Combined Exposures Wikipedia Assignment
Common household and workplace items are considered ototoxins such as gasoline, nail polish, nail polish remover, and cigarette smoke[1]. When combining multiple ototoxins, the risk of hearing being effected becomes greater (Rawool). This includes chemicals, drugs, and noise. In order to be in compliance with OSHA standards, the workplace has to make employees who may be potentially exposed to these ototoxins aware that these mixed exposures are present so appropriate preventive measures can be in place.
Drug exposures mixed with noise potentially lead to increased risk of hearing loss. Noise exposure combined with the chemotherapeutic cisplatin put individuals at increased risk of ototoxic hearing loss (Campbell). Noise at 85 dB SPL or above added to the amount of hair cell death in the high frequency region of the cochlea In chinchillas (Gratton). Exposure to noise at the same time as ahminoglycosides may exacerbate ototoxicity (AAA). The American Academy of Audiology recommends people being treated with ototoxic chemotherapeutics avoid excessive noise levels during treatment and for several months following cessation of treatment.
Previous noise exposure has not been found to potentate ototoxic hearing loss. (campbell, Laurell).
I plan to add content on the Ototoxicity wikipedia page. I want to add a section on ototoxicity in relation noise exposure alongside with ototoxic medication.
Resources
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- ^ Rawool, Vishakha (2012). Hearing Conservation. New York: Thieme.
- ^ Gratton, Michael Anne; Salvi, Richard J; Kamen, Barton A; Saunders, Samuel S (1990-12-01). "Interaction of cisplatin and noise on the peripheral auditory system". Hearing Research. 50 (1–2): 211–223. doi:10.1016/0378-5955(90)90046-R.
- ^ GF, Laurell (1992-12-01). "Combined effects of noise and cisplatin: short- and long-term follow-up". The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology. 101 (12). ISSN 0003-4894.
- ^ "American Academy of Audiology Position Statement and Clinical Practice Guidelines: Ototoxicity Monitoring" (PDF). American Academy of Audiology. October 2009. Retrieved 09/29/2016.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - ^ Dayal, V. S.; Kokshanian, A.; Mitchell, D. P. (1971-12-01). "Combined effects of noise and kanamycin". The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology. 80 (6): 897–902. ISSN 0003-4894. PMID 4942616.
- ^ Brown JJ; Brummett RE; Fox KE; Bendrick TW (1980-12-01). "Combined effects of noise and kanamycin: Cochlear pathology and pharmacology". Archives of Otolaryngology. 106 (12): 744–750. doi:10.1001/archotol.1980.00790360022008. ISSN 0003-9977.
- ^ Laurell, GÖRan; Borg, Erik (1986-01-01). "Cis-Platin Ototoxicity in Previously Noise-Exposed Guinea Pigs". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 101 (1–2): 66–74. doi:10.3109/00016488609108609. ISSN 0001-6489. PMID 3962651.