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Emperors

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See also: Han emperors family tree

Below is a complete list of emperors of the Han dynasty, including their personal, posthumous, and era names. Excluded from the list are de facto rulers such as regents and empress dowagers.

Han dynasty sovereigns
Picture Name by which most commonly known Personal name Reign Posthumous name Era name Range of years[note 1]
Western Han dynasty (202 BC–8 AD)
  Emperor Gao of Han Liu Bang 劉邦 202–195 BC[1][2] Gaodi 高帝 [3]
Emperor Hui of Han Liu Ying 劉盈 195–188 BC[4] Huidi 惠帝 Did not exist[5]
Emperor Qianshao Liu Gong 劉恭 188–184 BC[6] Shaodi (Shaodi Gong) 少帝 Did not exist[7]
Emperor Houshao of Han Liu Hong 劉弘 184–180 BC[6] Shaodi (Shaodi Hong) 少帝 Did not exist[8]
  Emperor Wen of Han Liu Heng 劉恆 180–157 BC[9] Wendi 文帝 Qíanyuán 前元 179–164 BC[10]
Hòuyuán 後元 163–156 BC[11]
  Emperor Jing of Han Liu Qi 劉啟 157–141 BC[9] Jingdi 景帝 Qíanyuán 前元 156–150 BC[12]
Zhōngyuán 中元 149–143 BC[13]
Hòuyuán 後元 143–141 BC[14]
  Emperor Wu of Han Liu Che 劉徹 141–87 BC[15] Wudi 武帝 Jiànyuán 建元 141–135 BC[16]
Yuánguāng 元光 134–129 BC[17]
Yuánshuò 元朔 128–123 BC[18]
Yuánshòu 元狩 122–117 BC[19]
Yuándǐng 元鼎 116–111 BC[20]
Yuánfēng 元封 110–105 BC[21]
Tàichū 太初 104–101 BC[22]
Tiānhàn 天漢 100–97 BC[23]
Tàishǐ 太始 96–93 BC[24]
Zhēnghé 征和 92–89 BC[25]
Hòuyuán 後元 88–87 BC[26]
Emperor Zhao of Han Liu Fuling 劉弗陵 87–74 BC[27] Zhaodi 昭帝 Shǐyuán 始元 86–80 BC[28]
Yuánfèng 元鳳 80–75 BC[29]
Yuánpíng 元平 74 BC[30]
Marquis of Haihun Liu He 劉賀 74 BC[6] The Prince of Changyi 昌邑王 or 海昏侯 Yuánpíng 元平 74 BC[30]
  Emperor Xuan of Han Liu Bingyi 劉病已 74–49 BC[27] Xuandi 宣帝 Běnshǐ 本始 73–70 BC[31]
Dìjié 地節 69–66 BC[32]
Yuánkāng 元康 65–61 BC[33]
Shénjué 神爵 61–58 BC[34]
Wǔfèng 五鳳 57–54 BC[35]
Gānlù 甘露 53–50 BC[36]
Huánglóng 黃龍 49 BC[37]
Emperor Yuan of Han Liu Shi 劉奭 49–33 BC[38] Yuandi 元帝 Chūyuán 初元 48–44 BC[39]
Yǒngguāng 永光 43–39 BC[40]
Jiànzhāo 建昭 38–34 BC[41]
Jìngníng 竟寧 33 BC[42]
  Emperor Cheng of Han Liu Ao 劉驁 33–7 BC[38] Chengdi 成帝 Jiànshǐ 建始 32–28 BC[43]
Hépíng 河平 28–25 BC[44]
Yángshuò 陽朔 24–21 BC[45]
Hóngjiā 鴻嘉 20–17 BC[46]
Yǒngshǐ 永始 16–13 BC[47]
Yuányán 元延 12–9 BC[48]
Suīhé 綏和 8–7 BC[48]
Emperor Ai of Han Liu Xin 劉欣 7–1 BC[38] Aidi 哀帝 Jiànpíng 建平 6–3 BC[49]
Yuánshòu 元壽 2–1 BC[49]
Emperor Ping of Han Liu Kan 劉衎 1–6 AD[38] Pingdi 平帝 Yuánshǐ 元始 1–5 AD[50]
Ruzi Ying Liu Ying 劉嬰 6–9 AD[38] Ruzi1 孺子 Jùshè 居攝 6–8 AD[51]
Chūshǐ 初始 8 AD
Xin dynasty (9–23 AD)
Wang Mang Xin dynasty of Wang Mang (王莽) 9–23 AD[52] Shǐjiànguó 始建國 9–13 AD[53]
