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Sosnytsia Regiment
Сосницький полк
Active1648 - 1649
1663 - 1668
CountryCossack Hetmanate
TypeCossack Regiment
Size4 sotnias (1648-1649)
Garrison/HQSosnytsia, Ukraine
Engagements
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Yakiv Skydan

The Sosnytsia Regiment (Ukrainian: Сосницький полк, romanized: Sosnytskyi polk) was one the territorial-administrative subdivisions of the Cossack Hetmanate. The regiment's capital was the city of Sosnytsia, now an urban-type settlement in Chernihiv Oblast of north-central Ukraine. The regiment existed from 1648 to 1649, it was disbanded after Treaty of Zboriv. In 1663 it was recreated and lasted until 1668 when again it was disbanded.

History

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1648-1649

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In August 1648,[1][2] during Khmelnytsky Uprising, Regiment was raised from Sosnytsia company of newly liberated Sosnytsia Okrug of Novhorod County of Chernihiv Voivodeship.[3] Other than the regimental capital of Sosnytsia, it covered towns and villages of Lavy, Rudnia, Ustia, Upper Yaklychi, Lower Yaklychi, Zmitniv, Koniatyn, Kozlenychi and Shabalyniv.[4] Colonel Leontii Rukashka became the first commander.[5] Yurii Khmelnytsky, brother of hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky[6] was also a colonel of the regiment in 1648[7] and until it was dissolved in 1649. Tsardom of Russia, Bryansk Voivode Nikofor Meshchersky in a letter to Alexis of Russia received on 11 November [O.S. 1 November] 1648, mentions a letter from Bohdan to his brother Yurii. While Bohdan was continuing his campaign toward Warsaw, Yurii was ordered to remain in Sosnytsia and neighboring cities of Novhorod-Siverskyi, Starodub and Pochep. His regiment was to guard grain and to scout for enemy forces.[8] In the cossack register of 1649, he is listed in Chernihiv Regiment, not holding any rank. His name was also given as Yusko, Iosko.[9] Shortly after Treaty of Zboriv, in 1649, the regiment was disbanded. The Sosnytsia sotnia was transferred to Chernihiv Regiment. The cossack register of 1649, only lists Sosnytsia company and does not mention the regiment.[10]

1663-1668

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The regiment was revived by newly elected Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky, in July 1663.[5][11] It was formed from sotnias of Nizhyn Regiment, located close to Sosnytsia.[12] As the Nizhyn Regiment was too big and influential, being comprised of 36 sotnias, Briukhovetsky decided to carve out 3 new regiments from it.[13][14][15] He appointed Yakiv Skydan to lead the regiment.[16] The regiment fought in the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667). During the winter of 1663-64 campaign by Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth king John II Casimir Vasa and Great Hetman of Lithuania Paweł Jan Sapieha led a large force to fight the Russian forces. Skydan with the regiment was stationed in Berezna and later led raid against Commonwealth baggage train.[17] In January 1664,[5] Yakiv Skydan with a force of 600 cavalry attacked Commonwealth units led by Sapieha near Sosnytsia. He was defeated and captured.[18][19] Later Skydan was executed by impalement.[17] Kostomarov lists John III Sobieski as commander of forces who defeated Skydan.[20]

In 1668, the regiment was again disbanded by Demian Mnohohrishny. In 1668, the regiment was again disbanded by Petro Doroshenko after his to campaign to Left-bank Ukraine. The Sosnytsia sotnia was again transferred to Chernihiv Regiment as it was in 1649. Zaruba lists Petro Doroshenko as person who disbanded the regiment on Sosnytsia sotnia page,[21] and Demian Mnohohrishny on Sosnytsia Regiment page.[22]

 
Sosnytsia regiment sotnias location (1648-1649). Red dots are villages belonging to regiment.


