User:GreatPowered/鲨鱼物种列表

Identification of the 8 extant shark orders
Identification of the 8 extant shark orders

鲨鱼软骨鱼纲板鳃亚纲鲨总目所有物种的命名术语。板鳃亚纲也包括鳐总目;软骨鱼纲还包括全头亚纲下的银鲛目。第一批形似鲨鱼的软骨鱼于4.3亿年前出现在海洋[1],在早侏罗世演化为鲨鱼的冠群[2]

下表列举了鲨鱼的现存物种。鲨鱼分布在8个约512种已被描述的物种和23种未被描述的物种中,目中的科和属均按照字母顺序列举。此外还包括一份将所有物种置于字母顺序的现场指南。

六鳃鲨、七鳃鲨和皱鳃鲨 (2 科)

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角鲨 (7 科)

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  • 角鲨目
    • Centrophoridae (gulper sharks)
    • Family Dalatiidae (kite-fin sharks)
    • Family Echinorhinidae (bramble sharks)
    • Family Etmopteridae (lantern sharks)
      • Genus Aculeola F. de Buen, 1959
      • Genus Centroscyllium J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841
      • Genus Etmopterus Rafinesque, 1810
        • Etmopterus baxteri Garrick, 1957 (New Zealand lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus benchleyi V. E. Vásquez, Ebert & Long, 2015 (ninja lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus bigelowi Shirai & Tachikawa, 1993 (blurred lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus brachyurus H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 (short-tail lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus bullisi Bigelow & Schroeder, 1957 (lined lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus burgessi Schaaf-Da Silva & Ebert, 2006 (broad-snout lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus carteri S. Springer & G. H. Burgess, 1985 (cylindrical lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus caudistigmus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (tail-spot lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus compagnoi R. Fricke & Koch, 1990 (brown lanternshark)
        • Etmottoopoepterus decapidaaticusspidatus W. L. Y. Chan, 1966 (comb-tooth lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus dianthus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (pink lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus dislineatus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (Lined lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus evansi Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (Black-mouth lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus fusus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (pygmy lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus gracilispinis G. Krefft, 1968 (broad-band lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus granulosus (Günther, 1880) (southern lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus hillianus (Poey, 1861) (Caribbean lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus joungi Knuckey, Ebert & G. H. Burgess, 2011 (short-fin smooth lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus litvinovi Parin & Kotlyar, 1990 (small-eye lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus lucifer D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1902 (Black-belly lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus molleri (Whitley, 1939) (Moller's lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus perryi S. Springer & G. H. Burgess, 1985 (dwarf lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus polli Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (African lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus princeps Collett, 1904 (great lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus pseudosqualiolus Last, G. H. Burgess & Séret, 2002 (False lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus pusillus (R. T. Lowe, 1839) (smooth lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus pycnolepis Kotlyar, 1990 (dense-scale lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus robinsi Schofield & G. H. Burgess, 1997 (West Indian lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus schultzi Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (fringe-fin lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus sculptus Ebert, L. J. V. Compagno & De Vries, 2011 (sculpted lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus sentosus Bass, D'Aubrey & Kistnasamy, 1976 (thorny lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus sheikoi (Dolganov, 1986) (rasp-tooth dogfish)
        • Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) (velvet-belly lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus splendidus Ka.Yano, 1988 (splendid lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus unicolor (Engelhardt, 1912) (bristled lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus viator Straube, 2011 (traveller lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus villosus C. H. Gilbert, 1905 (Hawaiian lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus virens Bigelow, Schroeder & S. Springer, 1953 (green lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus sp. Not yet described (Guadalupe lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus sp. Not yet described (Chilean lanternshark)
        • Etmopterus sp. Not yet described (Papua short-tail lanternshark)
