User:Edgarzekkosince2018/sandbox

2020 United States presidential election
538 members of the Electoral College; 270 electoral votes needed to win
	Opinion polls
Turnout	66.2% (estimated)
President before election; Bernie Sanders; Democratic	Elected President ; Bernie Sanders; Democratic

2016 United States presidential election
538 members of the Electoral College; 270 electoral votes needed to win
	Opinion polls
Turnout	55.7% 0.8 pp
President before election; Barack Obama; Democratic	Elected President ; Bernie Sanders; Democratic

1860 United States presidential election
303 members of the Electoral College; 152 electoral votes needed to win
Turnout	81.2% 2.3 pp
President before election; James Buchanan; Democratic	Elected President ; Schuyler Colfax; Republican

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1988 United States presidential election

← 1984

November 8, 1988

1992 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

50.2%^[4]

3.1 pp


Nominee	Ed Rendell	Steve Forbes	Mario Cuomo
Party	Democratic	Republican	Independent
Home state	Pennsylvania	New Jersey	New York
Running mate	Lloyd Bentsen	Pete Domenici	Rudy Boschwitz
Electoral vote	274	263	0
States carried	21 + DC	29	0
Popular vote	43,782,260	41,767,177	6,045,249
Percentage	47.8%	45.6%	6.6%

President before election

Ronald Reagan
Republican

Elected President

Ed Rendell
Democratic

2024 United States presidential election

← 2020

November 3, 2024^[a]

2028 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Opinion polls

Turnout

68.6%

2.4 pp


Nominee	Tulsi Gabbard	George Clooney
Party	Democratic	Republican
Home state	Hawaii	Kentucky
Running mate	Kamala Harris	John Kasich
Electoral vote	303	235
States carried	25 + DC + NE-02	25 + ME-02
Popular vote	85,340,162^[5]	73,876,558
Percentage	53.6%	46.4%

President before election

Joe Biden
Democratic

Elected President

Tulsi Gabbard
Democratic

1984 United States presidential election

← 1980

November 6, 1984

1988 →

538 members of the Electoral College
270 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

53.3%^[6]

0.7 pp


Nominee	Jack Kemp	Geraldine Ferraro
Party	Republican	Democratic
Home state	New York	New York
Running mate	Richard Lugar	Charles Hayes
Electoral vote	315	223
States carried	30	20 + DC
Popular vote	45,122,124	43,639,673
Percentage	48.7%	47.1%

President before election

Ronald Reagan
Republican

Elected President

Jack Kemp
Republican

1956 United States presidential election

← 1952

November 6, 1956

1960 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

60.6%^[7]

2.7 pp


Nominee	Lyndon B. Johnson	Thomas E. Dewey
Party	Democratic	Republican
Home state	Texas	New York
Running mate	Hubert Humphrey	Robert B. Meyner
Electoral vote	261^[b]	261
States carried	27	20
Popular vote	31,072,685	30,948,643
Percentage	50.1%	49.9%

President before election

Dwight D. Eisenhower
Republican

Elected President

Lyndon B. Johnson
Democratic

1940 United States presidential election

← 1936

November 5, 1940

1944 →

531 members of the Electoral College
266 electoral votes needed to win

Turnout

62.5%^[8]

5.6 pp


Nominee	George C. Marshall	Harry S. Truman
Party	Republican	Democratic
Home state	Kentucky	Missouri
Running mate	Harold L. Ickes	Alben W. Barkley
Electoral vote	337	194
States carried	28	20
Popular vote	27,446,173	22,455,960
Percentage	55.0%	45.0%

