User:Derekay2/sandbox

Partner-Richard

Selected article

Illness from the gods

The Aztec believed that different gods were associated with different diseases or ailments as the Aztec in their medicine the Aztec would treat aliments and not what we think of as diseases. The god of the waters was connected with damp and cold as well as being responsible for the ailments that we know of today to be signs of alcoholism. Xipe Totec, the flayed one, punished people with more physical aliments such as boils or other skin ailments. Understanding the reason for the ailments was a primary way of knowing which god sent the punishment. The ailments themselves were often not enough as multiple gods such as the god of pleasure and the god of love used similar punishments would both send venereal diseases.

The Aztec are know for herbal medicine but there was a religious aspect as well. The religious side of treatment was varied based on which god issued the punishment and as well as what the ailments were. When seeking reprieve from the aliments imposed by the god of waters one would make offerings at rivers and mountains. During the second month of the Aztec calendar there is a festival call tlacaxipehualiztl which was a festival honoring "the flayed one". This festival was an important event for those wishing to be cured from the aliments sent by the god. Those wishing to be cured would cover themselves in the skin of human sacrifices.

Derek Seymour

Improving my article ~~~~

Had issue with references. Went in and added corrected references.

Adding info about Aztec herbal gardens.

Made changes to clarify Aztec "effectiveness" with empirical bases.

Removed parts about religion as it has been talked about more thoroughly in other sections. Left the example about internal heat to add insight and context to Aztec effectiveness.

Made table size 85% to reduce weird blank space.

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The Aztecs had several misconceptions on the contributing factors of illness and health. For example, fever was caused by internal heat and was cured by using a purgative, digestive or diuretic to remove the heat from the body. In spite of their misconceptions of contributing factors, the medicine they used was highly effective for Aztec standards. This is because they often obtained the desired results, like their purgatives successfully evacuating the body. They even succeeded, though less often, at correctly treating the ailment.This shows a strong empirical basis for their knowledge of medicine. The table to the right shows only the well agreed upon herbs in the list of hundreds that were used.

Montezuma I had beautiful, extensive gardens near the palace that astonished the conquistadors. The gardens showed the Aztec's integration with, and dependence on nature. Many skilled craftsman and gardeners were employed to maintain and improve the gardens. Houses, paths, trees, flowers, ponds and engineered water flow were all organized by skilled masonry. Within all of this natural engineering, many medicinal herbs were maintained for actual use. Nature was a part of Aztec life, and they saw herbs as beautiful as flowers. The Spaniards admitted that their own knowledge of herbs was very limited while the Aztecs seemed to know about every herb and its use.

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After peer editing

I realized that my point came across wrong. There is not direct examples of Aztec research in herbal medicine (that I know of). Instead, it is apparent that they treated medicine empirically because of the extent and effectiveness of their use. Will fix.

I realized that I do not need to preface the religious side of medicine because it is talked about by my partner. Will consider his additions to avoid redundancy and contradictions.

I did not get much other criticism, likely because my table is the largest addition that I have made. I need to add more to the topic itself than the list, and find another source.

I will not be citing every single cell in the table because they all come from one source stated in the table caption.

