Jorgecava

ETHNO JAZZ

1.     Definition

a.     Ethnomusicology

              i.     The study of dance and music from different parts of the world based on their culture and social behavior.

b.     Jazz

                i.     African musical tradition

                ii.     Involves creativity, improvisation, syncopation

c.     How they work together

                i.     Elements of other cultures’ music + elements of jazz

1.     Cuban clave and improvisation

2.     Ethno Jazz Background

a.     Globalization

                 i.     Industrial revolution

                 ii.     Connection between cultures

b.     Historical background and Influences

                 i.     Jazz traveling

1.     Musicians Touring

a.     Original Creole Orchestra from New Orleans 1914

2.     Outside US musicians inspired by Jazz

a.     China Jazz Festival

b.     Reinhardt a gypsy jazz-guitarist

3.     Musicians Traveling and adopting music styles

a.     Randy Weston, Lester Bowie, Yusef Lateef, Ornette Coleman and Max Roach went to Africa

4.     Commercial music

a.     Selling and popularity

                  ii.     Genres Transforming Jazz

1.     Latin-America

a.     Cuba

b.     Brazil

2.     Indian

a.     Calypso

3.     Africa

a.    

3.     Latin Jazz

a.     Cuba

                 i.     African western influence

                 ii.     Popular American travel destination 1930s-1950s

1.     Appeal to the culture

2.     Dance, music, beautiful singers

                  iii.     Afro-Cuban Jazz/Cubop

1.     Clave

a.     Time-line pattern adding other rhythms

b.     Origin West Africa adapted by Cubans

c.     Clave=Asymmetrical, tension

d.     Jazz (swing)=symmetrical and strong back beat

e.     Son Clave and Rumba clave

                                           i.     2 measure pattern

f.       Mario Bauzá (Cuban Trumpeter) and Frank Grillo “Machito” (Cuban Maracas):

                                            i.     Both jazz influenced

                                            ii.     They form an Afro-Cuban in the United States

                                            iii.     Big Influence of Cuban in Jazz (Like the seed)

g.     Dizzy Gillespie

                                            i.     Breakthrough of Afro-Cuban Jazz

                                            ii.     1946 Jazz + Cuban Muisic

                                       iii.     Bauza introduced Chano Pozo (Conga) and Chiquitico (Bongos) to Gillespie.

1.     1^st Jazz-Lattin performance in Carnegie Hall

                                            iv.     Carachterized for:

1.     Latin syncopated bass lines

2.     Percussion drumming

3.     Cross rhythms

4.     Bebop language on top of the Latin feel.

5.     Tension all the time

                                           v.     Songs

1.     Cuban Be

2.     Cuban Bop

3.     Algo Bueno

4.     Manteca

b.      Brazilian Jazz

                   i.     Samba

1.     Combination of African dances with march rhythms (19^th Century)

a.     Emphasis on the second beat of the measure

b.     No Clave = More relaxed, less tension

2.     1930

a.     Popular by Hollywood

                                            i.     “Tico tico” and “Brazil”

                                            ii.     It didn’t last

3.     1958 Antonio Carlos de Almedia (Jobim)

a.     Elizete Cardoso with Canção do Amor Demais

b.     Bossa Nova (New Flair)

                                            i.     Similar to Samba, but slower.

                                            ii.     Poetic and melancholic

c.     Dizzy Gillespie

                                            i.     Studied Jobim’s music

                                            ii.     Recorded “Desafinado” and “Chenga de Sudade”

d.     Stan Getz (Sax) and Charlie Byrd (Guitar)

                                             i.     Jazz Samba: album 1940

1.     Number 1 in pop charts

2.     Verve Records

3.     Grammy for best solo performance of the year (Desafinado).

  c. Latin Jazz Bands vs Jazz Bands

               ii.     Piano, Bass and Drums +

1.     Percussion: Timbales, congas, bongos, maracas, claves, and guiros.