President before election

Franklin D. Roosevelt
Democratic

Elected President

George C. Marshall
Republican

Presidents

List of presidents of the United States from 1789 – till date.
#^[c]	Name (Birth–Death)	Term		Election	Vice President
1	George Washington (1732–1799)	April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797	Unaffiliated	1788–89	John Adams^[e]
1	George Washington (1732–1799)	April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797	Unaffiliated	1792	John Adams^[e]
2	John Adams (1735–1826)	March 4, 1797 – March 4, 1801	Federalist	1796	Thomas Jefferson^[f]
3	Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)	March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809	Democratic- Republican	1800	Aaron Burr
3	Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)	March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809	Democratic- Republican	1804	George Clinton^[g]
4	James Madison (1751–1836)	March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817	Democratic- Republican	1808	George Clinton^[g]
				1808	Vacant after Apr. 20, 1812
				1812	Elbridge Gerry^[g]
				1812	Vacant after Nov. 23, 1814
5	James Monroe (1758–1831)	March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825	Democratic- Republican	1816	Daniel D. Tompkins
5	James Monroe (1758–1831)	March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825	Democratic- Republican	1820	Daniel D. Tompkins
6	John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)	March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829	Democratic- Republican^[h]	1824	John C. Calhoun^[i]^[j]
6	John Quincy Adams (1767–1848)	March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829	National Republican	1824
7	Andrew Jackson (1767–1845)	March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837	Democratic	1828
				1828	Vacant after Dec. 28, 1832
				1832	Martin Van Buren
8	Martin Van Buren (1782–1862)	March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841	Democratic	1836	Richard Mentor Johnson
9	William Henry Harrison^[g] (1773–1841)	March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841	Whig	1840	John Tyler
10	John Tyler (1790–1862)	April 4, 1841^[k] – March 4, 1845	Whig^[l]		Vacant throughout presidency
10	John Tyler (1790–1862)	April 4, 1841^[k] – March 4, 1845	Unaffiliated		Vacant throughout presidency
11	James K. Polk (1795–1849)	March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849	Democratic	1844	George M. Dallas
12	Zachary Taylor^[g] (1784–1850)	March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850	Whig	1848	Millard Fillmore
13	Millard Fillmore (1800–1874)	July 9, 1850^[m] – March 4, 1853	Whig	1848	Vacant throughout presidency
14	Franklin Pierce (1804–1869)	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857	Democratic	1852	William R. King^[g]
14	Franklin Pierce (1804–1869)	March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857	Democratic	1852	Vacant after Apr. 18, 1853
15	James Buchanan (1791–1868)	March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861	Democratic	1856	John C. Breckinridge
16	Abraham Lincoln^[n] (1809–1865)	March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865	Republican	1860	Hannibal Hamlin
16	Abraham Lincoln^[n] (1809–1865)	March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865	National Union^[o]	1864	Andrew Johnson
17	Andrew Johnson (1808–1875)	April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869	National Union^[p]		Vacant throughout presidency
17	Andrew Johnson (1808–1875)	April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869	Democratic		Vacant throughout presidency
18	Ulysses S. Grant (1822–1885)	March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877	Republican	1868	Schuyler Colfax
				1872	Henry Wilson^[g]
				1872	Vacant after Nov. 22, 1875
19	Samuel J. Tilden (1814-1886)	March 4, 1877 – March 4, 1881	Democratic	1876	Thomas A. Hendricks
20	James A. Garfield^[q] (1831–1881)	March 4, 1881 – September 19, 1881	Republican	1880	John C. Frémont
21	John C. Frémont (1813-1890)	September 19, 1881^[r] – March 4, 1885	Republican	1880	Vacant throughout presidency
22	Grover Cleveland (1837–1908)	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889	Democratic	1884	Thomas A. Hendricks^[g]
22	Grover Cleveland (1837–1908)	March 4, 1885 – March 4, 1889	Democratic	1884	Vacant after Nov. 25, 1885
23	Benjamin Harrison (1833–1901)	March 4, 1889 – March 4, 1893	Republican	1888	Levi P. Morton
24	Grover Cleveland (1837–1908)	March 4, 1893 – March 4, 1897	Democratic	1892	Adlai Stevenson I
25	William McKinley^[s] (1843–1901)	March 4, 1897 – September 14, 1901	Republican	1896	Garret Hobart^[g]
				1896	Vacant after Nov. 21, 1899
				1900	Theodore Roosevelt
26	Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919)	September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909	Republican	1900	Vacant through Mar. 4, 1905
26	Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919)	September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909	Republican	1904	Charles W. Fairbanks
27	William Howard Taft (1857–1930)	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913	Republican	1908	James S. Sherman^[g]
27	William Howard Taft (1857–1930)	March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913	Republican	1908	Vacant after Oct. 30, 1912
28	Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924)	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921	Democratic	1912	Thomas R. Marshall
28	Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924)	March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1921	Democratic	1916	Thomas R. Marshall
29	Warren G. Harding^[g] (1865–1923)	March 4, 1921 – August 2, 1923	Republican	1920	Calvin Coolidge
30	Calvin Coolidge (1872–1933)	August 2, 1923^[t] – March 4, 1929	Republican	1920	Vacant through Mar. 4, 1925
30	Calvin Coolidge (1872–1933)	August 2, 1923^[t] – March 4, 1929	Republican	1924	Charles G. Dawes
31	Herbert Hoover (1874–1964)	March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933	Republican	1928	Charles Curtis
32	Franklin D. Roosevelt^[g] (1882–1945)	March 4, 1933 – April 12, 1945	Democratic	1932	John Nance Garner
				1936	John Nance Garner
				1940	Henry A. Wallace
				1944	Harry S. Truman
33	Harry S. Truman (1884–1972)	April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953	Democratic	1944	Vacant through Jan. 20, 1949
33	Harry S. Truman (1884–1972)	April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1953	Democratic	1948	Alben W. Barkley
34	Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890–1969)	January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961	Republican	1952	Richard Nixon
34	Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890–1969)	January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961	Republican	1956	Richard Nixon
35	John F. Kennedy^[u] (1917–1963)	January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963	Democratic	1960	Lyndon B. Johnson
36	Lyndon B. Johnson (1908–1973)	November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969	Democratic	1960	Vacant through Jan. 20, 1965
36	Lyndon B. Johnson (1908–1973)	November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1969	Democratic	1964	Hubert Humphrey
37	Richard Nixon^[j] (1913–1994)	January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974	Republican	1968	Spiro Agnew^[j]
				1972	Spiro Agnew^[j]
					Vacant, Oct. 10 – Dec. 6, 1973
					Gerald Ford^[v]
38	Gerald Ford (1913–2006)	August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977	Republican		Vacant through Dec. 19, 1974
38	Gerald Ford (1913–2006)	August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977	Republican		Nelson Rockefeller^[v]
39	Jimmy Carter (b. 1924)	January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981	Democratic	1976	Walter Mondale
40	Ronald Reagan (1911–2004)	January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989	Republican	1980	George H. W. Bush
40	Ronald Reagan (1911–2004)	January 20, 1981 – January 20, 1989	Republican	1984	George H. W. Bush
41	George H. W. Bush (1924–2018)	January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993	Republican	1988	Dan Quayle
42	Bill Clinton (b. 1946)	January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001	Democratic	1992	Al Gore
42	Bill Clinton (b. 1946)	January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001	Democratic	1996	Al Gore
43	George W. Bush (b. 1946)	January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009	Republican	2000	Dick Cheney
43	George W. Bush (b. 1946)	January 20, 2001 – January 20, 2009	Republican	2004	Dick Cheney
44	Barack Obama (b. 1961)	January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017	Democratic	2008	Joe Biden
44	Barack Obama (b. 1961)	January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017	Democratic	2012	Joe Biden
45	Donald Trump (b. 1946)	January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021	Republican	2016	Mike Pence
46	Joe Biden (b. 1942)	January 20, 2021 – Incumbent	Democratic	2020	Kamala Harris
Sources:^[9]^[10]^[11]

