This is a draft article. It is a work in progress open to editing by anyone. Please ensure core content policies are met before publishing it as a live Wikipedia article at Levels of government. Find sources: Google (books · news · scholar · free images · WP refs) · FENS · JSTOR · TWL Last edited by Daask (talk | contribs) 11 months ago. (Update) |
Levels of government is
Choosing a level of government
editDecisions about what happens at which level of government, implications of those decisions
Differences between levels of government
editThis section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (November 2023) |
Relationships between levels of government
editThis section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (November 2023) |
See also
editReferences
editFurther reading
edit- LADD, HELEN F.; DOOLITTLE, FRED C. (1 September 1982). "WHICH LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT SHOULD ASSIST THE POOR?". National Tax Journal. 35 (3). University of Chicago Press: 323–336. doi:10.1086/ntj41862448. ISSN 0028-0283.
- Olson, Mancur. (1969). The principle of "fiscal equivalence": the division of responsibilities among different levels of government. The American economic review, 59(2), 479-487.
- Joumard, I., & Kongsrud, P. M. (2003). Fiscal relations across government levels. OECD Economic Studies, 2003(1), 155-229.
- King, D. (2016). Fiscal Tiers (Routledge Revivals): The Economics of Multi-Level Government. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-23553-8.
- Bardhan, Pranab; Mookherjee, Dilip (1 May 2000). "Capture and Governance at Local and National Levels". American Economic Review. 90 (2). American Economic Association: 135–139. doi:10.1257/aer.90.2.135. ISSN 0002-8282.
- Heinelt, Hubert; Hlepas, Nikolaos-K. "Typologies of Local Government Systems". The European Mayor. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. doi:10.1007/978-3-531-90005-6_2. ISBN 978-3-531-14574-7.
- Blank, Y. (2010). Federalism, subsidiarity, and the role of local governments in an age of global multilevel governance. Fordham Urb. LJ, 37, 509.
- Inman, R. P. (1988). Federal Assistance and Local Services in the United States: The Evolution of a New. In Fiscal federalism: Quantitative studies (pp. 33-78). University of Chicago Press.
- Engel, K. (2006). State and local climate change initiatives: What is motivating state and local governments to address a global problem and what does this say about federalism and environmental law. Urb. Law., 38, 1015.
- Nicolaidis, K.; Howse, R. (2001). The Federal Vision: Legitimacy and Levels of Governance in the United States and the European Union. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-152962-7.
- Davidson, N. M. (2007). Cooperative localism: Federal-local collaboration in an era of state sovereignty. Immigr. & Nat'lity L. Rev., 28, 167. https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1157&context=faculty_scholarship
- Borcherding, T. E., & Deacon, R. T. (1972). The demand for the services of non-federal governments. The American economic review, 62(5), 891-901.
- Grodzins, M.; Elazar, D.J. (1966). The American System: A New View of Government in the United States. Political theory series. Rand McNally. ISBN 978-1-4128-3587-9. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Joumard, I., & Kongsrud, P. M. (2003). Fiscal relations across government levels. OECD Economic Studies, 2003(1), 155-229.
- Termeer, C. J., Dewulf, A., & Van Lieshout, M. (2010). Disentangling scale approaches in governance research: comparing monocentric, multilevel, and adaptive governance. Ecology and society, 15(4).
- SKELCHER, CHRIS (2005). "Jurisdictional Integrity, Polycentrism, and the Design of Democratic Governance". Governance. 18 (1). Wiley: 89–110. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2004.00267.x. ISSN 0952-1895.
- Valverde, M. (2008). Analyzing the governance of security: Jurisdiction and scale. BEHEMOTH-A Journal on Civilisation, 1(1), 3-15.
