Leader-Memeber Exchange (book edit) On-job-training has generally supported the leader-member exchange model for various levels of mangement.Research has shown that the quality of the leader-subordinate realtionship can be improved through training, resulting in the display of more leadership than supervision. Significant improvements in job satisafaction and productivity and decrease in errors have been found in subordinates.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs(article edit)
According to Poston, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs also depends on how early life experiences of a child's life can affect there hierarchy of needs and how they are able to meet there needs. If a child has good life experince in their childhood then the individual will excel at reaching self-confidence and self-esteem at a higher and faster rate. On the contrary if a child has bad life experience when growing up then the individual will reach self-confidence and self-esteem at a slower rate or they may never reach it.