      • Genus Trigonognathus Mochizuki & F. Ohe, 1990
    • Family Oxynotidae (rough sharks)
      • Genus Oxynotus Rafinesque, 1810
        • Oxynotus bruniensis (J. D. Ogilby, 1893) (prickly dogfish)
        • Oxynotus caribbaeus Cervigón, 1961 (Caribbean roughshark)
        • Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758) (angular roughshark)
        • Oxynotus japonicus Ka. Yano & Murofushi, 1985 (Japanese roughshark)
        • Oxynotus paradoxus Frade, 1929 (sail-fin roughshark)
    • Family Somniosidae (sleeper sharks)
      • Genus Centroscymnus Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864
        • Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864 (Portuguese dogfish)
        • Centroscymnus owstonii Garman, 1906 (rough-skin dogfish)
      • Genus Centroselachus Garman, 1913
        • Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864) (long-nose velvet dogfish)
      • Genus Scymnodalatias Garrick, 1956
        • Scymnodalatias albicauda Taniuchi & Garrick, 1986 (white-tail dogfish)
        • Scymnodalatias garricki Kukuev & Konovalenko, 1988 (Azores dogfish)
        • Scymnodalatias oligodon Kukuev & Konovalenko, 1988 (sparse-tooth dogfish)
        • Scymnodalatias sherwoodi (Archey, 1921) (Sherwood's dogfish)
      • Genus Scymnodon Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864
        • Scymnodon ichiharai Ka. Yano & S. Tanaka (II), 1984 (Japanese velvet dogfish)
        • Scymnodon macracanthus (Regan, 1906) (large-spine velvet dogfish)
        • Scymnodon plunketi (Waite, 1910) (Plunket's shark)
        • Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864 (knife-tooth dogfish)
      • Genus Somniosus Lesueur, 1818
      • Genus Zameus D. S. Jordan & Fowler, 1903
    • Family Squalidae (dogfish sharks)
      • Genus Cirrhigaleus S. Tanaka (I), 1912
      • Genus Squalus Linnaeus, 1758
        • Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 (spiny dogfish)
        • Squalus acutipinnis Regan, 1908 (blunt-nose spiny dogfish)
        • Squalus albifrons Last, W. T. White & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (eastern high-fin spurdog)
        • Squalus altipinnis Last, W. T. White & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (western high-fin spurdog)
        • Squalus blainville (A. Risso, 1827) (long-nose spurdog)
        • Squalus brevirostris S. Tanaka (I), 1917 (Japanese short-nose spurdog)
        • Squalus bucephalus Last, Séret & Pogonoski, 2007 (big-head spurdog)
        • Squalus chloroculus Last, W. T. White & Motomura, 2007 (green-eye spurdog)
        • Squalus clarkae Pfleger, Grubbs, Cotton & Daly-Engel, 2018 (Genie's dogfish)
        • Squalus crassispinus Last, Edmunds & Yearsley, 2007 (fat-spine spurdog)
        • Squalus cubensis Howell-Rivero, 1936 (Cuban dogfish)
        • Squalus edmundsi W. T. White, Last & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (Edmund's spurdog)
        • Squalus formosus W. T. White & Iglésias, 2011 (Taiwan spurdog)
        • Squalus grahami W. T. White, Last & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (eastern long-nose spurdog)
        • Squalus griffini Phillipps, 1931 (northern spiny dogfish)
        • Squalus hemipinnis W. T. White, Last] & Yearsley, 2007 (Indonesian short-snout spurdog)
        • Squalus japonicus Ishikawa, 1908 (Japanese spurdog)
        • Squalus lalannei Baranes, 2003 (Seychelles spurdog)
        • Squalus megalops (W. J. Macleay, 1881) (short-nose spurdog)
        • Squalus melanurus Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979 (black-tailed spurdog)
        • Squalus mitsukurii D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1903 (short-spine spurdog)
        • Squalus montalbani Whitley, 1931 (Indonesian greeneye spurdog)
        • Squalus nasutus Last, L. J. Marshall & W. T. White, 2007 (western long-nose spurdog)
        • Squalus notocaudatus Last, W. T. White & J. D. Stevens, 2007 (bar-tail spurdog)
        • Squalus rancureli Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979 (Cyrano spurdog)
        • Squalus raoulensis C. A. J. Duffy & Last, 2007 (Kermadec spiny dogfish)
        • Squalus suckleyi (Girard, 1854) (Pacific spiny dogfish)
        • Squalus sp. Not yet described (Lombok high-fin spurdog)

[[Category:鲨鱼]]

  1. ^ Märss, Tiiu; Gagnier, Pierre-Yves (3 August 2001). "A new chondrichthyan from the Wenlock, Lower Silurian, of Baillie-Hamilton Island, the Canadian Arctic". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 21 (4): 693. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2001)021[0693:ANCFTW]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86329421. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  2. ^ Rees, Jan (19 July 2010). "Neoselachian sharks from the Callovian–Oxfordian (Jurassic) of Ogrodzieniec, Zawiercie Region, southern Poland". The Palaeontological Association. 53 (4): 887–902. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00967.x. S2CID 129407928. Retrieved 25 October 2020.