Herbal medicine

Aztec Herbal Medicines
From table 1 in Empirical Aztec Medicine

Botanical name	Aztec name	Uses
Atermisisa mexicana	Itztuahyatl	Weakness, colic, reduce fever; coughing
Bocconia frutescens	Cococxihutil	Constipation, abscesses, swelling
Bromelia pinguin	Mexocotl	heat blisters in the mouth
Carica papaya	Chichihualxo-chitl	Latex unripe fruit for rash ulcer; ripe fruit digestive
Casimiroa edulis	Cochiztzapotl	sedative
Cassia occidentalis or Cassia alata	Totoncaxihuitl	Astringent, purgative, anthelmintic, relieves fever, inflammation of rashes
Chenopodium graveolens	Epazotl	Against dysentery, anthelmintic, helps asthmatics breathe
Euphrobia calyculata	Cuauhtepatli; chupiri	Purgative, skin ailments, mange, skin sores
Helianthus annuus	Chilamacatl	fever
Liquidambar styracilua	Ocotzotl; xochiocotzotl quanhxihuitl	Rashes, thoothache, tonic for stomach
Montanoa tomentosa	Cihuapatli	Diuretic, oxytocic, cures hydropesia
Passiflora jorullensis	Coanenepilli	Causes sweating, Diuretic, pain reliever, poisons and snake bites
Perezia adnata	Pipitzahuac	Purgative, cathartic, coughing, sore throat
Persea americana	Auacatl; ahuaca quahuitl	Astringent, treat sores, remove scars
Pithecolobium dulce	Quamochitl	Astringent, causes sneezing, cures ulcers and sores
Plantago mexicana	Acaxilotic	Vomit and cathartic
Plumbago pulchella	Tlepatli; tletlematil; itzcuinpatli	Diuretic, colic, gangrene
Psidium guajava	Xalxocotl	Digestion, dysentery, mange
Rhamnus serrata	Tlalcapulin	Dysentery, bloody bowels
Salix lasiopelis	Quetzalhuexotl	Stops blood from rectum, cures fever
Schoenocaulon coulteri; Veratrum frigidum	Zoyoyatic	Causes sneezing, kills mice/lice/flies
Smilax atristolochiaefolia	Mecapatli	Causes sweating, diuretic, relieves joint pain
Tagetes erecta	Cempohualxochitl	Causes sweating, cathartic, cures dropsy
Talauma mexicana	yolloxochitl	Comforts heart, used against sterility
Theobroma cacao	Cacahuaquahuitl	Excess diarrhea, can cause dizziness

Main article: Herbal Medicine

The Aztecs had several misconceptions on the contributing factors of illness and health. For instance, fever was caused by internal heat, and all illnesses could be attributed to a deity. In spite of this, the medicine they used is considered highly effective as the desired results were achieved in most cases. This is because Aztec doctors based their knowledge of medicine on experimentation and research. Montecuhzoma I had extensive herbal gardens built and maintained as a resource for this research and medical use. The table to the right shows only the well agreed upon herbs in the list of hundreds that were supposedly used.

end rough draft

There is very little information on the article. One of the things that I would like to work on is the actual herbal ingredients and use of medicine. Other ideas I would like to look at are religious and society views on medicine. Are there more practical ideas on illness treatment and then more religious ideas? How well did they understand human and animal anatomy? How good was their nutrition and health, etc.

References for "Aztec Medicine"

 Ortiz de Montellano, Bernard. (1975). Empirical Aztec Medicine. Science (New York, N.Y.). 188. 215-20. 10.1126/science.1090996. 

Castillo, Bernal Diaz del., et al. The discovery and conquest of Mexico. Da Capo Press, 1996.

books by title and author

The discovery and conquest of Mexico, 1517-1521

Websites by url

gardens http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/health/aztec-herbal-pharmacopoeia-part-1

more herbs http://exhibits.hsl.virginia.edu/herbs/badianus/

Letter from Cortes translated, http://eada.lib.umd.edu/text-entries/second-letter-of-hernando-cortes-to-charles-v/

Aztec medicine, J.Guerra-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1033639/?page=10

Empirical aztec medicine-https://www.researchgate.net/publication/22064112_Empirical_Aztec_Medicine

https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.libproxy.mst.edu/lib/umr-ebooks/reader.action?docID=3039690

Kjs273 Peer Review

Richard Murphy

You have some great information, it’s obvious you did some thorough research. Check the sentence structures and grammar, some sentences are a little confusing. Also, you kind of restate the same things from your first paragraph to your second. You talk about how religion and medicine are intertwined and give examples of what kinds of things determine one’s health. Maybe try and reorganize your section into something more clear. Perhaps two sections would fix this, one revolving around the days in which people are born, and one centering around the Gods and the types of things they would do to effect a person’s health. Having those ideas mixed together makes for a slightly confusing read. I really like the random bits of information about things common people would do to treat themselves against these ailments assigned to them by the Gods, it kept everything very interesting!

