User:Constant314/Generalized Impedance Converter

A generalized impedance converter or GIC is a sub-circuit that can be used to implement an active impedance. Its applications include implementations of simulated inductors, gyrators, frequency dependent negative resistors, second order active filters and second order active filters with transmission zeroes. A variety of implementations exist. Temes describes four implementations, but notes that the different implementations have different stability properties.^[1]^{: 274–276} Chen^[2]^: 2400 and Wait^[3]^: 290 describe circuits based on state variable filters.

Schematic

Schematic of a generalized impedance converter described by Temes and LaPatra.^[1]
Schematic of a generalized impedance converter described by Wait, Huelsman and Korn.^[3]^: 290

Applications

simulated inductor

frequency dependent negative resistor

Schematic of a frequency dependent negative resistor.

Wait gives the circuit shown to the right as suitable for a grounded FDNR.^[3]^: 290

gyrator

Gyrator schematic labelled

Schematic of a grounded gyrator described by Temes and LaPatra.

References

^ ^a ^b Temes, Gabor C.; LaPatra, Jack W. (1977), Circuit Synthesis and Design (1st ed.), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 007063489-0
^ Chen, Wai-Kai (1995). The Circuits and Filters Handbook. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-8341-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c Wait, John V.; Huelsman, Lawrence P.; Korn, Granino A. (1992), Introduction to Operational Amplifier Theory and Applications (2nd ed.), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 007067770-0

[Temes-1] Temes, Gabor C.; LaPatra, Jack W. (1977), Circuit Synthesis and Design (1st ed.), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 007063489-0

[Chen-2] Chen, Wai-Kai (1995). The Circuits and Filters Handbook. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-8341-2.

[Wait-3] Wait, John V.; Huelsman, Lawrence P.; Korn, Granino A. (1992), Introduction to Operational Amplifier Theory and Applications (2nd ed.), McGraw-Hill, ISBN 007067770-0

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