- Gjerde, Kristina M.; Yadav, Siddharth Shekhar (26 August 2021). "Polycentricity and Regional Ocean Governance: Implications for the Emerging UN Agreement on Marine Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction". Frontiers in Marine Science. 8. Frontiers Media SA. doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.704748. ISSN 2296-7745.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Fox, W.F.; Gurley, T.; World Bank (2006). Will Consolidation Improve Sub-national Governments?. Policy research working paper. World Bank. ISBN 978-605-05-1102-4. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Moss, Timothy; Newig, Jens (2010). "Multilevel Water Governance and Problems of Scale: Setting the Stage for a Broader Debate". Environmental Management. 46 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 1–6. doi:10.1007/s00267-010-9531-1. ISSN 0364-152X.
- Carlisle, Keith; Gruby, Rebecca L. (8 August 2017). "Polycentric Systems of Governance: A Theoretical Model for the Commons". Policy Studies Journal. 47 (4). Wiley: 927–952. doi:10.1111/psj.12212. ISSN 0190-292X.
- McGinnis, M. D. (2005, June). Costs and challenges of polycentric governance. In Workshop on analyzing problems of polycentric governance in the growing EU, Humboldt University, Berlin.
- Greer, R., Moldogaziev, T., & Scott, T. (2018). Polycentric governance and the impact of special districts on fiscal common pools. International Journal of the Commons, 12(2).
- Thiel, A.; Garrick, D.E.; Blomquist, W.A. (2019). Governing Complexity: Analyzing and Applying Polycentricity. Cambridge Studies in Economics, Choice, and Society. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-41998-7. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Ostrom, Elinor. (2012). Polycentric systems: Multilevel governance involving a diversity of organizations. Global environmental commons: Analytical and political challenges in building governance mechanisms, 105-125. in * Brousseau, E.; Dedeurwaerdere, T.; Jouvet, P.A.; Willinger, M. (2012). Global Environmental Commons: Analytical and Political Challenges in Building Governance Mechanisms. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-163017-0.
- Van der Heijden, J. (2018). Cities and sub-national governance: High ambitions, innovative instruments and polycentric collaborations.
- Mahon, Robin; Fanning, Lucia (2019). "Regional ocean governance: Integrating and coordinating mechanisms for polycentric systems". Marine Policy. 107. Elsevier BV: 103589. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103589. ISSN 0308-597X.
- Goldthau, Andreas (2014). "Rethinking the governance of energy infrastructure: Scale, decentralization and polycentrism". Energy Research & Social Science. 1. Elsevier BV: 134–140. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2014.02.009. ISSN 2214-6296.
- Ostrom, Elinor (6 August 2010). "Nested externalities and polycentric institutions: must we wait for global solutions to climate change before taking actions at other scales?". Economic Theory. 49 (2). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 353–369. doi:10.1007/s00199-010-0558-6. ISSN 0938-2259.
- van der Heijden, Jeroen (2018). "Cities and Sub-national Governance: High Ambitions, Innovative Instruments and Polycentric Collaborations". SSRN Electronic Journal. Elsevier BV. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3762544. ISSN 1556-5068.
- van der Heijden, Jeroen, Cities and Sub-national Governance: High Ambitions, Innovative Instruments and Polycentric Collaborations (2018). Jordan, A. et al. (eds), Governing Climate Change: Polycentricity in Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3762544 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3762544
- Ostrom, Elinor (2008). "Polycentric Systems as One Approach for Solving Collective-Action Problems". SSRN Electronic Journal. Elsevier BV. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1936061. ISSN 1556-5068.
- Ostrom, Elinor, Polycentric Systems as One Approach for Solving Collective-Action Problems (2008). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1304697 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1304697
- Greer, Robert A; Scott, Tyler A (2 July 2019). "A Network Autonomy Framework: Reconceptualizing Special District Autonomy in Polycentric Systems". Perspectives on Public Management and Governance. Oxford University Press (OUP). doi:10.1093/ppmgov/gvz006. ISSN 2398-4910.
- LIESBET, HOOGHE; GARY, MARKS (2003). "Unraveling the Central State, but How? Types of Multi-level Governance". American Political Science Review. 97 (02). Cambridge University Press (CUP). doi:10.1017/s0003055403000649. ISSN 0003-0554.
