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Sumb is a town located in the Samba district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Situated about 14 km from the city of Samba, Sumb lies within the Shivalik Hills range and is part of the Kandi (semi-arid) region. The town is positioned close to the National Highway and the Basantar River. Known for its agricultural economy, Sumb and its surrounding areas are significant for cereal and vegetable cultivation.
Geography
editSumb is situated on the Shivalik Hills range, alongside the National Highway, and near the Basantar River. Samba district is bordered by Udhampur in the north, Kathua in the east, Jammu and Bishnah tehsils in the west, and the International Border with Pakistan in the south. About two-thirds of Samba district, including Sumb, is characterized as Kandi and relies on seasonal rain. The region on the southern side, downslope from the highway, benefits from the Ravi Tawi Irrigation Canal, facilitating year-round agriculture.
Climate
editThe climate of Sumb follows a semi-arid pattern typical of Kandi regions. Seasonal monsoons influence the agricultural output, with most crop cultivation dependent on rainwater in the absence of extensive irrigation.
Coordinates
editThe Sumb block encompasses various villages, each with unique geographic coordinates. Notable villages include Amli (32.5647°N, 75.1457°E), Blater (32.5531°N, 75.2216°E), Goran (32.5934°N, 75.2735°E), and Kard (35.5913°N, 75.1977°E), among others.
Demographics
editSumb has a diverse population distributed across several villages. Key demographic details include:
- Population: Villages in the Sumb block vary in population size. For instance, Amli has a population of approximately 2,173, while Blater has around 1,840 residents. The overall literacy rate ranges from about 50% to 62%, with the highest rate seen in Amli (61.64%) and the lowest in Sodam (50.49%).
- Languages: Dogri is the primary language spoken in Sumb, with Hindi and Punjabi also commonly used among the local communities.
- Religions: The area has a significant Hindu population, with Sikh communities also present.
Economy The economy of Sumb is largely agricultural, with maize and wheat as the principal crops. Due to limited irrigation, much of the agriculture depends on seasonal rains, especially in Kandi areas.
- Irrigation: Southern areas near the Ravi Tawi Canal benefit from consistent irrigation, allowing for additional crops like paddy. However, the majority of the region is reliant on rainfall.
- Agricultural Output: The major crops include maize, wheat, and paddy. Certain villages, such as Amli and Goran, have agricultural practices heavily influenced by rainwater availability.
- Economic Challenges: Limited irrigation facilities and variable rainfall lead to fluctuating agricultural productivity. Poor road infrastructure in some areas further hampers economic development.
Infrastructure
editInfrastructure in Sumb varies by village, with certain areas facing challenges in transportation, water supply, and electricity.
- Roads: Many villages, like Blater and Kard, have Kacha (unpaved) roads, which can be challenging for transportation, especially during monsoon seasons.
- Water Supply: Tap water access is limited, and the quality is often poor, especially in villages like Kard. Most areas rely on rainwater for their needs.
- Electricity: While most villages are connected to the power grid, issues like low voltage and unreliable supply are common, particularly in places like Samlah.
Notable Villages and Cultural Landmarks
editSumb is home to several notable villages, each with unique cultural and historical significance:
- Amli: Known for its agricultural productivity, primarily growing maize and wheat.
- Blater: Features the Shiv Mandir, an important religious site for local Hindu residents.
- Goran: The Baba Shivo Goran shrine is a popular destination for local pilgrims, drawing visitors from surrounding areas.
- Kard: Home to Mata Jassri Bagoon Temple, another site of religious significance, located about 10 km from the main village.
- Sodam: Contains the Mata Mandir, attracting local visitors and contributing to the area’s cultural heritage.
Education and Literacy
editLiteracy rates in Sumb are relatively low, reflecting limited access to educational facilities in some Kandi and hilly areas. Government initiatives may be underway to improve educational infrastructure, though data on these efforts is limited.
See Also Samba DistrictKandi Region (Jammu and Kashmir) Shivalik Hills