D. Fred Charlton | |
---|---|
Born | |
Died | January 25, 1941 | (aged 84)
Nationality | United States |
Occupation | Architect |
Awards | Fellow, American Institute of Architects (1893) |
Practice | Scott & Charlton; Charlton & Gilbert; Charlton, Gilbert & Demar; Charlton, Gilbert & Kuenzli; Charlton & Kuenzli |
D. Fred Charlton FAIA (May 9, 1856 – January 25, 1941) was an English-born American architect in practice in Marquette, Michigan, from 1889 until his retirement in 1918. In retirement Charlton nurtured his hobby of photography and was responsible for introducing new photographic techniques to the region.
Life and career
editDemetrius Frederick Charlton, known professionally as D. Fred Charlton, was born May 9, 1856, in Wrotham, Kent, England, to Thomas Charlton, a tenant farmer, and Frances Maria Grevis-James.
In 1887 the Scott firm was chosen to design the new Marquette Branch Prison, and Charlton was sent to Marquette to supervise construction of the project and manage a branch office. In 1889 Charlton was made a special partner in the Marquette office, which was renamed Scott & Charlton. In 1890 he separated from the Scott firm and opened his own office, making him the first professional architect to settle permanently in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.
In 1892 Charlton was joined by the first of his three partners, R. William Gilbert. Gilbert had come from Boston and his own work had included the William H. Long Memorial in Hopkinton, New Hampshire. Late that year they opened the first of several branch offices, in Superior, Wisconsin, was established under Gilbert's management; it closed in 1894. In 1895 they were joined by Edward Demar, one of the architects of the Marquette City Hall, completed earlier that year. In 1896 Gilbert established another, more permanent, branch office in Milwaukee. He was joined there by Demar in 1899, though he withdrew from the partnership in 1901 after briefly managing short-lived offices at Houghton and Sault Ste. Marie. In 1903 Edwin O. Kuenzli, a drafter in the Milwaukee office, became a partner. Gilbert also withdrew in 1904, and the firm was renamed a last time to Charlton & Kuenzli, with Charlton in Marquette and Kuenzli in Milwaukee.
Personal life
editIn 1887 Charlton was married to Alice H. Grylls, sister of H. J. Maxwell Grylls, a partner in the Scott firm and later a cofounder of Smith, Hinchman & Grylls.
Legacy
editAt least thirteen works designed by Charlton and his partners have been listed on the United States National Register of Historic Places, and others contribute to listed historic districts.
Architectural works
editScott & Charlton, 1889–1890
editD. Fred Charlton, 1890–1891
edit- 1890 – Masonic Building,[a] 617-619 Ludington, Escanaba, Michigan[1]
- 1891 – Ishpeming Municipal Building,[b] 100 E Division St, Ishpeming, Michigan[2]
- 1891 – Marquette City Water Works (former),[c] 300 Lake Shore Blvd, Marquette, Michigan[3]
- 1892 – John Munro Longyear house,[d] E Arch and Cedar Sts, Marquette, Michigan[3]
Charlton & Gilbert, 1891–1895 and 1901–1903
edit- 1894 – J. Vivian Jr. and Company Building,[b] 342 Hecla St, Laurium, Michigan[4]
- 1902 – Alger County Courthouse,[e] 101 Court St, Munising, Michigan[5]
- 1902 – Hall Building,[f] 322-324 Shelden Ave, Houghton, Michigan[5]
Charlton, Gilbert & Demar, 1895–1901
edit- 1897 – Ontonagon County Courthouse,[b] 601 Trap St, Ontonagon, Michigan[6]
- 1898 – Garfield School,[b] 510 E Spruce St, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan[7]
- 1898 – Johnson Vivian Jr. house, 308 Pewabic St, Laurium, Michigan[8]
- 1899 – Hancock Town Hall and Fire Hall,[b][g] 399 Quincy St, Hancock, Michigan[9]
- 1900 – Smith–Dengler House,[b] 58555 US-41, Wolverine, Michigan[10]
- 1900 – Wright Block,[g] 100-102 Quincy St, Hancock, Michigan[11]
- 1901 – Gowan Block,[b] 416 Ashmun St, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan[12]
- 1901 – St. Anne's Catholic Church, 25725 Scott St, Calumet, Michigan[13]
