Babao seal paste (simplified Chinese: 八宝印泥; traditional Chinese: 八寶印泥; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Poeh pó ìn-nî) is a traditional handicraft made in Zhangzhou, Fujian, China. It dates to the Qing Dynasty and is honoured as one of Zhangzhou's "Three Precious Treasures".[1] In 1983, its recipe was guarded as "top secret" by the Chinese Ministry of Light Industry.[2] Babao seal paste was added to the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2008[3] and the China Time-honored Brand list by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce in 2011.
Characteristics
editBabao seal paste is made from eight precious materials: musk, pearl, rhesus macaque bezoar, agate, coral, gold, borneolum and amber.[4] These ingredients are ground into a powder, with additional materials, before processing by a secret technique. The finished product is available in six grades. Babao seal paste is characterized by its bright color and good aroma. It is also fire and water-resistant.[5]
Three main traditional studios make seal paste in Zhangzhou: Xiling Seal Art Society in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province; Rongbaozhai in Beijing; and Babao Workshop in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province.[6] They rank it top among other seal paste brands in China.
History
editBabao seal paste has its origins in 1673 during the Qing Dynasty.[7] Zhangzhou Yuanfeng Drugstore owner Wei Chang’an (Chinese: 魏長安/魏长安) combined the eight ingredients of the paste to make an ointment he called Babao. Due to its high cost, the ointment was not widely used at that time. After using the ointment on his art and discovering its impressive color, Changan repurposed the mixture as Babao seal paste.
In 1746, local government official named Si Da gave Babao seal paste a name called Lihua Workshop. The paste was sent to the royal palace as a tribute, and the Qianlong Emperor often bestowed it on his ministers. Royal favor helped popularize Babao seal paste in Chinese culture.[8] Babao seal paste won a special award at the 1910 Nanyang Commodity Exposition and won the first prize at the 1915 Panama–Pacific International Exposition. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the paste was sent to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt as a national present.[when?][9]
External links
edit- Zhangzhou Babao Seal Paste Workshop Official Website (漳州八宝印泥厂)[permanent dead link] (Chinese language)
- Zhangzhou Babao Seal Paste Traditional Making Process (漳州八宝印泥传统制作工艺) (Chinese language)
References
edit- ^ ""八宝印泥"的现状与未来发展". Zhongguo Jiti Jingji. 2010, (17).
- ^ "八宝印泥 - 古城非遗". www.zhangzhou.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2016-10-23. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ "文化部公示第二批国家级非物质文化遗产推荐名单". The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 29 January 2008.
- ^ "永不褪色的漳州八宝印泥_新闻中心_新浪网". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ "福建漳州八宝印泥". People.cn.
- ^ Wang, Chao. "Stamp of Quality" (PDF) – via CHINADAILY ASIA WEEKLY.
- ^ "八宝印泥传承人杨锡伟：品重珍珠 永葆本色". www.scio.gov.cn. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ "漳州八宝印泥开始"申遗"_新闻中心_新浪网". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ "一批魏氏"丽华斋"八宝印泥遗物在漳州被发现". www.china.com.cn. Retrieved 2016-10-22.