[23] [24]

Structure

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The regiment comprised 4 sotnias during 1648-1649:[22]

  • Sosnytsia 1st
  • Sosnytsia 2nd
  • Volynka
  • Kyselivka

The regiments composition during 1658-1663 is unknown.

Commanders

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All commanders were Colonels.[5]

Krjvosheja lists Yakiv Skydan as a colonel from 1662 to September 1663, while also listing him as Yatsko, which is a different version of the name Yakiv. [28] Gajecky spells his name as Iakiv.[3] Myshanych also writes that Skydan was a colonel during 1648-1649. He also gives name for Rukashka as Rakushka.[29]

Yakiv Skydan was a registered cossack of 2nd Irkliiv sootnia of the Kropyvna Regiment in 1649.[30]

References

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  1. ^ Boiko, Volodymyr; Pryhorovskyi, Vitalii (2010). Lepiavko, Serhii (ed.). Сосниця - європейське місто [Sosnytsia - a European city] (in Ukrainian). Chernihiv: V. M. Lozovy. p. 10. ISBN 978-966-2482-36-2.
  2. ^ Onyshchenko, I. Z.; Pryhorosckyi, V. M. (1972). "Історія міст і сіл Української РСР Чернігівська область" [The history of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR. Chernihiv Oblast.]. In Derykolenko, O. I.; Butko, O. G.; Vlasenko, V. I.; Horbach, V. M.; et al. (eds.). The History of Cities and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR (in Ukrainian). Vol. 25. Kyiv: Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia. p. 618. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  3. ^ a b Gajecky, George (1978). The Cossack administration of the Hetmanate. Vol. I. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. p. 110. ISBN 0-916458-02-4.
  4. ^ Krjvosheja, Volodymyr (2002). Генеалогія українського козацтва : Нариси історії козацьких полків [Genealogy of Ukrainian Cossacks: Essays on the History of Cossack Regiments] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Stylos. pp. 59–61. ISBN 966-8009-15-0.
  5. ^ a b c d Gajecky, George (1978). The Cossack administration of the Hetmanate. Vol. II. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute. pp. 636–637. ISBN 0-916458-02-4.
  6. ^ Krjvosheja, Volodymyr (2002). Генеалогія українського козацтва : Нариси історії козацьких полків [Genealogy of Ukrainian Cossacks: Essays on the History of Cossack Regiments] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Stylos. pp. 103–104. ISBN 966-8009-15-0.
  7. ^ Krjvosheja, Volodymyr (2008). Козацька еліта Гетьманщини [Cossack elite of the Hetmanate] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. p. 65. ISBN 978-966-02-4850-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. ^ a b Kostomarov, N, ed. (1873). "Акты, относящиеся к истории Южной и Западной России" [Acts relating to the history of Southern and Western Russia]. Archaeological Commission (in Russian). Vol. VIII. St. Petersburg: Pratts. pp. 275–276. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  9. ^ Panashenko et al. 1995, p. 478.
  10. ^ Panashenko et al. 1995, pp. 485–486.
  11. ^ Krjvosheja, Volodymyr (2008). Козацька еліта Гетьманщини [Cossack elite of the Hetmanate] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. p. 183. ISBN 978-966-02-4850-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. ^ Panashenko, Vira (1997). Полкове управління в Україні (середина XVII-XVIII ст.) [Regimental administration in Ukraine (mid-17th-18th centuries)] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. p. 5. ISBN 5-7702-1083-4.
  13. ^ Lunyak, Yevhen (2013). Криваве Різдво Салтикової Дівиці 1664-го року [Bloody Christmas of the Saltykova Maiden in 1664] (in Ukrainian). Nizhyn: Nizhin state University named after Mykola Gogol. p. 21. ISBN 978-617-527-097-4.
