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Table of moons
The Saturnian moons are listed here by orbital period (or semi-major axis), from shortest to longest. Moons massive enough for their surfaces to have collapsed into a spheroid are highlighted in bold, while the irregular moons are listed in red, orange and gray background.
Key | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
† Major icy moons |
♠ Titan |
‡ Inuit group |
♦ Gallic group |
♣ Norse group |
Order |
Label [note 1] |
Name |
Pronunciation (key) | Image | Diameter (km)[note 2] |
Mass (×1018 kg)[note 3] |
Semi-major axis (km)[note 4] |
Orbital period (d)[note 4][note 5] |
Inclination (°) [note 4][note 6] |
Eccentricity |
Position | Discovery year[1] |
Discoverer [1] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | S/2009 S 1 | — | ≈ 0.3 | <0.0000001 | ≈ 117,000 | ≈ 0.47 | ≈ 0° | ≈ 0 | outer B Ring | 2009 | Cassini–Huygens[12] | ||
0 | (moonlets) | — | 0.04 to 0.4 (Earhart) | <0.0000001 | ≈ 130,000 | ≈ 0.55 | ≈ 0° | ≈ 0 | Three 1000 km bands within A Ring | 2006 | Cassini–Huygens | ||
1 | XVIII | Pan | ˈpæn | 28.4 ± 2.6 (35×32×21) |
0.00495±0.00075 | 133,584 | +0.57505 | 0.001° | 0.000035 | in Encke Division | 1990 | M. Showalter | |
2 | XXXV | Daphnis | ˈdæfnɨs | 7.8 ± 1.6 (9×9×6) |
0.000084±0.000012 | 136,505 | +0.59408 | ≈ 0° | ≈ 0 | in Keeler Gap | 2005 | Cassini–Huygens | |
3 | XV | Atlas | ˈætləs | 30.2 ± 2.8 (42×36×18) |
0.0066 ± 0.00006 | 137,670 | +0.60169 | 0.003° | 0.0012 | outer A Ring shepherd | 1980 | Voyager 2 | |
4 | XVI | Prometheus | proʊˈmiːθiːəs | 86.2 ± 5.4 (123×79×61) |
0.1566 ± 0.0019 | 139,380 | +0.61299 | 0.008° | 0.0022 | inner F Ring shepherd | 1980 | Voyager 2 | |
5 | XVII | Pandora | pænˈdɔərə | 80.6 ± 4.4 (103×80×64) |
0.1356 ± 0.0022 | 141,720 | +0.62850 | 0.050° | 0.0042 | outer F Ring Shepherd | 1980 | Voyager 2 | |
6a | XI | Epimetheus | ˌɛpɨˈmiːθiːəs | 113.4 ± 3.8 (116×117×106) |
0.53040±0.00193 | 151,422 | +0.69433 | 0.335° | 0.0098 | co-orbital | 1977 | J. Fountain, and S. Larson | |
6b | X | Janus | ˈdʒeɪnəs | 179.2 ± 4 (195×194×152) |
1.912 ± 0.005 | 151,472 | +0.69466 | 0.165° | 0.0068 | co-orbital | 1966 | A. Dollfus | |
8 | LIII | Aegaeon | iːˈdʒiːən | ≈ 0.5 | ~0.0000001 | 167,500 | +0.80812 | 0.001° | 0.0002 | G Ring moonlet | 2008 | Cassini–Huygens | |
9 | I | †Mimas | ˈmaɪməs | 396.4 ± 1.0 (415×394×381) |
37.493 ± 0.031 | 185,404 | +0.942422 | 1.566° | 0.0202 | 1789 | W. Herschel | ||
10 | XXXII | Methone | mɨˈθoʊniː | 3.2 ± 1.2 | ~0.00002 | 194,440 | +1.00957 | 0.007° | 0.0001 | Alkyonides | 2004 | Cassini–Huygens | |
11 | XLIX | Anthe | ˈænθiː | ≈ 2 | ~0.000007 | 197,700 | +1.03650 | 0.1° | 0.001 | Alkyonides | 2007 | Cassini–Huygens | |
12 | XXXIII | Pallene | pəˈliːniː | 4.4 ± 0.6 (5×4×4) |
~0.00005 | 212,280 | +1.15375 | 0.181° | 0.0040 | Alkyonides | 2004 | Cassini–Huygens | |
13 | II | †Enceladus | ɛnˈsɛlədəs | 504.2 ± 0.4 (513×503×497) |
108.022 ± 0.101 | 237,950 | +1.370218 | 0.010° | 0.0047 | Generates the E ring | 1789 | W. Herschel | |
14 | III | †Tethys | ˈtiːθɨs | 1,066 ± 2.8 (1081×1062×1055) |
617.049 ± 0.132 | 294,619 | +1.887802 | 0.168° | 0.0001 | 1684 | G. Cassini | ||
14a | XIII | Telesto | tɨˈlɛstoʊ | 24.8 ± 0.8 (31×24×21) |
~0.00941 | 294,619 | +1.887802 | 1.158° | 0.000 | leading Tethys Trojan | 1980 | B. Smith, H. Reitsema, S. Larson, and J. Fountain | |
14b | XIV | Calypso | kəˈlɪpsoʊ | 21.2 ± 1.4 (30×23×14) |
~0.0063 | 294,619 | +1.887802 | 1.473° | 0.000 | trailing Tethys Trojan | 1980 | D. Pascu, P. Seidelmann, W. Baum, and D. Currie | |
17 | IV | †Dione | daɪˈoʊniː | 1,123.4 ± 1.8 (1128×1122×1121) |
1,095.452 ± 0.168 | 377,396 | +2.736915 | 0.002° | 0.0022 | 1684 | G. Cassini | ||
17a | XII | Helene | ˈhɛlɨniː | 33 ± 1.2 (39×37×25) |
~0.02446 | 377,396 | +2.736915 | 0.212° | 0.0022 | leading Dione Trojan | 1980 | P. Laques and J. Lecacheux | |
17b | XXXIV | Polydeuces | ˌpɒliˈdjuːsiːz | 2.6 ± 0.8 (3×2×1) |
~0.00003 | 377,396 | +2.736915 | 0.177° | 0.0192 | trailing Dione Trojan | 2004 | Cassini–Huygens | |
20 | V | †Rhea | ˈriːə | 1,528.6 ± 4.4 (1534×1525×1526) |