- Lieberman, Evan S. (2011). "The perils of polycentric governance of infectious disease in South Africa". Social Science & Medicine. 73 (5). Elsevier BV: 676–684. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.012. ISSN 0277-9536.
- Paniagua, Pablo; Rayamajhee, Veeshan (18 November 2021). "A polycentric approach for pandemic governance: nested externalities and co-production challenges". Journal of Institutional Economics. 18 (4). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 537–552. doi:10.1017/s1744137421000795. ISSN 1744-1374.
- Stokan, Eric; Hatch, Megan E.; Overton, Michael (14 November 2022). "Fifty years as the fourth pillar of public administration: A polycentric extension of the social equity framework". Public Administration. Wiley. doi:10.1111/padm.12888. ISSN 0033-3298.
- Schröder, Nadine Jenny Shirin (2018). "The lens of polycentricity: Identifying polycentric governance systems illustrated through examples from the field of water governance". Environmental Policy and Governance. 28 (4). Wiley: 236–251. doi:10.1002/eet.1812. ISSN 1756-932X.
- Bache, I.; Flinders, M., eds. (2004). Multi-level Governance. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-153180-4. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Stephenson, P. (2017). Twenty years of multi-level governance:‘Where does it come from? What is it? Where is it going?’. In Frameworks of the European Union's Policy Process (pp. 11-31). Routledge. in Frameworks of the European Union’s Policy Process. Routledge. 5 July 2017. doi:10.4324/9781315093994. ISBN 978-1-315-09399-4.
- Enderlein, H., Walti, S., & Zurn, M. (Eds.). (2010). Handbook on multi-level governance. Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2001). Types of multi-level governance. European integration online papers (EIoP), 5(11).
- Piattoni, Simona (2009). "Multi‐level Governance: a Historical and Conceptual Analysis". Journal of European Integration. 31 (2). Informa UK Limited: 163–180. doi:10.1080/07036330802642755. ISSN 0703-6337.
- Hooghe, L.; Marks, G. (2001). Multi-level Governance and European Integration. Governance in Europe. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7425-1020-3. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Piattoni, S. (2010). The Theory of Multi-level Governance: Conceptual, Empirical, and Normative Challenges. The Theory of Multi-level Governance: Conceptual, Empirical, and Normative Challenges. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-956292-3. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Bache, I.; Flinders, M. (2004). Multi-level Governance. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-153180-4. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Marks, Gary (1996). "An actor‐centred approach to multi‐level governance". Regional & Federal Studies. 6 (2). Informa UK Limited: 20–38. doi:10.1080/13597569608420966. ISSN 1359-7566.
- Gupta, Joyeeta (2007). "The multi-level governance challenge of climate change". Environmental Sciences. 4 (3). Informa UK Limited: 131–137. doi:10.1080/15693430701742669. ISSN 1569-3430.
- Smith, A. (2007). Multi-level Governance: What It is and How Can be Studied. Handbook of Public Administration. Londres, sage, 377-394. in * Peters, B.G.; Pierre, J. (2007). Handbook of Public Administration: Concise Paperback Edition. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1-4462-0478-8. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Börzel, Tanja A.; Heard-Lauréote, Karen (3 July 2009). "Networks in EU Multi-level Governance: Concepts and Contributions". Journal of Public Policy. 29 (2). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 135–151. doi:10.1017/s0143814x09001044. ISSN 0143-814X.
- Daniell, K.A.; Kay, A. (2017). Multi-level Governance: Conceptual challenges and case studies from Australia. Australia and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). ANU Press. ISBN 978-1-76046-160-7. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Scharpf, Fritz W. (1997). "Introduction: the problem-solving capacity of multi-level governance". Journal of European Public Policy. 4 (4). Informa UK Limited: 520–538. doi:10.1080/135017697344046. ISSN 1350-1763.