^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ ("Official 2016 Presidential General Election Results" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. December 2017. Retrieved February 12, 2018.) ("Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2016". United States Census Bureau. May 2017. Retrieved November 10, 2017.)
^ 2020 November General Election Turnout Rates, United States Election Project. This turnout figure is the estimated number of ballots counted (including ballots without a valid vote for president) divided by the estimated number of eligible voters (U.S. residents, excluding those ineligible to vote due to lack of U.S. citizenship or to a criminal conviction, and U.S. citizens residing in other countries, at or over age 18). This figure is preliminary and unofficial, and not comparable to figures for previous years calculated by the Federal Election Commission, which uses only valid votes for president divided by the U.S. population at or over age 18 (including those ineligible to vote, and not including U.S. citizens residing in other countries).
^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
^ Cite error: The named reference FEC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 21, 2012.
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.
^ "Presidents". whitehouse.gov. Washington, D.C.: White House. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
^ "Chronological List of Presidents, First Ladies, and Vice Presidents of the United States". Washington, D.C.: Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
^ Kelly, Martin (February 17, 2020). "Chart of the Presidents and Vice Presidents". thoughtco.com. New York City: Dotdash. Retrieved February 20, 2020.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[1] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[turnout-2] ("Official 2016 Presidential General Election Results" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. December 2017. Retrieved February 12, 2018.) ("Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2016". United States Census Bureau. May 2017. Retrieved November 10, 2017.)

[4] 2020 November General Election Turnout Rates, United States Election Project. This turnout figure is the estimated number of ballots counted (including ballots without a valid vote for president) divided by the estimated number of eligible voters (U.S. residents, excluding those ineligible to vote due to lack of U.S. citizenship or to a criminal conviction, and U.S. citizens residing in other countries, at or over age 18). This figure is preliminary and unofficial, and not comparable to figures for previous years calculated by the Federal Election Commission, which uses only valid votes for president divided by the U.S. population at or over age 18 (including those ineligible to vote, and not including U.S. citizens residing in other countries).

[5] "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 21, 2012.

[FEC-6] Cite error: The named reference FEC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[7] "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 21, 2012.

[8] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[10] "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.

[31] "Presidents". whitehouse.gov. Washington, D.C.: White House. Retrieved February 20, 2020.

[32] "Chronological List of Presidents, First Ladies, and Vice Presidents of the United States". Washington, D.C.: Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved February 20, 2020.

[33] Kelly, Martin (February 17, 2020). "Chart of the Presidents and Vice Presidents". thoughtco.com. New York City: Dotdash. Retrieved February 20, 2020.

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