2,306.518 ± 0.353 | 527,108 | +4.518212 | 0.327° | 0.001258 | 1672 | G. Cassini | ||
21 | VI | ♠Titan | ˈtaɪtən | 5,151 | 134,520 ± 20 | 1,221,930 | +15.94542 | 0.3485° | 0.0288 | 1655 | C. Huygens | ||
22 | VII | †Hyperion | haɪˈpɪəriən | 266 ± 8 (328×260×214) |
5.584 ± 0.068 | 1,481,010 | +21.27661 | 0.568° | 0.123006 | in 4:3 resonance with Titan | 1848 | W. Bond G. Bond W. Lassell | |
23 | VIII | †Iapetus | aɪˈæpɨtəs | 1,471.2 ± 6.0 (1495×1498×1425) |
1,805.635 ± 0.375 | 3,560,820 | +79.3215 | 7.570° | 0.028613 | 1671 | G. Cassini | ||
24 | XXIV | ‡Kiviuq | ˈkɪvioʊk | ≈ 16 | ~0.00279 | 11,294,800 | +448.16 | 49.087° | 0.3288 | Inuit group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
25 | XXII | ‡Ijiraq | ˈiː.ɨrɒk | ≈ 12 | ~0.00118 | 11,355,316 | +451.77 | 50.212° | 0.3161 | Inuit group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
26 | IX | ♣†Phoebe | ˈfiːbiː | 214.4 ± 12.4 (230×220×210) |
8.292 ± 0.010 | 12,869,700 | −545.09 | 173.047° | 0.156242 | Norse group | 1899 | W. Pickering | |
27 | XX | ‡Paaliaq | ˈpɑːliɒk | ≈ 22 | ~0.00725 | 15,103,400 | +692.98 | 46.151° | 0.3631 | Inuit group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
28 | XXVII | ♣Skathi | ˈskɒði | ≈ 8 | ~0.00035 | 15,672,500 | 732.52 | 149.084° | 0.246 | Norse (Skathi) Group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
29 | XXVI | ♦Albiorix | ˌælbiˈɒrɪks | ≈ 32 | ~0.0223 | 16,266,700 | +774.58 | 38.042° | 0.477 | Gallic group | 2000 | M. Holman | |
30 | ♣S/2007 S 2 | — | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 16,560,000 | −792.96 | 176.68° | 0.2418 | Norse group | 2007 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna, B. Marsden | ||
31 | XXXVII | ♦Bebhionn | bɛˈviːn, ˈvɪvi.ɒn | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 17,153,520 | +838.77 | 40.484° | 0.333 | Gallic group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
32 | XXVIII | ♦Erriapus | ˌɛriˈæpəs | ≈ 10 | ~0.00068 | 17,236,900 | +844.89 | 38.109° | 0.4724 | Gallic group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
33 | XLVII | ♣Skoll | ˈskɒl, ˈskɜːl | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 17,473,800 | −862.37 | 155.624° | 0.418 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
34 | XXIX | ‡Siarnaq | ˈsiːɑrnək | ≈ 40 | ~0.0435 | 17,776,600 | +884.88 | 45.798° | 0.24961 | Inuit group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
35 | LII | ‡Tarqeq | ˈtɑrkeɪk | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 17,910,600 | +894.86 | 49.904° | 0.1081 | Inuit group | 2007 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
36 | ♣S/2004 S 13 | — | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 18,056,300 | −905.85 | 167.379° | 0.261 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
37 | LI | ♣Greip | ˈɡreɪp | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 18,065,700 | −906.56 | 172.666° | 0.3735 | Norse group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
38 | XLIV | ♣Hyrrokkin | hɪˈrɒkɨn | ≈ 8 | ~0.00035 | 18,168,300 | −914.29 | 153.272° | 0.3604 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
39 | L | ♣Jarnsaxa | jɑrnˈsæksə | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 18,556,900 | −943.78 | 162.861° | 0.1918 | Norse group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
40 | XXI | ♦Tarvos | ˈtɑrvɵs | ≈ 15 | ~0.0023 | 18,562,800 | +944.23 | 34.679° | 0.5305 | Gallic group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
41 | XXV | ♣Mundilfari | ˌmʊndəlˈvɛri | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 18,725,800 | −956.70 | 169.378° | 0.198 | Norse group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
42 | ♣S/2006 S 1 | — | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 18,930,200 | −972.41 | 154.232° | 0.1303 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D.C. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
43 | ♣S/2004 S 17 | — | ≈ 4 | ~0.00005 | 19,099,200 | −985.45 | 166.881° | 0.226 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
44 | XXXVIII | ♣Bergelmir | bɛərˈjɛlmɪər | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 19,104,000 | −985.83 | 157.384° | 0.152 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