Tiānfēng 天鳳 14–19 AD[54]
Dìhuáng 地皇 20–23 AD[55]
Continuation of Han dynasty
Gengshi Emperor Liu Xuan 劉玄 23–25 AD[56] Gengshi-di 更始帝 Gēngshǐ 更始 23–25 AD[57]
Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 AD)
Emperor Guangwu of Han Liu Xiu 劉秀 25–57 AD[58] Guangwu-di 光武帝 Jiànwǔ 建武 25–56 AD[59]
Jiànwǔzhōngyuán 建武中元 56–57 AD[60]
Emperor Ming of Han Liu Zhuang 劉庄 57–75 AD[61] Mingdi 明帝 Yǒngpíng 永平 57–75 AD[62]
Emperor Zhang of Han Liu Da 劉炟 75–88 AD[63] Zhangdi 章帝 Jiànchū 建初 76–84 AD[64]
Yuánhé 元和 84–87 AD[65]
Zhānghé 章和 87–88 AD[66]
Emperor He of Han Liu Zhao 劉肇 88–106 AD[67] Hedi 和帝 Yǒngyuán 永元 89–105 AD[68]
Yuánxīng 元興 105 AD[69]
Emperor Shang of Han Liu Long 劉隆 106 AD[70] Shangdi 殤帝 Yánpíng 延平 9 months in 106 AD[71]
Emperor An of Han Liu Hu 劉祜 106–125 AD[72] Andi 安帝 Yǒngchū 永初 107–113 AD[73]
Yuánchū 元初 114–120 AD[74]
Yǒngníng 永寧 120–121 AD[75]
Jiànguāng 建光 121–122 AD[75]
Yánguāng 延光 122–125 AD[76]
Marquess of Beixiang Liu Yi 劉懿 125 AD[77] Shaodi, the Marquess of Beixiang 少帝 or 北鄉侯 Yánguāng 延光 125 AD[76]
Emperor Shun of Han Liu Bao 劉保 125–144 AD[78] Shundi 順帝 Yǒngjiàn 永建 126–132 AD[79]
Yángjiā 陽嘉 132–135 AD[80]
Yǒnghé 永和 136–141 AD[81]
Hàn'ān 漢安 142–144 AD[82]
Jiànkāng 建康 144 AD[82]
Emperor Chong of Han Liu Bing 劉炳 144–145 AD[83] Chongdi 沖帝 Yōngxī 永熹 145 AD[84]
Emperor Zhi of Han Liu Zuan 劉纘 145–146 AD[83] Zhidi 質帝 Běnchū 本初 146 AD[84]
Emperor Huan of Han Liu Zhi 劉志 146–168 AD[85] Huandi 桓帝 Jiànhé 建和 147–149 AD[86]
Hépíng 和平 150 AD[87]
Yuánjiā 元嘉 151–153 AD[87]
Yǒngxīng 永興 153–154 AD[87]
Yǒngshòu 永壽 155–158 AD[88]
Yánxī 延熹 158–167 AD[89]
Yǒngkāng 永康 167 AD[90]
Emperor Ling of Han Liu Hong 劉宏 168–189 AD[91] Lingdi 靈帝 Jiànníng 建寧 168–172 AD[92]
Xīpíng 熹平 172–178 AD[93]
Guānghé 光和 178–184 AD[94]
Zhōngpíng 中平 184–189 AD[95]
Liu Bian Liu Bian 劉辯 189 AD[77] Shaodi, the Prince of Hongnong 少帝 or 弘農王 Guāngxī 光熹 189 AD[96]
Zhàoníng 昭寧 189 AD[96]
Emperor Xian of Han Liu Xie 劉協 189–220 AD[97] Xiandi 獻帝 Yǒnghàn 永漢 189 AD[96]
Chūpíng 初平 190–193 AD[98]
Xīngpíng 興平 194–195 AD[99]
Jiàn'ān 建安 196–220 AD[100]
Yánkāng 延康 220 AD[101]
1 — Ruzi was prince, rather than emperor of Han. Officially, the throne of emperor of Han was vacant during 6AD to 9AD.
Zhao BingEmperor DuanzongEmperor Gong of SongEmperor DuzongEmperor LizongEmperor NingzongEmperor GuangzongEmperor Xiaozong of SongEmperor Gaozong of SongEmperor QinzongEmperor Huizong of SongEmperor ZhezongEmperor Shenzong of SongEmperor Yingzong of SongEmperor Renzong of SongEmperor ZhenzongEmperor Taizong of SongEmperor Taizu of SongSong dynastySong dynasty