  14. ^ Morozov, Oleksandr, ed. (2019). Нариси історії Ніжині козацької доби. Збірник публікацій та матеріалів [Essays on the history of Nizhny during the Cossack period. Collection of publications and materials] (in Ukrainian). Nizhyn: Nizhin state University named after Mykola Gogol. p. 142. ISBN 978-617-640-459-0.
  15. ^ Rostovska, Olha; Zhelezko, Roman (2010). Posohkhov, S. (ed.). "Події 1657—1663 років на Ніжинщині: українсько-російське протистояння та громадянська війна в Україні" [Events in the 1657–1663 in Nizhyn region: Ukrainian-Russian confrontation and civil war in Ukraine]. Sìverânsʹkij lìtopis (in Ukrainian) (9 (12)). Kyiv: 84. ISBN 978-966-8999-16-1. ISSN 2078-063X.
  16. ^ Rostovska, Olha (1999). "Ніжинський козацький полк" [Nizhyn cossack regiment]. Sìverânsʹkij lìtopis (in Ukrainian) (3): 84. ISSN 2518-7422.
  17. ^ a b Dendak, A. (2018). Melnychuk, O.; et al. (eds.). "Сосницький Полк та Яків Скидан у Бойових Діях 1663 – 1664 рр" [Sosnytsia Regiment and Yakiv Skydan in the Battles of 1663-1664.] (PDF). Herald of student scientific society (in Ukrainian) (19). Nizhyn: Nizhin state University named after Mykola Gogol: 45–52. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
  18. ^ Rousseau de La Valette, Michel (1679). Casimir Roy De Pologne [Casimir King of Poland] (in French). Vol. II. Lyon: Chez Thomas Amaulry. p. 186.
  19. ^ Lunyak, Yevhen (2013). Козацька Україна XVI-XVIII ст. очима французьких сучасників [Cossack Ukraine of the XVI-XVIII centuries. through the eyes of French contemporaries] (in Ukrainian). Nizhyn: Nizhin state University named after Mykola Gogol. p. 86. ISBN 978-617-527-108-7.
  20. ^ Kostomarov, Nikolay (1995). Руина [Ruin] (in Russian). Moscow: Charli. p. 26. ISBN 5-86859-0-18-X.
  21. ^ Zaruba 2007, pp. 204–205.
  22. ^ a b Zaruba 2007, p. 92.
  23. ^ Levytsky, Orest (1878). Літопис Самовидця [Chronicle of Samovidets] (in Russian). Kyiv. p. 81.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  24. ^ Bodyansky, Osip (1846). Летопись самовидца о войнах Богдана Хмельницкого [Chronicle of Samovidets on wars of Bohdan Khmelnytsky] (in Russian). Kyiv. p. 43.
  25. ^ a b Panashenko, Vira (1997). Полкове управління в Україні (середина XVII-XVIII ст.) [Regimental administration in Ukraine (mid-17th-18th centuries)] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. p. 57. ISBN 5-7702-1083-4.
  26. ^ Zaruba 2007, pp. 92, 346.
  27. ^ Krjvosheja, Volodymyr (2008). Козацька еліта Гетьманщини [Cossack elite of the Hetmanate] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv. p. 188. ISBN 978-966-02-4850-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  28. ^ Krjvosheja, Volodymyr (2010). "Козацька старшина Кропивнянського полку доби Національної революції середини ХVІІ ст" [Cossack officers of Kropyvna regiment of the era of the National Revolution during middle of the 17th century]. Collection of scientific papers «Gileya: scientific herald» (in Ukrainian) (38): 8. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  29. ^ Myshanych, Yaroslav (2019). "Українська історіографічна проза XVIII – першої половини XIX ст. в оцінці Михайла Максимовича" [Ukrainian Historiographic Prose of the 18th – the First Half of the 19th century in Assessment of Mykhailo Maksymovych]. Slovo i Chas (in Ukrainian). 10 (706): 54. doi:10.33608/0236-1477.2019.10.3-13. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
  30. ^ Panashenko et al. 1995, p. 356.

Sources

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Category:Cossack Hetmanate Regiments Category:History of Chenihiv Oblast

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