45 | XXXI | ♣Narvi | ˈnɑrvi | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 19,395,200 | −1,008.45 | 137.292° | 0.320 | Norse (Narvi) group | 2003 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
46 | XXIII | ♣Suttungr | ˈsʊtʊŋɡər | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 19,579,000 | −1,022.82 | 174.321° | 0.131 | Norse group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
47 | XLIII | ♣Hati | ˈhɑːti | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 19,709,300 | −1,033.05 | 163.131° | 0.291 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
48 | ♣S/2004 S 12 | — | ≈ 5 | ~0.00009 | 19,905,900 | −1,048.54 | 164.042° | 0.396 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
49 | XL | ♣Farbauti | fɑrˈbaʊti | ≈ 5 | ~0.00009 | 19,984,800 | −1,054.78 | 158.361° | 0.209 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
50 | XXX | ♣Thrymr | ˈθrɪmər | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 20,278,100 | −1,078.09 | 174.524° | 0.453 | Norse group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
51 | XXXVI | ♣Aegir | ˈaɪ.ɪər | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 20,482,900 | −1,094.46 | 167.425° | 0.237 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
52 | ♣S/2007 S 3 | — | ≈ 5 | ~0.00009 | 20,518,500 | ≈ −1,100 | 177.22° | 0.130 | Norse group | 2007 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
53 | XXXIX | ♣Bestla | ˈbɛstlə | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 20,570,000 | −1,101.45 | 147.395° | 0.77 | Norse (Narvi) group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
54 | ♣S/2004 S 7 | — | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 20,576,700 | −1,101.99 | 165.596° | 0.5299 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
55 | ♣S/2006 S 3 | — | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 21,076,300 | −1,142.37 | 150.817° | 0.4710 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | ||
56 | XLI | ♣Fenrir | ˈfɛnrɪər | ≈ 4 | ~0.00005 | 21,930,644 | −1,212.53 | 162.832° | 0.131 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
57 | XLVIII | ♣Surtur | ˈsʊərtər | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 22,288,916 | −1,242.36 | 166.918° | 0.3680 | Norse group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
58 | XLV | ♣Kari | ˈkɑri | ≈ 7 | ~0.00023 | 22,321,200 | −1,245.06 | 148.384° | 0.3405 | Norse (Skathi) group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
59 | XIX | ♣Ymir | ˈɪmɪər | ≈ 18 | ~0.00397 | 22,429,673 | −1,254.15 | 172.143° | 0.3349 | Norse group | 2000 | B. Gladman, J. Kavelaars, et al. | |
60 | XLVI | ♣Loge | ˈlɔɪ.eɪ | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 22,984,322 | −1,300.95 | 166.539° | 0.1390 | Norse group | 2006 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna | |
61 | XLII | ♣Fornjot | ˈfɔrnjɒt | ≈ 6 | ~0.00015 | 24,504,879 | −1,432.16 | 167.886° | 0.186 | Norse group | 2004 | S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt, J. Kleyna |
Unconfirmed moons
The following objects (observed by Cassini) have not been confirmed as solid bodies. It is not yet clear if these are real satellites or merely persistent clumps within the F Ring.[13]
Name | Image | Diameter (km) | Semi-major axis (km)[9] |
Orbital period (d)[9] |
Position | Discovery year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S/2004 S 6 | ≈ 3–5 | ≈ 140,130 | +0.61801 | uncertain objects around the F Ring | 2004 | |
S/2004 S 3/S 4[note 7] | ≈ 3−5 | ≈ 140,300 | ≈ +0.619 | 2004 |
Hypothetical moons
Two moons were claimed to be discovered by different astronomers but never seen again. Both moons were said to orbit between Titan and Hyperion.[14]
- Chiron which was supposedly sighted by Hermann Goldschmidt in 1861, but never observed by anyone else.[14]
- Themis was allegedly discovered in 1905 by astronomer William Pickering, but never seen again. Nevertheless it was included in numerous almanacs and astronomy books until the 1960s.[14]
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