User:Colby5481/sandbox

Habitat

Natural Habitat

The Pacific dogfish's habitat consists of bays, inshore and offshore waters. Female dogfish usually are usually seen in inshore waters while smalls pups are seen maneuvering in offshore waters.These animals are usually spotted at the bottom of the continental shelf or in other words the bottom of the sea. The Pacific dogfish prefers to live mainly in saltwater, but they can live in and tolerate brackish water (a mix of salt and fresh water). .

Location

Dogfish in general live in three main areas of the ocean: the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian ocean. This species can be found all around the world, but this specific type of spiny dogfish lives in the Pacific ocean. Spiny dogfish in the northern Pacific Ocean have recently been reevaluated and found to constitute a separate species, now known as the Pacific spiny dogfish.

Threatening

Threats to Humans

The Pacific dogfish poses no immediate threat to humans. It is rare to hear about this type of shark attacking and injuring humans. The only significant way that the Pacific dogfish can cause harm to a human is if a person get near the poisonous spikes that are located at the dorsal fin.

Human Threats

The status of this species has been threatened over the past years by humans. This species is very vulnerable and has been suffering from overfishing which is having a significant effect on the Pacific dogfish population. In the 1980s and the 1990s, the National Marine Fisheries Service influenced fisheries and fisherman to fish out the spiny dogfish because other types of valuable fish populations were declining due to overfishing. Since all fisheries started to target the spiny dogfish population, their population started to rapidly decrease and became a threatened species. During the 1990s, there was a 75% reduction in female mature dogfish because dogfish fisheries started to increase. Fisherman and fisheries usually target female dogfish because they are larger in size than males. Fisherman also target female dogfish because since they are larger in size, it is easier for fisheries to hold and cut them. From the start of 1998, people began to see that this population of spiny dogfish was declining, so the National Marine Fisheries Service decided to implement restrictions in the federal waters to help the population regrow. The human race is threatening this species because dogfish is in high demand for food delicacies because the decline of other fish populations. Scientists also ask for fisheries to fish out dogfish because they can secrete the molecule squalamine which is an aminosterol compound with potent broad spectrum antimicrobial activity discovered in the tissues. Scientists use this compound as an antibiotic for people with cancer.

Threats from other Species

The main species of animals that threaten the Pacific dogfish population are sharks, killer Whales, seals, and larger bony fishes. There would be a lot more predators of the Pacific dogfish if it wasn't for their size and aggressive nature, but mainly why these animals are not attacked is because poisonous spikes which are attached to the shark's dorsal fin which can be lethal to any predator who tries to attack and consume the Pacific dogfish.

Migration

The Pacific dogfish usually undertake long migrations depending on the fluctuation of food that is available in the ocean and also depending on the temperature of the water. Due to the changing temperature of the ocean, the dogfish usually migrate north in the spring and summer and they usually migrate south in the fall and winter. This aquatic species is know to migrate seasonally off the shores of Canada. gran The species is known to travel a long way during migration. Some travel as long as 5,000 miles. There have been some researchers who have suggested that the species do not mass migrate, only a small percentage of the spiny dogfish do based off their scientific research and evidence.

Lead Section

The instructions that have been written on this Wikipedia page have been designed to help Wikipedia users write a well-informed Wikipedia article. These instructions closely examine the sub-genre of food articles and gives an in depth look on how to create a well-written food article. There are two main food articles that I studied to create this instruction on how to create a food article, which are the articles crab dip and gumbo. From these instructions, you will see the comparisons of these two articles and you will understand what is needed to create a good article.

Sources

After analyzing and examining Wikipedia, there are few ways in which a person can succeed in writing a good a Wikipedia article. Before writing the article, he or she should conduct research to gather information on the topic that they are researching. By gathering more information from different sources, you will gain a better sense of the topic and be better informed rather than writing the article with the information you originally new about the topic. In addition to researching, a person must use credible sources in order to write a well-informed and reliable Wikipedia page that people can use. You need to have well-justified and valid information that can be supported with credibility. Most people have the stereotypical view that Wikipedia pages aren't reliant because anyone can right on Wikipedia, but by doing research and gathering credible resources, this will provide conclusive information to your readers.

