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Hoyt Lake in Delaware Park, with the Albright-Knox Art Gallery.

Many of the public parks and parkways system of Buffalo, New York were originally designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux between 1868 and 1896. They were inspired in large part by the parkland, boulevards, and squares of Paris, France. They include the parks, parkways and circles within the Cazenovia Park–South Park System and Delaware Park–Front Park System, both listed on the National Register of Historic Places and maintained by the Buffalo Olmsted Parks Conservancy.

Background

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Frederick Law Olmsted described Buffalo as being "the best planned city [...] in the United States, if not the world".[1]: 49  With encouragement from city stakeholders, he and Calvert Vaux created an augmentation of the city's grid plan by drawing inspiration from Paris, introducing landscape architecture while embracing aspects of the countryside.[1]: 52–53  Their plan would introduce a system of interconnected parks, parkways and trails, unlike the singular Central Park in New York City.[1] The largest of them would be Delaware Park, situated across the large Forest Lawn Cemetery to amplify the amount of open land planned.: 53  With construction of the system finishing in 1876, it is regarded as being the oldest in the country,[2] although some of his plans were never fully realized. In the twentieth century, the diminishing parks would be afflicted by diseases, highway construction, and weather events such as Lake Storm Aphid in 2006.[3][1] The Buffalo Olmsted Park Conservancy, a non-profit organization, was created in 2004 to assist the city with protecting the 850 acres of parkland.[4] Olmsted's work in Buffalo would inspire similar efforts in cities such as San Francisco, Chicago, and Boston.[1]

The city's Division of Parks and Recreation manages over 180 parks and facilities, seven recreational centers, 21 pools and splash pads, and three ice rinks.[5] The 350 acres (140 ha) Delaware Park features the Buffalo Zoo, Hoyt Lake, a golf course, and playing fields. Buffalo collaborated with sister city Kanazawa in Japan to create the park's Japanese Garden in 1970, where cherry blossoms bloom in the spring.[6] Shakespeare in Delaware Park has run every year since 1976 and attracts more 40,000 visitors from across the country.[7] Tifft Nature Preserve in South Buffalo sits on 264 acres (107 ha) of remediated industrial land, opening in 1976. The preserve offers trails for hiking and cross-country skiing, marshland with fishing permitted, and is an Important Bird Area.[8] Also in South Buffalo is the Olmsted-designed Cazenovia and South Parks, the latter home to the Buffalo and Erie County Botanical Gardens.[9] According to the Trust For Public Land, Buffalo's 2020 ParkScore ranking showed high marks in access to parks, with 90% of city residents living within a ten-minute walk of a park. However, the city ranked lower for acreage; 7.6% of city land is devoted to parks, compared to about 15% for Minneapolis.[10][11]

List of parks

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Historical postcard illustrating a bridge in Delaware Park.

Park approaches

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Parkways

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Circles

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Gardens

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Nature Preserves

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Kowsky, Francis R. (1 March 1987). "Municipal Parks and City Planning: Frederick Law Olmsted's Buffalo Park and Parkway System". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 46 (1): 49–64. doi:10.2307/990145.
  2. ^ Schuyler, David (3 November 2015). "Parks in Urban America". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History: 1, 7. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.013.58. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
  3. ^ Freedman, Andrew (January 2007). "Anatomy of a Forecast: 'Arborgeddon' Takes Buffalo by Surprise". Weatherwise. 60 (4): 16–21. doi:10.3200/WEWI.60.4.16-21. ISSN 0043-1672. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  4. ^ "About the Conservancy | Buffalo Olmsted Parks Conservancy - His Legacy. Our Inheritance". Buffalo Olmsted Parks. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Division of Parks & Recreation | Buffalo, NY". City of Buffalo. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2021. and "Public Pool & Ice Skating Rink Information | Buffalo, NY". City of Buffalo. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  6. ^ "Buffalo Olmsted Park System, Map & Guide" (PDF). Buffalo Olmsted Parks Conservancy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  7. ^ Bond, Francesca (9 July 2019). "Going backstage - and on stage - at Shakespeare in Delaware Park". The Buffalo News. Retrieved 22 May 2021. and "History – Shakespeare in Delaware Park". Shakespeare in Delaware Park. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
  8. ^ "About Us - Tifft Nature Preserve - Nature Next Door". Tifft Nature Preserve. Retrieved 19 May 2021. and "Tifft Nature Preserve - NYS Dept. of Environmental Conservation". New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  9. ^ "History". Buffalo and Erie County Botanical Gardens. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  10. ^ "The Trust for Public Land 2020 Park Score index - Buffalo, NY" (PDF). Trust for Public Land. 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  11. ^ "The Trust for Public Land 2020 ParkScore index - Minneapolis, MN" (PDF). Trust for Public Land. 2020. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Buffalo, New York Parks System}} [[Category:Government of Buffalo, New York]] [[Category:Tourist attractions in Buffalo, New York]] [[Category:Parks in Erie County, New York]] [[Category:Historic districts in Buffalo, New York]] [[Category:Frederick Law Olmsted works]]

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