in 1790 (fig. 4), and its appearance in that form lasted until 1870 (fig. 5). Fig. 4. Th



In 1724, sculptor Johann Georg Glume made attic from sandstone, and the Statue of Flora, which was originally placed in the palace garden. <ref name=vs>




1724–1725. Projektantem był Piotr de Montarque – urodzony w Langwedocji Francuz. Przy budowie współpracował Filip Gerlach, szef służb budowlanych Prus, projektant kościołów w Berlinie i Poczdamie. Dekorację rzeźbiarską wykonał nadworny artysta królewski Johann Georg Glume. Pałac ten był budowlą barokową o reprezentacyjnej fasadzie z osiowo usytuowanym ryzalitem podzielonym pilastrami. Około 1800 r. był przebudowany w formach empirowych (bogaty detal).

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wietzlowsches_Haus

From 1757 to 1763 Friederike Dorothea Sophia, the wife of Duke Friedrich Eugen von Württemberg, who was in Prussian military service, lived in the palace. Subsequent owners were a Salingré councilor of commerce from 1777 and, in the 19th century, the Wietzlow family, after whom the palace was named the "Wietzlowsches Haus" (the spelling "Witzlowsches Haus" also occurs). The palace existed until 1890, when it was demolished to make way for a building belonging to the Prussian National Insurance Company.

The three-storey building, constructed in the style of "Prussian Baroque", had a richly structured facade with a wide central projection, a magnificent staircase and numerous hall-like rooms. It was considered "the most beautiful example of an 18th-century Pomeranian city palace" and the "most beautiful of all private houses in Szczecin".[1]

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Notes

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  1. ^ Polish: Pałac pod Globusem; German: Palast unter dem Globus
  2. ^ Polish: Pałac Grumbkowa; German: Grumbkow-Palais, Palais von Grumbkow

References

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  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference bethe was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Helmut Sieber: Schlösser und Herrensitze in Pommern, vol. 3. Frankfurt am Main: Verlag Wolfgang Weidlich, p. 75–77, 199. (in German)
  3. ^ T. Białecki (editor): Encyklopedia Szczecina: Wydanie jubileuszowe z okazji 70-lecia polskiego Szczecina, Szczecin: Szczecińskie Towarzystwo Kultury, 2015, p. 660-662, ISBN 978-83-942725-0-0, OCLC 924941684. (in Polish)
  4. ^ a b Hellmuth Bethe: Zur Baugeschichte des ehemaligen Palais von Grumbkow am Roßmarkt in Stettin. In: Monatsblätter der Gesellschaft für pommersche Geschichte und Altertumskunde. 1939, p. 196–200. (in German)
  5. ^ "Pałac pod Globusem". visitszczecin.eu (in Polish).
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