Organization

Consistency

Being able to write with consistency allows readers to follow the writing from the Wikipedia page more easily. This doesn't particularly just consists of your writing but how your portray it. For example, all Wikipedia pages consist of page titles, headings, and sub-headings. In the Wikipedia page for gumbo, they have the page title, gumbo, then different headings with sub-headings under some of the headings.

Hyperlinks

A hyperlink is link that references information about a certain topic by just clicking on a specific hyperlink where the link shall take you to another web page. Hyperlinks are good way to intertwine information within a Wikipedia page, while also providing neatness to the Wikipedia article. For example, if you are on the article crap dip, there will probably be a hyperlink to crabs, since it is the main ingredient in the dip, and that will take you to the Wikipedia article on crabs.

Length

In order to right a well-created Wikipedia article, the article needs to written in depth with much detail to explain the main ideas or points of the topic. If anyone were to write a Wikipedia page on food, I examined two food articles that consisted of crab dip and gumbo. When analyzing both of these articles, the average length of the two articles is 1,880 words. The crap dip article had a word count of 533, without references, while the article on gumbo consisted of 3,330 words. A Wikipedia article should be in between the length of 1,000 words to 2,000. Through these two articles, we see that one article has not reached the mark while the other has exceed the maximum mark. The best way to write a good Wikipedia article is by meeting somewhere in the middle for these articles. By doing so, you will reach the mark for having enough depth while not having too much or not enough depth within the article. Too much information can cause the reader to drift, so making sure you are at a good length will keep the readers' attention.

References

When trying to write for a specific topic, the resources that are provided on the web may be limited depending on the topic that a person is trying write about, so every topic will vary in depth depending on the resources provided. The more sources an individual has referred to in his writing, the better the information that is being provided to the readers. For example, articles on different types of food may not have many resources compared to other categories that consist of greater resources. Wikipedia's page on crab dip has a total of 24 references compared to other Wikipedia articles like bacteria has a total of 206 references, so it varies on topic. When writing about different types of food, there are gonna be limitations because different subgenres of food aren't going to have many resources; furthermore, with limited resources the Wikipedia writer is going to have to elaborate and expand upon the sources and information that is being given through different websites or books.

Bias

Another factor to succeed in writing a good Wikipedia article is writing with non- bias. Wikipedia articles should not be written with bias because you are providing information about a topic with credible sources, not trying to prove a point or influence others. Wikipedia follows a natural point of view policy. Wikipedia's "natural point of view" means that it is not biased toward one matter. Wikipedia writers make sure that the article is written from the point of knowledge rather than arguing for a controversial topic. Wikipedia writers usually write from many different perspectives to show each of the views and not just a particular one.

Lead Section

In social psychology, a stereotype is any thought widely adopted about specific types of individuals or certain ways of behaving intended to represent the entire group of those individuals or behaviors as a whole. These thoughts or beliefs may or may not accurately reflect reality. However, this is only a fundamental psychological definition of a stereotype. Within psychology and spanning across other disciplines, there are different conceptualizations and theories of stereotyping that provide their own expanded definition. Some of these definitions share commonalities, though each one may also harbor unique aspects that may contradict the others. Different disciplines give different accounts of how stereotypes develop: Psychologists may focus on an individual's experience with groups, patterns of communication about those groups, and intergroup conflict. As for sociologists, they may focus on the relations among different groups in a social structure. They suggest that stereotypes are the result of conflict, poor parenting, and inadequate mental and emotional development. Stereotypes can have powerful effects on individuals and certain groups of people. Stereotypes can lead to discrimination in labor markets and other domains. Stereotype-based expectations may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies, in which one's inaccurate expectations about a person's behavior, through social interaction, prompt that person to act in stereotype-consistent ways. Stereotypes can affect self-evaluations and lead to self-stereotyping as well.