User:Kragab111/sandbox

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Early Life

• Born in Danville, PA
• Born on September 13th, 1996

1. Levett, Heidi. "The Misunderstood Gender: A Model of Modern Femme Identity Butch–Femme History." ResearchGate. Web. 08 Apr. 2016.

  https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225274019_The_Misunderstood_Gender_A_Model_of_Modern_Femme_Identity_Butch-Femme_History

Heidi Levett at al. dive deep into butch and femme culture. Levett explains that butch/femme culture and ideologies have been botched in both homosexual and heterosexual contexts. This literature fairly evaluates butch culture without bias. It is essentially broken into 4 section, identity development, experiences in the lesbian community, heterosexual society, and romantic relationships. Levitt's credibility comes from her abundant use of sources as well as the confirmation of the validity of her statements. Being affiliated with the University of Memphis, she uses information studies from the university as well as other verified journals to back up her claims. This more than qualifies Levett as a reliable source by Wikipedia's standards.

2. Rossiter, Hannah. "She's Always A Woman: Butch Lesbian Trans Women In The Lesbian Community." Journal Of Lesbian Studies 20.1 (2016): 87-96. Academic Search Complete. Web. 8 Apr. 2016. http://web.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=69b38b54-770a-4335-a923-5b7cf3254f05%40sessionmgr4003&hid=4214&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=111967576&db=a9h

Rossiter admits that even though lesbian culture has been more accepted throughout the past couple decades, it has mainly been in hetero-American culture. However, butch lesbians have yet to truly find their place in today's communities of queer and lesbians. The article mainly picks apart the intersectionality of butch lesbians and lesbian and trans women. Hannah receives her credibility from her association with the University of Auckland as an affiliation as well the fact this academic journal stems from the Journal of Lesbian Studies, which qualifies it for Wikipedia's reliable sources requirements.

3. Smith, Christine, Julie Konik, and Melanie Tuve. "In Search Of Looks, Status, Or Something Else? Partner Preferences Among Butch And Femme Lesbians And Heterosexual Men And Women." Sex Roles 64.9/10 (2011): 658-668. Academic Search Complete. Web. 8 Apr. 2016. http://web.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=10&sid=69b38b54-770a-4335-a923-5b7cf3254f05%40sessionmgr4003&hid=4214&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=60686417&db=a9h

This article takes a more psychological standpoint on butch/femme culture. While butch lesbians are more psychologically similar to heterosexual men, by resemblance of application, femme lesbians are to be more like heterosexual women. This journal takes studies from butch and femme lesbian communities from personal advertisements across the country. Supporting sources found that lesbian culture was not as cut-and-dry as once presumed. This academic journal is not only backed by multiple authors (Tuve, Konik, and Smith) but it also uses research professionally done by the University of Wisconsin - Green Bay and Lawrence University, which qualifies it for Wikipedia's reliable sources requirements.

4. Walker, Ja’nina J., et al. "Butch Bottom–Femme Top? An Exploration Of Lesbian Stereotypes." Journal Of Lesbian Studies 16.1 (2012): 90-107. Academic Search Complete. Web. 8 Apr. 2016. http://web.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=12&sid=69b38b54-770a-4335-a923-5b7cf3254f05%40sessionmgr4003&hid=4214&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=70285023&db=a9h

Gender labels are used to put certain groups of people into sections. Labels such as butch, femme, high femme, are made to put a sectional barrier of stereotypes on people. This article finds the true statistics of intersectionality of lesbians and their true sexual behaviors. Contradicting many stereotypes, very few differences were found in lesbian gender labels. This shows a fluidity, or a large cloud of characteristics that can fall under all types of lesbians regardless of femme, butch, etc identity. Wikipedia's standard of authenticity is met with the backing of Walker et al's credibility by their information coming from University of California San Francisco and Hunter College of City University of New York.

5. Blair, Karen L., and Rhea Ashley Hoskin. "Experiences Of Femme Identity: Coming Out, Invisibility And Femmephobia." Psychology & Sexuality 6.3 (2015): 229-244. Academic Search Complete. Web. 8 Apr. 2016. http://web.a.ebscohost.com.proxy-um.researchport.umd.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=16&sid=69b38b54-770a-4335-a923-5b7cf3254f05%40sessionmgr4003&hid=4214&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=103432578&db=a9h

First hand individual experience taken directly from 146 lesbian individuals about their past experiences with sexual identity, desires, gender expression, outside influences (social) and more. Mainly, these were experiences with criticisms in and out of the lesbian community with an emphasis on femme/butch experiences. To reach Wikipedia's standard of authenticity, Blair and Hoskin have been validated through the University of Utah and Queens University. This article has also been published by Taylor and Francis, a publisher of books and academic journals.