Non-Stop Decay:
editIt is a cellular procedure of distinguishing and subtracting aberrant transcripts that deficient of a stop codons.[1] These stop codons in the messenger RNA are responsible for instructing the synthesis of proteins to end.[2] The aberrant transcripts are identified meanwhile translation when the ribosome translate into the poly A tail and stop at the 3' end of mRNA. [1][2]Non-stop transcript can occur when transcriptions revoke owing to point mutation that damage the stop codon. [1]Moreover, some transcriptions are more likely to preserve the low scale of gene expression in a particular state.[1]
The non-stop decay approach discharges the ribosomes that have stalled at the 3' end of mRNA and direct the mRNA to the exosome complex, where it capable of degrading various types of RNA, or to the RNase R in Bacteria.[3]
Liberation of the Ribosome:
editThe trans-translation procedure is a Bacterial mechanism to solve stalled ribosome at the mRNA.[3] It consists of the hybrid transfer RNA and messenger RNA (tm-RNA) with its important small protein SmpB.[3] When the ribosome stall at the 3'end of mRNA therefor the tm-RNA joined to the bacteria's ribosome from the A site and has amino acid attached to it (11-amino acid tag).[4] Then, the amino acid binds to the polypeptide chain.[4] After that, the normal translation will translate the tm-RNA codons sequence that will provide a particular tag which states the incompleteness of the protein.[4] Ultimately, liberated that stalled ribosome. [4]
Reference:
edit- ^ a b c d Klauer, A. Alejandra; van Hoof, Ambro (2012-09-01). "Degradation of mRNAs that lack a stop codon: a decade of nonstop progress". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA. 3 (5): 649–660. doi:10.1002/wrna.1124. ISSN 1757-7012.
- ^ a b [Krebs, J. E., Goldstein, E. S., Kilpatrick, S. T., & Lewin, B. (2018). Lewins genes XII. Burlington: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Krebs, J. E., Goldstein, E. S., Kilpatrick, S. T., & Lewin, B. (2018). Lewins genes XII. Burlington: Jones & Bartlett Learning.]
{{cite journal}}: Check|url=value (help); Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ a b c Venkataraman, Krithika; Guja, Kip; Garcia-Diaz, Miguel; Karzai, Wali (2014). "Non-stop mRNA decay: a special attribute of trans-translation mediated ribosome rescue". Frontiers in Microbiology. 5. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00093. ISSN 1664-302X.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b c d Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P (2002). molecular biology of the cell 4th edition. new york: Garland Science.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)