- 1902 – Escanaba City Hall (former),[a] 209 S 11th St, Escanaba, Michigan[1]
Charlton, Gilbert & Kuenzli, 1903–1904
edit- 1903 – Rathfon Building,[a] 623 Ludington St, Escanaba, Michigan[14][1]
- 1904 – Marquette County Courthouse,[b] 400 S 3rd St, Marquette, Michigan[15]
Charlton & Kuenzli, 1904–1918
edit- 1906 – College Club House and Gymnasium,[b] Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan[16]
- 1906 – St. John's Episcopal Church, 127 W Onota St, Munising, Michigan[17]
- 1907 – Calumet High School, 57070 Mine St, Calumet, Michigan[18]
- 1908 – Gwinn State Savings Bank Building,[h] 186 W Flint St, Gwinn, Michigan[19]
- 1909 – Gwinn Hotel,[h] 170 W Flint St, Gwinn, Michigan[19]
- 1910 – Negaunee Fire Station,[b][i] 200 S Pioneer Ave, Negaunee, Michigan[20]
- 1912 – Iron Mountain High School,[j] 300 W B St, Iron Mountain, Michigan[21]
- 1912 – Negaunee State Bank Building,[b][i] 331 Iron St, Negaunee, Michigan[22]
- 1912 – St. Joseph Catholic Church,[k] 701 Calumet St, Lake Linden, Michigan[23]
- 1914 – Delft Theatre,[a] 907 Ludington St, Escanaba, Michigan[1][14]
- 1914 – Forsyth Township Hall (former),[h] 99 Pine St, Gwinn, Michigan[19]
- 1916 – Gogebic County Courthouse remodeling,[l][b] 200 N Moore St, Bessemer, Michigan[24]
- 1917 – Longyear Building,[b] 210 N Front St, Marquette, Michigan[25]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Escanaba Central Historic District.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m NRHP-listed.
- ^ Now the Marquette Maritime Museum.
- ^ When the Longyears moved east, the house was dismantled and rebuilt in Brookline, Massachusetts. The rebuilt house is a contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Fisher Hill Historic District.
- ^ Destroyed by fire.
- ^ A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Shelden Avenue Historic District.
- ^ a b A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Quincy Street Historic District.
- ^ a b c A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Gwinn Model Town Historic District.
- ^ a b A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Negaunee Downtown Historic District.
- ^ A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Iron Mountain Central Historic District.
- ^ A contributing resource to the NRHP-listed Lake Linden Historic District.
- ^ Originally designed by John Scott & Company.
References
edit- ^ a b c d Escanaba Central Historic District NRHP Registration Form (2014)
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 513.
- ^ a b Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 506.
- ^ J. Vivian Jr. and Company Building NRHP Registration Form (2003)
- ^ a b Shelden Avenue Historic District NRHP Registration Form (1987)
- ^ Ontonagon County Courthouse NRHP Inventory-Nomination Form (1980)
- ^ Garfield School NRHP Registration Form (2022)
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 489.
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 477.
- ^ Smith–Dengler House NRHP Registration Form (2008)
- ^ Quincy Street Historic District NRHP Inventory-Nomination Form (1988)
- ^ Gowan Block NRHP Registration Form (2010)
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 487.
- ^ a b Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 543.
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 505.
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 475.
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 533.
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 482-483.
- ^ a b c Gwinn Model Town Historic District NRHP Registration Form (2000)
- ^ Negaunee Fire Station NRHP Registration Form (2004)
- ^ Iron Mountain Central Historic District NRHP Registration Form (2013)
- ^ Negaunee State Bank Building NRHP Registration Form (1995)
- ^ Kathryn Bishop Eckert, Buildings of Michigan (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2012): 490.
- ^ Gogebic County Courthouse NRHP Inventory-Nomination Form (1981)
- ^ Longyear Building NRHP Registration Form (2004)