Temple Name Key

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Temple Names that you can use, FOR FREE! 祖 not used due to having to same purpose but it replaces the ancestor part.

See also: Emperor Lizong and Longqing Emperor

A

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Āizōng = 哀宗, Lamentable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Ānzōng = 安宗, Secure Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

B

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C

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Chéngzōng, 成宗 = Accomplished Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Chóngzōng, 崇宗 = Honorable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

D

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Dàizōng = 代宗, Generational Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Dàozōng = 道宗, Thinking Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Dézōng = 德宗, Moral Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Dìngzōng = 定宗, Set Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Dùzōng = 度宗, Measured Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Duānzōng = 端宗, Final Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

E

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F

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G

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Gāozōng = 高宗, High Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Gōngzōng = 恭帝, Respectful Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Guāngzōng = 光宗, Bright Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

H

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Huáizōng = 懷宗, Missed Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Huánzōng = 桓宗, Diligent Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Huīzōng = 徽宗, Beautiful Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Huìzōng = 惠宗, Beneficial Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

I

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J

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Jìnzōng = 晉宗, Advanced Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Jìngzōng = 敬宗, Venerate Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Jǐngzōng = 景宗, Viewable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

K

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Kāngzōng = 康宗, Peaceful Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

L

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Lǐzōng = 禮宗, Ceremonial Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Lǐzōng = 理宗, Reasonable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Lièzōng = 烈宗, Strong Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

M

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Mǐnzōng = 閔宗, Compassionate Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Míngzōng = 明宗, Bright Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Mùzōng = 穆宗, Solemn Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

N

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Níngzōng = 寧宗, Peaceful Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

O

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P

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Q

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Qīnzōng = 欽宗, Venerate Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

R

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Rénzōng = 仁宗, Benevolent Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Ruìzōng = 睿宗, Farsighted Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

S

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Shàozōng = 紹宗, Introduced Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Shénzōng = 神宗, Spiritual Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Shèngzōng = 聖宗, Sacred Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Shǐzōng = 始宗, Beginning Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Shìzōng = 世宗, World Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Shùnzōng = 順宗, Favorable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Sīzōng = 思宗, Considerable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Sùzōng = 肅宗, Respectful Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

T

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Tàizōng = 太宗, Great Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

U

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V

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W

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Wēizōng = 威宗, Prestige Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Wénzōng = 文宗, Cultured Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Wǔzōng = 武宗, Martial Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

X

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Xiànzōng = 憲宗, Constitutional Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xiànzōng = 獻宗, Offerable Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xiǎnzōng = 顯宗, Show Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xiāngzōng = 襄宗, Assistive Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xiàozōng = 孝宗, Filial Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xìngzōng, 興宗, Interested Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xīzōng = 僖宗, Precautious Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xīzōng = 熙宗, Prosperous Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xīzōng = 熹宗, Warm Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xuānzōng = 宣宗, Declared Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Xuánzōng = 玄宗, Mysterious Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

Y

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Yìzōng = 益宗, Beneficial Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yìzōng = 毅宗, Preservance Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yìzōng = 義宗, Righteous Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yìzōng = 懿宗, Virtuous Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yìzōng = 翼宗, Winged Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yīngzōng = 英宗, Heroic Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yùzōng = 裕宗, Abundant Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Yuánzōng = 元宗, Primary Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

Z

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Zhāngzōng = 章宗, Order Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Zhāozōng = 昭宗, Manifested Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Zhēnzōng = 真宗, True Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Zhézōng = 哲宗, Wise Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Zhōngzōng = 中宗, Middle Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)
Zhuāngzōng = 莊宗, Solemn Ancestor of the (insert dynasty name here)