- Allain-Dupré, Dorothée (20 August 2020). "The multi-level governance imperative". The British Journal of Politics and International Relations. 22 (4). SAGE Publications: 800–808. doi:10.1177/1369148120937984. ISSN 1369-1481.
- Jessop, Bob. "From Governance to Governance Failure and from Multi-level Governance to Multi-scalar Meta-governance". Environment & Policy. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9480-4_4. ISBN 978-1-4020-9479-8. ISSN 1383-5130.
- Peters, B. G., & Pierre, J. (2004). Multi-level governance: a Faustian bargain?. Multi-level governance, 75-89. https://web.archive.org/web/20040106043847id_/http://www.shef.ac.uk:80/~perc/mlgc/papers/peters-pierre.pdf
- Jessop, B. (2004). Hollowing out the ‘nation-state’and multi-level governance. A handbook of comparative social policy, 11-25. in * Kennett, P. (2013). A Handbook of Comparative Social Policy, Second Edition. Elgar Original Reference Series. Edward Elgar. ISBN 978-1-78254-653-5. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Armitage, D. (2008). Governance and the commons in a multi-level world. International Journal of the commons, 2(1), 7-32.
- Zürn, Michael (20 August 2020). "Unravelling multi-level governance systems". The British Journal of Politics and International Relations. 22 (4). SAGE Publications: 784–791. doi:10.1177/1369148120937449. ISSN 1369-1481.
- Ongaro, Edoardo (6 July 2015). "Multi-Level Governance: The Missing Linkages". Critical Perspectives on International Public Sector Management. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. doi:10.1108/s2045-794420150000004001. ISBN 978-1-78441-874-8. ISSN 2045-7944.
- Börzel, T. A., & Risse, T. (2000). Who is afraid of a European federation? How to constitutionalise a multi-level governance system. What kind of constitution for what kind of polity, 45-59.
- Faludi, Andreas (2012). "Multi-Level (Territorial) Governance: Three Criticisms". Planning Theory & Practice. 13 (2). Informa UK Limited: 197–211. doi:10.1080/14649357.2012.677578. ISSN 1464-9357.
- Olsson, Jan (2003). "Democracy paradoxes in multi-level governance: theorizing on structural fund system research". Journal of European Public Policy. 10 (2). Informa UK Limited: 283–300. doi:10.1080/1350176032000059044. ISSN 1350-1763.
- Stein, M., & Turkewitsch, L. (2008, May). The concept of multi-level governance in studies of federalism. In annual meeting of the International Political Science Association (IPSA) International Conference, Montreal, Quebec. https://www.pfsa.unsa.ba/pf/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Fedeeralizam-10.1.1.454.5861.pdf
- Sicilia, Mariafrancesca; Guarini, Enrico; Sancino, Alessandro; Andreani, Martino; Ruffini, Renato (5 June 2015). "Public services management and co-production in multi-level governance settings". International Review of Administrative Sciences. 82 (1). SAGE Publications: 8–27. doi:10.1177/0020852314566008. ISSN 0020-8523.
- Gibson, Ryan. (2011). A primer on collaborative multi-level governance. http://research.library.mun.ca/310/
- Papadopoulos, Yannis. (2014). Accountability and multi-level governance: more accountability, less democracy?. In Accountability and European Governance (pp. 102-121). Routledge. in * Accountability and European Governance. Routledge. 2 January 2014. doi:10.4324/9781315879390. ISBN 978-1-315-87939-0.
- Frost, Jetta; Hattke, Fabian; Reihlen, Markus (2016). "Multi-Level Governance in Universities: Strategy, Structure, Control". Multi-Level Governance in Universities. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32678-8_1. ISBN 978-3-319-32676-4. ISSN 1571-0378.
- Suškevičs, Monika (2012). "Legitimacy Analysis of Multi-Level Governance of Biodiversity: Evidence from 11 Case Studies across the EU". Environmental Policy and Governance. 22 (4). Wiley: 217–237. doi:10.1002/eet.1588. ISSN 1756-932X.
