Olšina (German: Wolschen or Wolsina) is an extinct village in the Česká Lípa district of the Czech Republic, in the former Ralsko military area[1], about 13 kilometers east of Mimoň. It was located about 7 km northeast of Kuřívody.
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History
editThe village was populated by both German-speaking and Czech-speaking Bohemians. In the mid-19th century, Wolschen/Olšina became part of the judicial district of Niemes for the Habsburg Crownland of Bohemia (and later for Austria-Hungary). This district included 26 small villages in a large wooded area east of Niemes/Mimoň.[2]
In the early 1900s, Wolschen had 46 houses and 214 inhabitants, (mainly German-speaking with only a few Czechs). Agriculture, livestock and forestry were the main sources of livelihood. There was a church, a water pond, a school, three inns, two shops with several craftsmen and merchants. The village also had its own gendarmerie (sheriff), telephone connection, post office, brickyard, steam-powered sawmill and a milk dairy with a high chimney. The village was wired for electricity around 1922. The nearest railway station was at Niemes/Mimoň.[3][4][5]
After World War II, in 1947, Wolschen and the other villages in the area became part of a military weapons-testing area for decades. Most of the villages in this restricted area were destroyed. The military testing area was shut down in 1991 after Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution. Plans were being made to turn the area into a natural preserve/tourist area. There are only scant remnants of the village today.[6][7][8]
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Reference
edit- ^ https://www.cesky-raj.info/dr-en/556-former-military-area-in-ralsko.html
- ^ Landes-Regierungs-Blatt für das Königreich Böhmen 1854, I. Abtheilung, XLVII. Stück, Nr. 277: "Verordnung der Ministerien des Inneren, der Justiz und der Finanzen vom 9. Oktober 1854, betreffen die politische und gerichtliche Organisirung des Königreichs Böhmen"
- ^ Olšina (Wolschen) - Historie [online]. www.zanikleobce.cz [cit. 2015-09-08] http://www.zanikleobce.cz/index.php?detail=1136680
- ^ Olšina – Wolschen [online]. www.zanikleralsko.cz [cit. 2015-09-08] https://www.zanikleralsko.cz/clanky/obce/olsina-----wolschen
- ^ Wolschen (Foto), Ansicht mit Kapelle und Dorfteich (ca 1930) http://www.joachim-richter.de/nie_seiten_ft/nie_ft_oberdoerfer/nie_ft_obdf_wolschen_kapelle_teich_dorfplatz_1930.html
- ^ Probouzející se Ralsko. Herausgegeben von der Vereinigung „Sdružení Náhlov v oblasti Ralsko“, 2005.
- ^ Robert Mlejnek: Stav pyrotechnické zátěže v bývalém VVP Ralsko a jeho hodnocení z hlediska turistického využití. In: BVP Ralsko, S. 17–21
- ^ Janota Jiří: Vývoj lesního hospodaření v bývalém vojenském prostoru Ralsko. In: BVP Ralsko, S. 7