Ancestors

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Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range come from Paludan (1998), 28 and Loewe (2000), 253–258.
  2. ^ Hinsch，Bret. Passions of The Cut Sleeve: The Male Homosexual Tradition in China. edited by Sheila Levine, U of California P，1992, EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com.fetch.mhsl.uab.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=10029&site=ehost-live&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_35. pp. 35-36. According to Hinsch's sources, and contrary to what Paludan writes (1998), Gaozu's reign did not begin until 206, the date that marks the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty. See Hinsch's bibliography and notes for further information on historical dates.
  3. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 433–440.
  4. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range come from Paludan (1998), 28, 31.
  5. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 441–442.
  6. ^ a b c Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range come from Twitchett and Loewe (1986), xxxix.
  7. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 442–443.
  8. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 443.
  9. ^ a b Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range come from Paludan (1998), 28, 33.
  10. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 444–446.
  11. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 446–447.
  12. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 447–448.
  13. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 449–452.
  14. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 452.
  15. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range come from Paludan (1998), 28, 36 and Loewe (2000), 273–280.
  16. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 452–453.
  17. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 454–455.
  18. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 456–457.
  19. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 457–459.
  20. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 459–460.
  21. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 460–462.
  22. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 463–464.
  23. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 467–468.
  24. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 468.
  25. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 468–470.
  26. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 470–471.
  27. ^ a b Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range come from Paludan (1998), 40.
  28. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 471–472.
  29. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 472–473.
  30. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 473.
  31. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 473–475.
  32. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 475.
  33. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 476.
  34. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 477.
  35. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 478–479.
  36. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 479–480.
  37. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 480.
  38. ^ a b c d e Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 40, 42.
  39. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 481–482.
  40. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 482–483.
  41. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 483–484.
  42. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 484.
  43. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 485–486.
  44. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 486–487.
  45. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 487.
  46. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 487–488.
  47. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 488–489.
  48. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 489.
  49. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 490.
  50. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 495. While traditional sources do not give a exact date when the Yuanshi era was announced, it was implied that the first year of Yuanshi did not start until the first month of the lunar calendar — ergo, in 1 AD. See, e.g., Ban Gu, Book of Han, vol. 12.
  51. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 495–496.
  52. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 42–43.
  53. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 496–497.
  54. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 498–499.
  55. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 499–500.
  56. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from de Crespigny (2007), 558–560.
  57. ^ Bo Yang (1977) 500–501.
  58. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 44 and de Crespigny (2007), 557–566.
  59. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 501–509.
  60. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 509.
  61. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 44, 49 and de Crespigny (2007), 604–609.
  62. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 509–513.
  63. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 44, 49 and de Crespigny (2007), 495–500.
  64. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 514–515.
  65. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 515–516.
  66. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 516.
  67. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50 and de Crespigny (2007), 588–592.
  68. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 517–523.
  69. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 523.
  70. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50 and de Crespigny (2007), 531.
  71. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 524.
  72. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50 and de Crespigny (2007), 580–583.
  73. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 524–526.
  74. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 526–527.
  75. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 528.
  76. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 529.
  77. ^ a b Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Twitchett and Loewe (1986), xl.
  78. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50–51 and de Crespigny (2007), 473–478.
  79. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 530–531.
  80. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 532.
  81. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 532–534.
  82. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 534.
  83. ^ a b Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50–51.
  84. ^ a b Bo Yang (1977), 535.
  85. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50–51 and de Crespigny (2007), 595–603
  86. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 535–536.
  87. ^ a b c Bo Yang (1977), 536.
  88. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 536–537.
  89. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 537–540.
  90. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 541.
  91. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50, 52 and de Crespigny (2007), 511–517.
  92. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 541–542.
  93. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 542–543.
  94. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 543–545.
  95. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 545–547.
  96. ^ a b c Bo Yang (1977), 547.
  97. ^ Latin spelling, Chinese characters, and date range from Paludan (1998), 50, 55.
  98. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 547–550.
  99. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 551.
  100. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 552–564.
  101. ^ Bo Yang (1977), 564.
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