Derek Seymour

Your table is awesome, I don’t think I’d have the patience to code all of that so kudos to you! I know that you’ll add this in the future, but I think all of those cells in the table need citations. I think I would stray away from talking about the deities and the general things about Aztec medicine because your partner goes into that earlier on in the article. If possible, I would love to see some examples of what kinds of experimentation or research the doctors did to conclude that these herbs were effective. Some concrete examples would really drive the point home, at this point it kind of sounds like conjecture. However, I really like that you did start to mention how these practices were justified by research, I think that adds a lot of depth to this section. Kjs273 (talk) 16:32, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

Peer Review: jmg6x2

Comments:

•  You have a lot of great content that the article needs!
• The heading “System” could be better described. Aztec system is a vague word. Add sources to the “System” section.
• Where are you putting the additions?
• In this section, “ailment” is spelt wrong a lot. I think it should be ailment.
• I made some changes comments in the paragraphs. (below)

Health in Aztec culture was believed to be predetermined by the day babies were born on.^[1]

^“Some days were seen as healthy days where the person born on those days would live a disease free life. In contrast the other days were associated with disease.” – These sentences are a little difficult to understand. Maybe try rewording to help the reader.

When those who were born on healthy days became ill it was believed they had displeased the gods. The Aztec believed that different gods were associated with different diseases or rather different ailments as the Aztec in their medicine the Aztec would treat aliments and not what we think of as diseases. – This section may be a little redundant. You could make it a bit more concise by telling the reader different gods caused ailments or misfortunes.

For example, The god of the waters was connected with damp and cold as well as being responsible for the aliments that we know of today to be signs of alcoholism.^[2] Xipe Totec, the flayed one, punished people with more physical aliments such as boils or other skin aliments. Understanding the reason for the aliments was a primary way of knowing which god sent the punishment. tThe aliments themselves were often not enough as multiple gods such as the god of pleasure and the god of love used similar punishments.^[2] - You could add to the last sentence. It is sort of confusing.

The Aztec are known for their herbal medicine but there was a religious aspect to treatment as well. The religious side of treatment was varied based on which god issued the punishment and as well as what the aliments were. When seeking reprieve from the aliments imposed by the god of waters, one would make offerings at rivers and mountains. During the second month of the Aztec calendar there is a festival call tlacaxipehualiztl which was a festival honoring "the flayed one". tThis festival was an important event for those wishing to be cured from the aliments sent by the god. Those wishing to be cured would cover themselves in the skin of human sacrifices.^[2]

The Aztecs had several misconceptions on the contributing factors of illness and health. For instance, fever was caused by internal heat, and all illnesses could be attributed to a deity. In spite of this, the medicine they used is considered highly effective as the desired results were achieved in most cases.^[3] This is because Aztec doctors based their knowledge of medicine on experimentation and research. Montecuhzoma I had extensive herbal gardens built and maintained as a resource for this research and medical use.^[4] The table to the right shows only the well agreed upon herbs in the list of hundreds that were supposedly used.

• Try to coordinate with all contributors of the article so you can come up with an outline. The direction of your article is a bit on clear.
• Great table. I should learn how to make it for my article.

Jmg6x2 (talk) 16:44, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

Add to an article

Correspondence in Hobart, Okla N. "AZTEC ARCHITECTURE." The Construction News (1897-1916), vol. 21, no. 12, 1906, pp. 220, American Periodicals, [1]

Correspondence in Hobart, Okla N. "AZTEC ARCHITECTURE." The Construction News (1897-1916), vol. 21, no. 12, 1906, pp. 220, American Periodicals, https://search-proquest-com.libproxy.mst.edu/docview/128405456?pq-origsite=summon&accountid=14594

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Article evaluation

Aztec architecture

Aside from needing more sources and material, some of the information in the article is not sourced at all. The only reference given somehow contains two online articles , and one only talks about the Aztec calendar, gods, and emperors, which is not included in the article, so it is likely not the intended link. It seems that some of the information and pictures come from other wiki pages-Aztec-Templo Mayor- without adding the sources.

The information that is included is grouped poorly and leads to incomplete thoughts. Because of the limited material, the details about the temples should all be in the same paragraph instead of being in the incomplete introduction, a standalone paragraph, and a paragraph that talks about houses. Tenochtitlan is mentioned multiple times without being linked, and the last paragraph contains an explanation of Tenochtitlan that has not been related to architecture at all and therefore doesn't belong.

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