- Benz, Arthur (2000). "Two types of multi‐level governance: Intergovernmental relations in German and EU regional policy". Regional & Federal Studies. 10 (3). Informa UK Limited: 21–44. doi:10.1080/13597560008421130. ISSN 1359-7566.
- Armitage, D.; Berkes, F.; Doubleday, N. (2010). Adaptive Co-Management: Collaboration, Learning, and Multi-Level Governance. Sustainability and the Environment. UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-5972-1. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
- Zapata-Barrero, Ricard; Caponio, Tiziana; Scholten, Peter (15 March 2017). "Theorizing the 'local turn' in a multi-level governance framework of analysis: a case study in immigrant policies". International Review of Administrative Sciences. 83 (2). SAGE Publications: 241–246. doi:10.1177/0020852316688426. ISSN 0020-8523.
- Miquel, M. P., Cabeza, M. G., & Anglada, S. E. (2013). 11. Theorizing multi-level governance in social innovation dynamics. The International Handbook on Social Innovation: Collective Action, Social Learning and Transdisciplinary Research, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, UK. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marisol-Cabeza/publication/263468824_'Theorizing_multi-level_governance_in_social_innovation_dynamics'_in_F_Moulaert_D_MacCallum_A_Mehmood_A_Hamdocuch_eds_The_International_Handbook_on_Social_Innovation_Cheltenham_Edward_Elgar_Co-author_/links/54f5a0230cf2eed5d738d264/Theorizing-multi-level-governance-in-social-innovation-dynamics-in-F-Moulaert-D-MacCallum-A-Mehmood-A-Hamdocuch-eds-The-International-Handbook-on-Social-Innovation-Cheltenham-Edward-Elgar-Co-author.pdf
- Milio, Simona (13 August 2013). "The conflicting effects of multi-level governance and the partnership principle:Evidence from the Italian experience". European Urban and Regional Studies. 21 (4). SAGE Publications: 384–397. doi:10.1177/0969776413493631. ISSN 0969-7764.
- Charbit, Claire (20 August 2020). "From 'de jure' to 'de facto' decentralised public policies: The multi-level governance approach". The British Journal of Politics and International Relations. 22 (4). SAGE Publications: 809–819. doi:10.1177/1369148120937624. ISSN 1369-1481.
- Newig, Jens; Koontz, Tomas M. (8 October 2013). "Multi-level governance, policy implementation and participation: the EU's mandated participatory planning approach to implementing environmental policy". Journal of European Public Policy. 21 (2). Informa UK Limited: 248–267. doi:10.1080/13501763.2013.834070. ISSN 1350-1763.
- Conzelmann, T. (2008, September). A new mode of governing? Multi-level governance between cooperation and conflict. In Multi-Level Governance in the European Union: Taking Stock and Looking Ahead (pp. 9-31). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG.
- Gualini, Enrico (2003). "Challenges to multi-level governance: contradictions and conflicts in the Europeanization of Italian regional policy". Journal of European Public Policy. 10 (4). Informa UK Limited: 616–636. doi:10.1080/1350176032000101280. ISSN 1350-1763.
- Stubbs, P. (2005). Stretching concepts too far? Multi-level governance, policy transfer and the politics of scale in South East Europe. Southeast European Politics, 6(2), 66-87. https://www.bib.irb.hr/233126/download/233126.stubbs.pdf
- Charbit, C. (2011). Governance of public policies in decentralised contexts: The multi-level approach. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/paper/5kg883pkxkhc-en
- Allain-Dupré, Dorothée (1 July 2011). Multi-level governance of public investment: Lessons from the crisis (Report). OECD Regional Development Working Papers. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development. doi:10.1787/5kg87n3bp6jb-en. ISSN 2073-7009.
