User:Hoopsf/sandbox

Article evaluation

The article is missing a lot of key sources (i.e. specific anthropologists) The article does not adequately discuss the unique (and controversial) features of digital anthropologist. The article should discuss connection to the anthropology of the non-human and the creation of non-geographic "cultural areas."

Tone is relatively neutral, there just lacks detail in the arguments of each side (i.e. disagreements about proper methodology).

Sources are to general information pages from university, two of the same study, one from a Guardian article. Links only two ethnographies. Need more journal, peer-reviewed sources.

Proposed Work on Internalized racism

Reasons for Revision: The current article is incomplete in a number of ways.

• Exclusively focuses on internalized racism among Black Americans in the US
• Only two examples: one term (“Sambo”) and one (replicated) experiment
• No discussion of the causes/implications of internalized racism

Proposed Additions: I want to add sections on the following:

• Manifestations of Internalized Racism (Self-Image/Beauty Standards, Stereotype Threat, Intra/Interracial Discrimination)
• Significant Regional Examples (Experiences of African Americans in US, Experiences of Native Americans in US, Brazil, Japan, India
• Implications of Internalized Racism (Psychological Harm, Economic Barriers, Discrimination)
• Responses to Internalized Racism

Links: I think that this page can and should be linked to by the general articles about racism, colorism and discrimination, as well as articles like “Physical Attractiveness,” “Stereotype Threat,” “Skin Whitening,” “Conspicuous Consumption,” and various articles concerning mental well-being. All of these have relations to the topic and exemplify why the article must be improved. I actually like the current “See Also” section of the article, which includes links to Colonial mentality, Internalized oppression, Internalized sexism, Respectability politics, Self-hatred, Stereotype threat, and White guilt. I probably add onto this section, linking to articles about colorism, systemic racism, white supremacy, etc.

Difficulties: The main difficulty that I foresee in this project moving forward will be writing with a worldwide view. The concept of race is complex and extremely relative so it is hard to discuss other culture’s conceptions of internalized racism when race itself is seen differently (e.g. in Brazil, you can effectively change racial categorizations by moving up in socioeconomic status). This will be a very hard approach, both with respect to representing other parts of the world with accuracy and in having the time to find sufficient peer-reviewed literature on the topic in other countries.

Sources:

These sources will help with defining internalized racism:

• Pyke, K. D. (2010). What is Internalized Racial Oppression and Why Don’t We Study It? Acknowledging Racisms Hidden Injuries. Sociological Perspectives,53(4), 5511-572. doi:10.1525/sop.2010.53.4.551
• Valenzuela, A. (2010). Chapter 8: Uncovering Internalized Oppression. Counterpoints, 356, 77-83. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/42980601

These sources will give evidence of examples of internalized racism:

• Bryant, W. (2011). Internalized Racism's Association With African American Male Youth's Propensity for Violence. Journal of Black Studies, 42(4), 690-707. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/41151366
• “A review and meta-analysis of age-based stereotype threat: Negative stereotypes, not facts, do the damage”: Correction to Lamont, Swift, and Abrams (2015). (2018). Psychology and Aging,33(5), Vi-Vi. doi:10.1037/pag0000269
• Campón, R. R., & Carter, R. T. (2015). The Appropriated Racial Oppression Scale: Development and preliminary validation. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology,21(4), 497-506. doi:10.1037/cdp0000037
• Taylor, V. J., Garcia, R. L., Shelton, J. N., & Yantis, C. (2018). “A threat on the ground”: The consequences of witnessing stereotype-confirming ingroup members in interracial interactions. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 24(3), 319-333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000190

These sources help with the regional examples:

• Rice, J. (1998). "It Was Their Own Fault for Being Intractable": Internalized Racism and Wounded Knee. American Indian Quarterly, 22(1/2), 63-82. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1185108
• Poupart, L. (2003). The Familiar Face of Genocide: Internalized Oppression among American Indians. Hypatia, 18(2), 86-100. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3811013
• Mouzon, D. M., & Mclean, J. S. (2016). Internalized racism and mental health among African-Americans, US-born Caribbean Blacks, and foreign-born Caribbean Blacks. Ethnicity & Health,22(1), 36-48. doi:10.1080/13557858.2016.1196652
• Garcia, G. M., David, E. J. R., & Mapaye, J. C. (2018). Internalized racial oppression as a moderator of the relationship between experiences of racial discrimination and mental distress among Asians and Pacific Islanders. Asian American Journal of Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/aap0000124

These sources talk about the implications:

• Chapman, R. T. (2006). Internalized Racism of the Clinician and the Treatment Dynamic. Journal of Emotional Abuse,6(2-3), 219-228. doi:10.1300/j135v06n02_13
• Kohli, R. (2013). Unpacking internalized racism: Teachers of color striving for racially just classrooms. Race Ethnicity and Education,17(3), 367-387. doi:10.1080/13613324.2013.832935
• Conde, E., & Gorman, D. (2009). Krieger's conceptualization and measurement of discrimination and internalized oppression in studies of adverse health outcomes. GeoJournal, 74(2), 131-142. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/41148321
• Pheterson, G. (1986). Alliances between Women: Overcoming Internalized Oppression and Internalized Domination. Signs,12(1), 146-160. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3174362
• DiAngelo, R. (2012). Chapter 5: The Cycle of Oppression. Counterpoints, 398, 65-77. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/42981485

These sources discuss responses:

• CHISOM, R., & BILLINGS, D. (2003). Overcoming Internalized Racial Oppression: A challenge to the people of color Environmental Justice Movement. Race, Poverty & the Environment, 10(1), 29-30. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/41554368
• Concepción, D. (2009). Overcoming Oppressive Self-Blame: Gray Agency in Underground Railroads. Hypatia, 24(1), 81-99. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20618122
• Weinblatt, M., & Harrison, C. (2011). CHAPTER TWO: Theatre of the Oppressor: Working with Privilege Toward Social Justice. Counterpoints, 416, 21-31. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/42981325
• Camara Phyllis Jones. “Confronting Institutionalized Racism.” Phylon (1960-), vol. 50, no. 1/2, 2002, pp. 7–22. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4149999.