User:Hameltion/sandbox/Eye migration

Eye migration, or optical migration, is the process in some species of flatfish (of the order Pleuronectiformes) where both eyes move to the same side of the fish's body during metamorphosis. As larva, each eye begins on opposite sides of the head, then one eye moves through or around the skeleton to join the other.

Each species of flatfish has a different developmental process of eye migration.

Description

The eye migrations of different species contain some similarities, ...

References

Current WP references

• Fairchild, E.A. and Howell, W.H, E. A.; Howell, W. H. (2004). "Factors affecting the post-release survival of cultured juvenile Pseudopleuronectes americanus". Journal of Fish Biology. 65 (Supplementary A): 69–87. doi:10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00529.x.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• "Rhombosolea leporina summary page". FishBase. Retrieved 2017-05-18.
• Baraza., Mutoro, David (2001). "Life of a flatfish, the yellowbelly flounder, Rhombosolea leporina Günther, 1873, in Auckland's sheltered waters". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

More

• http://scienceblogs.com/grrlscientist/2008/07/09/the-mysterious-origin-of-the-w-1/ -- finding how this came to be through the fossil record
• http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/next/evolution/flatfish-evolution/ -- more on evolution
• http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2008/07/09/early-flatfish-has-eye-thats-moved-halfway-across-its-head/ -- more on evolution
• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012160610012881 "caused by cell proliferation in the suborbital tissue of the blind side and that the twist of frontal bone is dependent on eye migration"
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12808650 "Since it is unlikely that the active expansion of the Rv [Retrorbital vehicles] causes eye migration, the role played by the Pb [Pseudomesial bone] and its rudiment becomes more significant in right eye migration in the Japanese flounder becomes more significant."
• https://www.nifes.no/en/what-makes-the-flounder-asymmetrical/ "flounders tilt more and more, the skin on the side facing up registers most light ... We still don’t know why the fish start to tilt"
• Metamorphosis in Fish – via Google Books.
• Bones and Cartilage: Developmental and Evolutionary Skeletal Biology. -- five separate processes listed
• Practical Flatfish Culture and Stock Enhancement. -- description of metamorphosis
• Chapleau, Francois; Amaoka, Kunio (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. xxx. ISBN 0-12-547665-5. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |nopp= ignored (|no-pp= suggested) (help)

Search for more

• "Eye migration" flounder on Google Scholar -- many ideas behind the process
• Source from 1884:

“ Evolution of the Flounder.
[Croffut in Kansas City Journal.]
Take this flounder, for instance. It was obviously a flounder, for it was a flat fish, some ten inches long by five broad, mahogany color on one side and white on the other, and both of his eyes were on the brown or upper side, somewhat askew, and looking very groggy indeed. But his brown side was speckled with light spots of an uncertain color, giving him the appearance of having a bad attack of measles.
This flounder, by the way, is a curious example of evolution—of organic change following the change of environment. Originally—1,000 or 1,000,000 years ago—it moved upright through the water, its broadest dimensions being up and down and its eyes on each side. But it was so thin it maintained that position with difficulty, being much inclined to topple over. It did topple over to rest, more and more frequently, and the eye that was on the under side strained itself to look up. The side that was on top the most began to be tanned by the sun, and the lower eye kept pulling its socket towards the back of its head to look up "around the corner." till, in process of time, it actually passed through the soft bones of the head, and both eyes appeared on one side of the body—not in the middle of the side, but towards the upper edge. The tendency of the left eye to work over to the right side strengthened constantly, and the optical migration became constantly easier, but the strange process is still gone through with by each succeeding generation.
When a young flounder is hatched, his eyes are on opposite sides of the head, and his mouth is a narrow and deep slit across below the eyes, and his two sides are white. Soon after learning to swim, he begins to lose his balance, his upper side begins to turn brown, his left eye starts on its queer pilgrimage, and even the mouth, finding a vertical movement of the jaw inconvenient, begins to twist awkwardly and set itself slantwise. The uncanny result is a fish that has complicated strabismus both in his eyes and mouth—the result of his obedience to Edward Everett Hale's ambitious motto, "Look up and not down." The doctor explained all of this to us as we stood around him on the forward deck. The old skipper shook his head and evidently didn't believe the yarn; but I find that it is confirmed by books on marine life." ”