- Charbit, Claire (19 July 2011). Governance of public policies in decentralised contexts: The multi-level approach (Report). Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). doi:10.1787/5kg883pkxkhc-en. ISSN 2073-7009.
- Schout, Adriaan (2010). "Organizational learning in the EU's multi-level governance system" (PDF). In Zito, Anthony R. (ed.). Learning and Governance in the EU Policy Making Process. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315868202. ISBN 978-1-317-96599-2.
- Bache, Ian; Bartle, Ian; Flinders, Matthew; Marsden, Greg (19 March 2014). "Blame Games and Climate Change: Accountability, Multi-Level Governance and Carbon Management". The British Journal of Politics and International Relations. 17 (1). SAGE Publications: 64–88. doi:10.1111/1467-856x.12040. ISSN 1369-1481.
- Curry, D. (2015). Network approaches to multi-level governance: Structures, relations and understanding power between levels. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Blomquist, William. "Multi-level Governance and Natural Resource Management: The Challenges of Complexity, Diversity, and Uncertainty". Institutions and Sustainability. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9690-7_6. ISBN 978-1-4020-9689-1.
- Eckerberg, Katarina; Joas, Marko (2004). "Multi-level Environmental Governance: a concept under stress?". Local Environment. 9 (5). Informa UK Limited: 405–412. doi:10.1080/1354983042000255315. ISSN 1354-9839.
- Hooghe, Marc (6 February 2012). "Does Multi-Level Governance Reduce the Need for National Government?". European Political Science. 11 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 90–95. doi:10.1057/eps.2011.58. ISSN 1680-4333.
- Enderlein, Henrik; Wälti, Sonja; Zürn, Michael (2010). Handbook on Multi-level Governance (PDF). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Pub. ISBN 978-1-84720-241-3.
- Hong, Sounman (12 September 2016). "What Are the Areas of Competence for Central and Local Governments? Accountability Mechanisms in Multi-Level Governance". Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. 27 (1). Oxford University Press (OUP): 120–134. doi:10.1093/jopart/muw048. ISSN 1053-1858.
- Curry, Dion (2015-09-10). Network Approaches to Multi-Level Governance: Structures, Relations and Understanding Power Between Levels. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-137-29517-0.
- Painter, Martin (2001). "Multi-level governance and the emergence of collaborative federal institutions in Australia". Policy & Politics. 29 (2). Bristol University Press: 137–150. doi:10.1332/0305573012501260. ISSN 0305-5736.
- Peters, B. Guy; Pierre, Jon (2001). "Developments in intergovernmental relations: towards multi-level governance". Policy & Politics. 29 (2). Bristol University Press: 131–135. doi:10.1332/0305573012501251. ISSN 0305-5736.
- Jordan, Andrew (2001). "The European Union: an evolving system of multi-level governance … or government?". Policy & Politics. 29 (2). Bristol University Press: 193–208. doi:10.1332/0305573012501305. ISSN 0305-5736.
- Piattoni, S. (2012). Multi-level governance and public administration. The SAGE handbook of public administration, 764-776. in * Peters, B Guy; Pierre, Jon (2012-08-16). The SAGE Handbook of Public Administration. SAGE. ISBN 978-1-4462-6891-9.
- Papadopoulos, Y. (2014). Accountability and multi-level governance.
- Hong, Sounman; Lee, Sanghyun (2018). "Adaptive governance and decentralization: Evidence from regulation of the sharing economy in multi-level governance". Government Information Quarterly. 35 (2). Elsevier BV: 299–305. doi:10.1016/j.giq.2017.08.002. ISSN 0740-624X.
- Papadopoulos, Yannis (2014). "Accountability and Multi-Level Governance". In Bovens, Mark; Goodin, Robert E.; Schillemans, Thomas (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Public Accountability. Oxford University Press. pp. 273–288. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199641253.013.0021. ISBN 978-0-19-964125-3.
Additional search terms / related topics
editExternal links
editCategory:Local government Category:Organizational theory Category:Political science Category:Political theory Category:Public administration